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Katipunero
The Katipunan, officially known as the Kataastaasan, Kagalanggalangang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan or Kataastaasan Kagalang-galang na Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan (KKK; en, Supreme and Honorable Association of the Children of the Nation; es, Suprema y Honorable Asociación de los Hijos del Pueblo), was a Philippine revolutionary society founded by anti-Spanish colonialist Filipinos in Manila in 1892; its primary goal was to gain independence from Spain through a revolution. Revolutionary documents from Archivo General Militar de Madrid rediscovered in the 21st century suggest that the society had been organized as early as January 1892 but may not have become active until July 7 of the same year; that was the date that Filipino writer José Rizal was to be banished to Dapitan. Founded by Filipino patriots Deodato Arellano, Andrés Bonifacio, Valentin Diaz, Ladislao Diwa, José Dizon, and Teodoro Plata, the Katipunan was a secret organization until it was discovered in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cry Of Pugad Lawin
The Cry of Pugad Lawin ( tgl, Sigaw ng Pugad Lawin, es, Grito de Pugad Lawin) was the beginning of the Philippine Revolution against the Spanish Empire. In late August 1896, members of the ''Katipunan'' led by Andrés Bonifacio revolted somewhere around Caloocan, which included parts of the present-day Quezon City. Originally the term ''cry'' referred to the first clash between the Katipuneros and the Civil Guards (''Guardia Civil''). The cry could also refer to the tearing up of community tax certificates (''cédulas personales'') in defiance of their allegiance to Spain. The inscriptions of "''Viva la Independencia Filipina''" can also be referred as term for the cry. This was literally accompanied by patriotic shouts. Because accounts of the event vary, the exact date and place of the event is unknown.. From 1908 until 1963, the event was thought to have occurred on August 26 in Balintawak. In 1963, the Philippine government declared August 23 to be the date of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teodoro Plata
Teodoro Plata (1866 – February 6, 1897) was a Filipino patriot, and a co-founder of the Katipunan, the secret society which sparked the Philippine Revolution against Spanish rule in 1896. He met Andrés Bonifacio at a boarding house in Manila along with Ladislao Diwa who was then a law student at the University of Santo Tomas. Bonifacio, Diwa and Plata were all freemasons who were inspired by the nationalistic objectives of the Propaganda Movement in Europe. Plata was a member of La Liga Filipina, which was founded by José Rizal to push for reforms in the Spanish colonial administration. But he agreed with Bonifacio and Diwa who believed that the time was ripe for an armed uprising. On July 6, 1892, upon learning of Rizal's exile to Dapitan island in Mindanao, Plata, Bonifacio and Diwa decided to form a secret society to prepare for a revolution against Spain. The following day, they met with their friends and fellow freemasons Deodato Arellano, Valentin DÃaz and José Diz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ladislao Diwa
Ladislao Diwa y Nocon (June 27, 1863 − March 12, 1930) was a Filipino patriot who was among the founders of the Katipunan that initiated the Philippine Revolution against Spain in 1896. Early years He was born in San Roque, Cavite to Mariano Diwa and Cecilia Nocon and was educated at the Colegio de San Juan de Letran and later studied for the priesthood at the University of Santo Tomas. But he had to abandon his ecclesiastical studies just before his ordination in order to pursue law. He believed that due to the political unrest in the country, he would be able to serve in a much greater capacity as a lawyer than as a priest. He studied law instead and it was while he was studying law that Diwa met Andrés Bonifacio who often distributed propaganda material, authored by José Rizal and Marcelo H. del Pilar during the Propaganda Movement in Spain, inside the university campus. The two became close friends and Diwa later boarded with Teodoro Plata at Bonifacio's house in Tondo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tejeros Convention
The Tejeros Convention, also known as the Tejeros Assembly and the Tejeros Congress, was a meeting held on March 22, 1897, between Katipunan factions of Magdiwang and Magdalo in San Francisco de Malabon, Cavite (now General Trias) that resulted in the creation of a new revolutionary government that took charge of the Philippine Revolution, replacing the Katipunan. It followed on a previous meeting now known as the Imus Assembly. Filipino historians consider the first presidential and vice presidential elections in Philippine history to have been held at this convention, although only Katipuneros (members of the Katipunan) were able to take part, and not the general populace. Convention Purpose The revolutionary leaders called the convention in a friar estate residence in Tejeros, ostensibly to discuss the defense of Cavite against the Spaniards during the Philippine Revolution (the contemporary Governor General, Camilo de Polavieja, had regained much of Cavite itself). Ins ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Román Basa
Román Bása (February 29, 1848 – February 6, 1897) was a Filipino patriot who was the second ''Supremo'' or leader of the Katipunan, the secret society which sparked the Philippine Revolution against Spanish rule in 1896. Basa was born to Mariano Basa and Dorotea Esteban in San Roque, Cavite where he also completed his primary schooling. He was an alumnus of Escuela Nautica de Manila, now known as the Philippine Merchant Marine Academy (PMMA). He was employed in the ''Comandancia de Marina'' in Manila as oficial segundo, which is a senior position for a clerk. He married Josefa Inocencio, the cousin of Maximo Inocencio (one of the thirteen martyrs of Cavite). They had two children: Cristina Luz and Lucio. Basa was a member of the La Liga Filipina and used the name ''Baesa Bata''. Basa would take in Ladislao Diwa as a boarder. Diwa was then a law student at the University of Santo Tomas and would become one of the founders of the Katipunan. Diwa recruited Basa into the org ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andrés Bonifacio
Andrés Bonifacio y de Castro (, ; November 30, 1863May 10, 1897) was a Filipino Freemason and revolutionary leader. He is often called "The Father of the Philippine Revolution", and considered one of the national heroes of the Philippines.. He was one of the founders and later the ''Kataastaasang Pangulo'' (Supreme President, ''Presidente Supremo'' in Spanish, often shortened by contemporaries and historians to just ''Supremo'') of the '' Kataastaasan, Kagalanggalangang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan'' or more commonly known as the "Katipunan", a movement which sought the independence of the Philippines from Spanish colonial rule and started the Tagalog Revolution. With the onset of the Revolution, Bonifacio reorganized the ''Katipunan'' into a revolutionary government, with himself as President (''Pangulo'') of a nation-state called "Haring Bayang Katagalugan" ("Sovereign Nation of the Tagalog People" or "Sovereign Tagalog Nation"), also "Republika ng Katagaluguan" ("Tag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deodato Arellano
Deodato Arellano y de la Cruz (July 26, 1844 – October 7, 1899) was a Filipino propagandist and the first president of the Katipunan, which was founded at his home in Azcarraga Street ( Claro M. Recto Avenue today), Manila. He was first to be given the title Supremo by the Katipunan. After studying bookkeeping in Ateneo de Municipal de Manila (Ateneo de Manila University now), he became an assistant clerk for the Spanish military. He was a member of the Freemasonry in the Philippines and became involved in the Propaganda Movement. Biography Early life and career Arellano was born on July 26, 1844, in Bulacan, Bulacan to Juan Arellano and Mamerta de la Cruz. Their family surname was replaced to Arellano conforming to the 1849 order of then Governor-General of the Philippines Narciso ClaverÃa y Zaldúa to standardize conventions on family names. Arellano went to Ateneo Municipal de Manila (now known as Ateneo de Manila University) to study about bookkeeping. He became an ass ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Community Tax Certificate
A community tax certificate (Filipino: ''sertÃpiko ng buwÃs pampámayanan'') or ''sédula'' (from Spanish ''cédula''), sometimes confused as residence certificate, is a legal identity document in the Philippines. Issued by cities and municipalities to all persons that have reached the age of majority and upon payment of a community tax, it is considered a primary form of identification in the Philippines alongside the driver's license and the passport, and is one of the closest, single documents the country has to a national system of identification. The Community Tax Certificate does not act as a residence certificate which is instead covered by the Barangay Certification/Barangay Clearance. The Philippine national government's current power to levy community taxes and issue accompanying certificates through local government units is by virtue of Article 6 of the 1991 Local Government Code. History The history of the community tax certificate entails three incarnations dating ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Secret Organization
A secret society is a club or an organization whose activities, events, inner functioning, or membership are concealed. The society may or may not attempt to conceal its existence. The term usually excludes covert groups, such as intelligence agencies or guerrilla warfare insurgencies, that hide their activities and memberships but maintain a public presence. Definitions The exact qualifications for labeling a group a secret society are disputed, but definitions generally rely on the degree to which the organization insists on secrecy, and might involve the retention and transmission of secret knowledge, the denial of membership or knowledge of the group, the creation of personal bonds between members of the organization, and the use of secret rites or rituals which solidify members of the group. Anthropologically and historically, secret societies have been deeply interlinked with the concept of the Männerbund, the all-male "warrior-band" or "warrior-society" of pre-modern cu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manila
Manila ( , ; fil, Maynila, ), officially the City of Manila ( fil, Lungsod ng Maynila, ), is the capital of the Philippines, and its second-most populous city. It is highly urbanized and, as of 2019, was the world's most densely populated city proper. Manila is considered to be a global city and rated as an Alpha – City by Globalization and World Cities Research Network (GaWC). It was the first chartered city in the country, designated as such by the Philippine Commission Act 183 of July 31, 1901. It became autonomous with the passage of Republic Act No. 409, "The Revised Charter of the City of Manila", on June 18, 1949. Manila is considered to be part of the world's original set of global cities because its commercial networks were the first to extend across the Pacific Ocean and connect Asia with the Spanish Americas through the galleon trade; when this was accomplished, it marked the first time in world history that an uninterrupted chain of trade routes circling ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valentin Diaz
Valentin is a male given name meaning "strong, healthy, power, rule, terco". It comes from the Latin name ''Valentinus'', as in Saint Valentin. Commonly found in Spain, Romania, Bulgaria, France, Italy, Russia, Ukraine, Scandinavia, Latin America etc. Valentin is also used as a surname in Spanish and German speaking-countries. Given name First name * Valentin Abel (born 1991), German politician * Valentin Alexandru (born 1991), Romanian footballer * Valentin Blass (born 1995), German basketball player * Valentin Bondarenko (1937–1961), Soviet fighter pilot * Valentin de Boulogne (before 1591 – 1632), French painter * Valentin Brunel (born 1996), French DJ known as Kungs * Valentin "Val" Brunn (born 1994), German electronic music producer and DJ known as Virtual Riot * Valentin Bosioc (born 1983), Romanian bodybuilder * ValentÃn Castellanos (born 1998), Argentine footballer * Valentin CeauÈ™escu (born 1948), Romanian physicist * Valentin Chmerkovskiy (born 1986), Ukrainian†... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
