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Kasturi Lal Chopra
Kasturi Lal Chopra (31 July 1933 – 18 May 2021) was an Indian materials physicist and a former director of the Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur. He was the founder of the ''Thin Film Laboratory'' at Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi and the ''Microscience Laboratory'' at IIT, Kharagpur and held several US and Indian patents (though no patents anywhere are identifiable for any worth) for his research findings. Author of a number of books on thin film technology, he was a recipient of Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize, the highest Indian award in the science and technology categories. The Government of India awarded him the fourth highest civilian honour of the Padma Shri, in 2008, for his contributions to science and engineering. Biography K. L. Chopra was born on 31 July 1933 at Chahal Kalan of the Gujranwala district of the pre-Independence state of Punjab to Jagat Ram and Chanan Devi Chopra. He studied science at the University of Delhi from which he graduated ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gujranwala District
Gujranwala District (Punjabi language, Punjabi and ur, ), is a Districts of Pakistan, district that is a part of the Majha region in Punjab (Pakistan), Punjab, Pakistan. Gujranwala District is bordered by the districts of Gujrat District, Gujrat, Sialkot District, Sialkot, Mandi Bahauddin District, Mandi Bahauddin, Hafizabad District, Hafizabad and Sheikhupura District, Sheikhupura. Gujranwala district has 6 National Assembly of Pakistan, National Assembly and 14 Punjab Assembly constituencies. History Gujranwala belongs to the Majha region of ancient Punjab. The village of Asarur has been identified as the location of Taki, an ancient town, visited by the Chinese pilgrim Hiuen Tsiang contains immense ruins of Buddhist origin. After the time of Tsiang little is known about Gujranwala till the Islamic conquests, by this time, however, Taki had fallen into oblivion while Lahore had become the capital of Punjab. The contemporary village of Asarur has been identified as the site ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of Delhi
Delhi University (DU), formally the University of Delhi, is a collegiate central university located in New Delhi, India. It was founded in 1922 by an Act of the Central Legislative Assembly and is recognized as an Institute of Eminence (IoE) by the University Grants Commission (UGC). As a collegiate university, its main functions are divided between the academic departments of the university and constituent colleges. Consisting of three colleges, two faculties, and 750 students at its founding, the University of Delhi has since become India's largest institution of higher learning and among the largest in the world. The university has 16 faculties and 86 departments distributed across its North and South campuses, and remaining colleges across the region. It has 91 constituent colleges. The Vice President of India serves as the university chancellor. History The University of Delhi was established in 1922 as a unitary, teaching and residential university by an Act of the the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Council Of Scientific And Industrial Research
The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (IAST: ''vaigyanik tathā audyogik anusandhāna pariṣada''), abbreviated as CSIR, was established by the Government of India in September 1942 as an autonomous body that has emerged as the largest research and development organisation in India. CSIR is also among the world's largest publicly funded R&D organisation which is pioneering sustained contribution to S&T human resource development in the country. , it runs 37 laboratories/institutes, 39 outreach centres, 3 Innovation Centres and 5 units throughout the nation, with a collective staff of over 14,000, including a total of 4,600 scientists and 8,000 technical and support personnel. Although it is mainly funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology, it operates as an autonomous body through the Societies Registration Act, 1860. The research and development activities of CSIR include aerospace engineering, structural engineering, ocean sciences, life sciences and he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nanomatter
* Nanomaterials describe, in principle, materials of which a single unit is sized (in at least one dimension) between 1 and 100 nm (the usual definition of nanoscale). Nanomaterials research takes a materials science-based approach to nanotechnology, leveraging advances in materials metrology and synthesis which have been developed in support of microfabrication research. Materials with structure at the nanoscale often have unique optical, electronic, thermo-physical or mechanical properties. Nanomaterials are slowly becoming commercialized and beginning to emerge as commodities. Definition In ISO/TS 80004, ''nanomaterial'' is defined as the "material with any external dimension in the nanoscale or having internal structure or surface structure in the nanoscale", with ''nanoscale'' defined as the "length range approximately from 1 nm to 100 nm". This includes both ''nano-objects'', which are discrete pieces of material, and ''nanostructured materials'', which have in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thin Films
A thin film is a layer of material ranging from fractions of a nanometer (monolayer) to several micrometers in thickness. The controlled synthesis of materials as thin films (a process referred to as deposition) is a fundamental step in many applications. A familiar example is the household mirror, which typically has a thin metal coating on the back of a sheet of glass to form a reflective interface. The process of silvering was once commonly used to produce mirrors, while more recently the metal layer is deposited using techniques such as sputtering. Advances in thin film deposition techniques during the 20th century have enabled a wide range of technological breakthroughs in areas such as magnetic recording media, electronic semiconductor devices, integrated passive devices, LEDs, optical coatings (such as antireflective coatings), hard coatings on cutting tools, and for both energy generation (e.g. thin-film solar cells) and storage ( thin-film batteries). It is also being ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indian Institute Of Technology Bhubaneswar
Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar (IIT Bhubaneswar) is a public technical university established by the government of India in 2008, located at Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. The institute admits a students for bachelor's, master's programs via JEE Advanced and Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering respectively. The permanent campus at Argul, Khordha District was inaugurated by the current prime minister of India, Narendra Modi on 24 December 2018. The area of research are on science, engineering and humanities. History Earlier controversy Establishing an IIT in Odisha was a long-standing demand for several decades. As the state ranked at the bottom in terms of centrally funded academic and research institutions, there were strong allegations of Congress led central government neglect. There were several incidents of protest, both locally in Odisha, the National Students Union of India (NSUI), and eminent nonresident Indian academics. An organization called Agamee Odish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
King Fahd University Of Petroleum And Minerals
King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM) ( ar, جامعة الملك فهد للبترول و المعادن, – short: ar, جامعة البترول ), after 1975 as the University of Petroleum and Minerals and initially as the College of Petroleum and Minerals, is a nonprofit institution in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. Among Saudi Arabian universities, its science, engineering, business, and management programs are highly regarded in the country as well as in the whole region. In 2022, KFUPM was ranked in the 163rd position according the QS World University Rankings, and was ranked the third university in the Arab region. The university was ranked fourth, by the American National Academy of Inventors, among the top 100 worldwide universities for granting US Utility Patents in 2019, and ranked 14th in 2020. Stanford University has recently released a list of the top 2 percent of the most-cited scientists in various disciplines. The exhaustive list has 186,177 researc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jaypee University Of Engineering And Technology
Jaypee University of Engineering and Technology (JUET), formerly Jaypee Institute of Engineering and Technology, is a private engineering University located at Raghogarh, Guna, Madhya Pradesh, India. University Status Jaypee University of Engineering & Technology, Raghogarh, Guna (M.P.) has been established under Madhya Pradesh Private University (Sthapana Avam Sanchalan) Samsodhan Adhiniyam 2010 vide Act No. 23 of 2010 published in Madhya Pradesh Gazette (Extraordinary) Notification Sr. No. 420 dated 13 August 2010. The university is approved by UGC under UGC Act, 1956, and is empowered to award degrees as specified under section 22 of UGC Act. * JUET has been accredited with grade "A" by NAAC * JUET Ranked Amongst India's Top Private Universities : Seasonal Magazine 2015 * AICTE and UGC Approved University * Approval/Membership - Association of Indian Universities Establishment of university by Madhya Pradesh Act No. 23 of 2010 - Madhya Pradedh Niji Vishwavidyalaya (Sthap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indian Institute Of Engineering Science And Technology, Shibpur
Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur (IIEST Shibpur), erstwhile Bengal Engineering College (also known as B.E. College), formerly Bengal Engineering and Science University (also known as BESU), is a public research university also a National Institute of Technology located at Shibpur, Howrah, West Bengal. Founded in 1856, it is one of the oldest public research university. It is recognised as an Institute of National Importance under MHRD by the Government of India. It is controlled by the Council of NITSER. History The college was founded as the Civil Engineering College on November 24, 1856, in Writers' Building, Calcutta (now Kolkata). The college was established as an independent entity in 1880 as ''Government College, Howrah,'' in the premises of Bishop's College in Shibpur, Howrah. In 1921, the name of the college was changed to ''Bengal Engineering College''. B.E. College was previously affiliated to the University of Calcutta. At that t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Solid State Physics
Solid-state physics is the study of rigid matter, or solids, through methods such as quantum mechanics, crystallography, electromagnetism, and metallurgy. It is the largest branch of condensed matter physics. Solid-state physics studies how the large-scale properties of solid materials result from their atomic-scale properties. Thus, solid-state physics forms a theoretical basis of materials science. It also has direct applications, for example in the technology of transistors and semiconductors. Background Solid materials are formed from densely packed atoms, which interact intensely. These interactions produce the mechanical (e.g. hardness and elasticity), thermal, electrical, magnetic and optical properties of solids. Depending on the material involved and the conditions in which it was formed, the atoms may be arranged in a regular, geometric pattern ( crystalline solids, which include metals and ordinary water ice) or irregularly (an amorphous solid such as common ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fritz Haber Institute Of The Max Planck Society
The Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society (FHI) is a science research institute located at the heart of the academic district of Dahlem, in Berlin, Germany. The original Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, founded in 1911, was incorporated into the Max Planck Society and simultaneously renamed for its first director, Fritz Haber, in 1953. The research topics covered throughout the history of the institute include chemical kinetics and reaction dynamics, colloid chemistry, atomic physics, spectroscopy, surface chemistry and surface physics, chemical physics and molecular physics, theoretical chemistry, and materials science. During World War I and World War II, the research of the institute was directed towards Germany's military needs. To the illustrious past members of the Institute belong Herbert Freundlich, James Franck, Paul Friedlander, Rudolf Ladenburg, Michael Polanyi, Eugene Wigner, Ladislaus Farkas, Hartmut Kallmann ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cornell University
Cornell University is a private statutory land-grant research university based in Ithaca, New York. It is a member of the Ivy League. Founded in 1865 by Ezra Cornell and Andrew Dickson White, Cornell was founded with the intention to teach and make contributions in all fields of knowledge—from the classics to the sciences, and from the theoretical to the applied. These ideals, unconventional for the time, are captured in Cornell's founding principle, a popular 1868 quotation from founder Ezra Cornell: "I would found an institution where any person can find instruction in any study." Cornell is ranked among the top global universities. The university is organized into seven undergraduate colleges and seven graduate divisions at its main Ithaca campus, with each college and division defining its specific admission standards and academic programs in near autonomy. The university also administers three satellite campuses, two in New York City and one in Education City, Qatar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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