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Kai Monarch
The Kai monarch (''Symposiachrus leucurus''), or white-tailed monarch, is a species of bird in the family Monarchidae. It is endemic to the Kai Islands. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. It is threatened by habitat loss. Taxonomy and systematics This species was originally described in the genus ''Monarcha'' until moved to ''Symposiachrus'' in 2009. Some authorities have considered both the Tanahjampea monarch and the Buru monarch to be subspecies of the white-tailed monarch. References Kai monarch Birds of the Kai Islands Kai monarch Kai monarch The Kai monarch (''Symposiachrus leucurus''), or white-tailed monarch, is a species of bird in the family Monarchidae. It is endemic to the Kai Islands. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. It is threatened by ha ... Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{Monarchidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Robert Gray
George Robert Gray FRS (8 July 1808 – 6 May 1872) was an English zoologist and author, and head of the ornithological section of the British Museum, now the Natural History Museum, in London for forty-one years. He was the younger brother of the zoologist John Edward Gray and the son of the botanist Samuel Frederick Gray. George Gray's most important publication was his ''Genera of Birds'' (1844–49), illustrated by David William Mitchell and Joseph Wolf, which included 46,000 references. Biography He was born in Little Chelsea, London, to Samuel Frederick Gray, naturalist and pharmacologist, and Elizabeth (née Forfeit), his wife. He was educated at Merchant Taylor's School. Gray started at the British Museum as Assistant Keeper of the Zoology Branch in 1831. He began by cataloguing insects, and published an ''Entomology of Australia'' (1833) and contributed the entomogical section to an English edition of Georges Cuvier's ''Animal Kingdom''. Gray described many spec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bird
Birds are a group of warm-blooded vertebrates constituting the class Aves (), characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong yet lightweight skeleton. Birds live worldwide and range in size from the bee hummingbird to the ostrich. There are about ten thousand living species, more than half of which are passerine, or "perching" birds. Birds have whose development varies according to species; the only known groups without wings are the extinct moa and elephant birds. Wings, which are modified forelimbs, gave birds the ability to fly, although further evolution has led to the loss of flight in some birds, including ratites, penguins, and diverse endemic island species. The digestive and respiratory systems of birds are also uniquely adapted for flight. Some bird species of aquatic environments, particularly seabirds and some waterbirds, have further evolved for swimming. B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monarchidae
The monarchs (family Monarchidae) comprise a family of over 100 passerine birds which includes shrikebills, paradise flycatchers, and magpie-larks. Monarchids are small insectivorous songbirds with long tails. They inhabit forest or woodland across sub-Saharan Africa, south-east Asia, Australasia and a number of Pacific islands. Only a few species migrate. Many species decorate their cup-shaped nests with lichen. Taxonomy and systematics Some of the one hundred or more species making up the family were previously assigned to other groups, largely on the basis of general morphology or behaviour. The magpie-lark, for example, was assigned to the same family as the white-winged chough, since both build unusual nests from mud rather than vegetable matter. That family, Grallinidae, is now considered a synonym of Monarchidae. It was formerly considered to have four species. The magpie-lark and the torrent-lark were moved into Monarchidae, into the genus ''Grallina'', on the basis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Endemism
Endemism is the state of a species being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere. For example, the Cape sugarbird is found exclusively in southwestern South Africa and is therefore said to be ''endemic'' to that particular part of the world. An endemic species can be also be referred to as an ''endemism'' or in scientific literature as an ''endemite''. For example '' Cytisus aeolicus'' is an endemite of the Italian flora. '' Adzharia renschi'' was once believed to be an endemite of the Caucasus, but it was later discovered to be a non-indigenous species from South America belonging to a different genus. The extreme opposite of an endemic species is one with a cosmopolitan distribution, having a global or widespread range. A rare alternative term for a species that is endemic is "precinctive", which applies to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kai Islands
The Kai Islands (also Kei Islands) of Indonesia are a group of islands in the southeastern part of the Maluku Islands, located in the province of Maluku (province), Maluku. The Moluccas have been known as the Spice Islands due to regionally specific plants such as nutmeg, mace (spice), mace, and cloves that originally intrigued the European nations of the 16th century. Though originally Melanesians, Melanesian, many islanders were exterminated in the 17th century during the Dutch–Portuguese War, spice wars, particularly in the Banda Islands. A second influx of Austronesian peoples, Austronesian immigrants began in the early 20th century under the Dutch East Indies, Dutch and continued in the Indonesian era. Administrative divisions The Kai Islands consist of the two distinct second-tier administrations, both in Maluku Province. The Southeast Maluku Regency (Maluku Tenggara) is sub-divided into eleven administrative Districts of Indonesia, districts (''kecamatan''). Though ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Habitat
In ecology, the term habitat summarises the array of resources, physical and biotic factors that are present in an area, such as to support the survival and reproduction of a particular species. A species habitat can be seen as the physical manifestation of its ecological niche. Thus "habitat" is a species-specific term, fundamentally different from concepts such as environment or vegetation assemblages, for which the term "habitat-type" is more appropriate. The physical factors may include (for example): soil, moisture, range of temperature, and light intensity. Biotic factors will include the availability of food and the presence or absence of predators. Every species has particular habitat requirements, with habitat generalist species able to thrive in a wide array of environmental conditions while habitat specialist species requiring a very limited set of factors to survive. The habitat of a species is not necessarily found in a geographical area, it can be the interior ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Forest
A forest is an area of land dominated by trees. Hundreds of definitions of forest are used throughout the world, incorporating factors such as tree density, tree height, land use, legal standing, and ecological function. The United Nations' Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) defines a forest as, "Land spanning more than 0.5 hectares with trees higher than 5 meters and a canopy cover of more than 10 percent, or trees able to reach these thresholds ''in situ''. It does not include land that is predominantly under agricultural or urban use." Using this definition, '' Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020'' (FRA 2020) found that forests covered , or approximately 31 percent of the world's land area in 2020. Forests are the predominant terrestrial ecosystem of Earth, and are found around the globe. More than half of the world's forests are found in only five countries (Brazil, Canada, China, Russia, and the United States). The largest share of forests (45 percent) are in th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Habitat Loss
Habitat destruction (also termed habitat loss and habitat reduction) is the process by which a natural habitat becomes incapable of supporting its native species. The organisms that previously inhabited the site are displaced or dead, thereby reducing biodiversity and species abundance. Habitat destruction is the leading cause of biodiversity loss. Fragmentation and loss of habitat have become one of the most important topics of research in ecology as they are major threats to the survival of endangered species. Activities such as harvesting natural resources, industrial production and urbanization are human contributions to habitat destruction. Pressure from agriculture is the principal human cause. Some others include mining, logging, trawling, and urban sprawl. Habitat destruction is currently considered the primary cause of species extinction worldwide. Environmental factors can contribute to habitat destruction more indirectly. Geological processes, climate change, introdu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monarcha
''Monarcha'' is a genus of bird in the family Monarchidae. They are found in Australia and Melanesia. Taxonomy and systematics The genus ''Monarcha'' was introduced by naturalists Nicholas Vigors and Thomas Horsfield in 1827 with the black-faced monarch (''Monarcha melanopsis'') as the type species. The genus formerly included many more species. Based on the results of a molecular phylogenetic study published in 2005 nineteen species were moved to the resurrected genus '' Symposiachrus'' and three to ''Carterornis''. Extant species The genus ''Monarcha'' contains the following nine species: * Island monarch (''Monarcha cinerascens'') * Black-faced monarch (''Monarcha melanopsis'') * Black-winged monarch (''Monarcha frater'') * Bougainville monarch (''Monarcha erythrostictus'') * Chestnut-bellied monarch (''Monarcha castaneiventris'') * White-capped monarch (''Monarcha richardsii'') * Yap monarch (''Monarcha godeffroyi'') * Tinian monarch (''Monarcha takatsukasae'') ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tanahjampea Monarch
The Tanahjampea monarch or white-tipped monarch (''Symposiachrus everetti'') is a species of bird in the family Monarchidae. The scientific name commemorates British colonial administrator and zoological collector Alfred Hart Everett. Taxonomy and systematics This species was originally described in the genus ''Monarcha'' until moved to ''Symposiachrus'' in 2009. Alternate names include Djampea monarch and Everett's monarch. Some authorities have considered the Tanahjampea monarch to be a subspecies of the Kai monarch. Distribution and habitat It is endemic to Indonesia's Tanah Jampea, the second largest of the Selayar Islands group in the Flores Sea. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest, subtropical or tropical mangrove forest and subtropical or tropical moist shrubland. It is threatened by habitat loss. References External linksImage at ADW Tanahjampea monarch Endemic birds of Sulawesi Tanahjampea monarch The Tanahjampea monarch or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buru Monarch
The Buru monarch (''Symposiachrus loricatus'') is a species of bird in the family Monarchidae. It is endemic to Indonesia. Taxonomy and systematics This species was formerly placed in the genus ''Monarcha'' until moved to ''Symposiachrus'' in 2009. Some authorities have considered the black-tipped monarch to be a subspecies of the Kai monarch. Alternate names include Buru Island monarch and black-tipped monarch. Distribution and habitat The Buru monarch is found in the southern Moluccas. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. Status The species occupy an area of larger than 20,000 km2 and have a stable population of above 10,000, and thus are not considered as threatened. References Buru monarch Birds of Buru Buru monarch The Buru monarch (''Symposiachrus loricatus'') is a species of bird in the family Monarchidae. It is endemic to Indonesia. Taxonomy and systematics This species w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Symposiachrus
''Symposiachrus'' is a genus of birds in the family Monarchidae. Most species are endemic to islands in Melanesia but the spectacled monarch is widely distributed and occurs in parts of Indonesia and western Australia. The genus was previously lumped together in the genus ''Monarcha''. Taxonomy and systematics Based on the results of a molecular phylogenetic study published in 2005, the genus ''Monarcha'' was split and 19 species moved to the resurrected genus ''Symposiachrus'' that had been introduced by the French naturalist Charles Lucien Bonaparte in 1854 with the spectacled monarch (''Symposiachrus trivirgatus'') as the type species. The genus name ''Symposiachrus'' combines the Ancient Greek συν/''sun'' meaning "together", ποσις/''posis'' meaning "husband" and αχρως/''akhrōs'' meaning "pallid". The genus ''Symposiachrus'' contains the following twenty–one species: * Black monarch (''Symposiachrus axillaris'') * Spot-winged monarch (''Symposiachrus guttula'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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