Kasturi Lal Chopra

Kasturi Lal Chopra (31 July 1933 – 18 May 2021) was an Indian materials physicist and a former director of the Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur. He was the founder of the ''Thin Film Laboratory'' at Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi and the ''Microscience Laboratory'' at IIT, Kharagpur and held several US and Indian patents (though no patents anywhere are identifiable for any worth) for his research findings. Author of a number of books on thin film technology, he was a recipient of Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize, the highest Indian award in the science and technology categories. The Government of India awarded him the fourth highest civilian honour of the Padma Shri, in 2008, for his contributions to science and engineering.

Biography

K. L. Chopra was born on 31 July 1933 at Chahal Kalan of the Gujranwala district of the pre-Independence state of Punjab to Jagat Ram and Chanan Devi Chopra. He studied science at the University of Delhi from which he graduated with honors in physics in 1952, and followed it up with a master's degree from the same university in 1954. He pursued his doctoral studies at the University of British Columbia on a fellowship and secured his PhD in ''low temperature physics'' in 1957. Continuing his stay in the North America, he served as a defence research fellow at the Royal Military College of Canada (1957–59) and as a staff scientist at Philco-Ford Scientific Laboratory (1962–64) and Ledgemont Laboratory of Kennecott Copper Corporation (1964–70), during which time he also took up academic positions as an adjunct professor at Northeastern University and as a visiting professor at Cornell University. Concurrently, he served as a consultant to IBM, Westinghouse and ARCO and had a short stint at Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Berlin (1959–62) in between, as their fellow. Returning to India, he was appointed as a senior professor of solid state physics at the Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi in 1970 where he served till 1987, holding positions such as that of the Head of Department of Physics (1970–73), Dean of the Faculty of Science (1973–74), Chair and Dean Industrial Research and Development (1975–76), Dean of the Post Graduate Studies and Research (1976–79), Head of the Centre for Energy Studies (1983–85), Senior Professor of Physics and Head of the ''Thin Film Solid State Technology Laboratory'' and the Dean of Industrial Research and Development (1985–87) till his superannuation in 1987.

Chopra was invited to head the Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur in 1987 and worked there till 1997 as the Director of the Institution when he was appointed as the Chair Professor of Renewable Energy at Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency (IREDA), a post he held till 2000. After retiring from active service in 2000, he continues his association with many scientific and academic institutions and chairs HDF School of Management, Bhubaneswar and Budge Budge Institute of Technology, Kolkata while holding the distinguished chair professorship of Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur (formerly known as BESU, Kolkata). He was also an adviser to the ''Thin Film Laboratory'' of IIT, Delhi, and Jaypee University of Engineering and Technology, Madhya Pradesh. He was the founder member of the Society for Scientific Values, an organization serving as a watchdog for promoting integrity and ethics in scientific pursuit, and served as its president and then patron until his death. He served as the vice president of the Materials Research Society of India and was a life member of the society. He was also a former member of the council of the Indian National Science Academy (1988–90) and served as an honorary professor at King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Saudi Arabia, IIT Delhi, IIEST Shibpur and Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar.

He died on 19 May 2021 following an infection with COVID-19.He and his wife also had Bilateral knee osteoarthritis.

Legacy

Working on thin films and nanomatter, Chopra did pioneering studies through which he established ''specular scattering of electrons in epitaxial metal films'', discovered ''field induced nucleation and growth process'' as well as ''giant photocontraction effect in amorphous chalcogenide films'', developed ''semiconducting metallopolymer films'' and proposed new process protocols for low dimensional nanomaterials and high temperature superconductors. He published his findings through more than 430 research articles and ten books, which include ''Thin film phenomena'', ''Thin Film Solar Cells'', ''Thin Film Device Applications'' and ''Vacuum Science and Technology''. He also edited two books, ''Thin Film Technology and Applications: International Workshop, New Delhi, Nov. 1984, Proceedings'' and ''Thin Films 7: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Thin Films, New Delhi, India, December 7–11, 1987''. He held six US patents and eight of his know-hows are in use with Indian industries. Besides, he mentored 100 MTech and 60 PhD students in their researches and served as a member of the editorial boards of many journals. It was during his tenure as the head of the institution, the ''Thin Film Laboratory'' of IIT Delhi and ''Microscience Laboratory'' of IIT Kharagpur were established.

Awards and honors

During his stay in the US, Chopra received four patent awards from Kennecott Copper Corporation between 1966 and 1970. The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research awarded him Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize, the highest Indian award in the science and engineering categories, in 1975. He received FICCI Award in 1983 and two more awards in 1989, Bhabha Award of the University Grants Commission and Om Prakash Bhasin Award. The Indian Vacuum Society awarded him Distinguished Vacuum Scientist Award in 1994, and the next year, he received the Distinguished Material Scientist Award of the Materials Research Society of India, the highest award of the society. The Indian National Science Academy awarded him the Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis Medal in 1996 and the Aryabhata Medal in 2004. In between, he received two awards, the Lifetime Achievement Award of the Solar Energy Society of India and ISI Citation Laureate Award. The Government of India included him in the Republic Day honors list for the civilian honor of the Padma Shri in 2008 and he received the Distinguished Engineering Educator Award of the Indian Society of Mechanical Engineers, the same year. He is also a recipient of the Freedom of the Institute Award of the IIIT Delhi and Distinguished Academician Award of Indian Institute of Technology Patna.

The Indian National Science Academy elected Chopra as their fellow in 1978 and the Indian Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Sciences, India followed suit in 1980 and 1988 respectively. He was also an elected fellow of the Indian National Academy of Engineering, Asian Pacific Society for Materials Research and the American Physical Society and an honorary fellow of Punjab Academy of Sciences. Uttar Pradesh Technical University conferred the degree of Doctor of Science ( honoris causa) on him in 2006, followed by the Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur in 2010. He delivered several award orations and keynote addresses including K. S. Krishnan Memorial Award Lecture of the Indian National Science Academy (1992), Biren Roy Memorial Lecture Award (1997), Institute Lecture on ''Ethical Values in Science and Technology'' of the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur (2008) and D. S. Kothari Memorial Oration Award of the Defence Laboratory, Jodhpur (2009).

Selected bibliography

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See also

* Scientific plagiarism in India

References

File:Prof Chopra as Chief Guest at DCE presenting an award to a student.jpg
File:Barna, Peter, Chopra, & Dhere puszta 1983 - at an international conference in Budapest, Hungary.jpg
File:Prof K.L. Chopra & Prof M.S. Sodha on receiving Freedom of the Institute (IIT Delhi) Award.jpg
File:ABET-Group Accreditation Visit at Vellore Institute of Technology.jpg
File:Prof K.L. Chopra walking to receive Padmashri award.jpg
File:Prof Chopra as Chief Guest at Convocation at Dhronacharya College of Engineering.jpg
File:Prof K.L. Chopra inaugurating a conference on Nanoscience & Nanotechnology at Delhi Technical University.jpg
File:Prof Chopra at the Thin Film Lab, IIT Delhi, Picnic with colleagues and families.jpg
File:Prof.Chopra,Chief Guest of the Haryana State University Convocation,being received by the VC Prof. Dahiya.jpg
File:Hon'ble A.P.J.Kalam honoring Prof.Chopra with 'Friend of IIT Patna'award at its First Convocation.jpg
File:Prof Chopra attending the court meeting of CUJ chaired by the Honorable Governor Mr. N.N. Vohra.jpg
File:Prof Chopra, Pres. Society for Scientific Values, with Former President Dr.A.P.J. Kalam delivering Dr. A.S. Paintel Memorial Lecture of The Society for Scientific Values.jpg
File:Inauguration of Nanoscience conference at DTU.jpg
File:Group photo of Padmashri Awardees.jpg
File:With Nobel Laureate Klaus von Klitzing at ICTF-87 organized by TFL, IIT Delhi.jpg
File:Rath Yatra 2012.png
File:At Delhi Technical University with the Vice Chancellor for inauguration of a function.jpg
File:Prof.Surinder Prashad,Director IIT Delhi,at the Padma Shri felicitation at IIT Delhi.jpg

External links

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Chopra, Kasturi Lal
Recipients of the Padma Shri in science & engineering
1933 births
People from Nawanshahr
People from Gujranwala District
Delhi University alumni
University of British Columbia Faculty of Science alumni
Royal Military College of Canada alumni
Northeastern University faculty
Cornell University faculty
Max Planck Society people
IIT Delhi faculty
IIT Kharagpur faculty
King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals faculty
Indian materials scientists
20th-century Indian physicists
Indian scientific authors
Fellows of the Indian National Science Academy
Fellows of the Indian Academy of Sciences
Fellows of The National Academy of Sciences, India
Fellows of the American Physical Society
Recipients of the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Award in Engineering Science
Living people
Scientists from Punjab, India