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Kōchikai
is a leading faction within Japan's Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), founded by bureaucrat-turned-politician Ikeda Hayato in 1957. Currently headed by Japanese prime minister Fumio Kishida, it has produced five prime ministers (Ikeda, Masayoshi Ōhira, Zenkō Suzuki, Kiichi Miyazawa, and Kishida), two LDP presidents (Yōhei Kōno and Sadakazu Tanigaki), and a large number of cabinet officeholders. One of the most moderate factions within the conservative LDP, the Kōchikai faction has typically supported a dovish foreign policy, including diplomatic engagement, preservation of Article 9 of the Japanese Constitution forbidding Japan from having a military, and close relations with the United States. In terms of domestic policy, Kōchikai has tended to support moderate efforts to combat income inequality and expand or strengthen the social safety net in ways consistent with fostering economic growth. Among the interest groups in the LDP's base, the Kōchikai faction tends to draw su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shigesaburō Maeo
was a Japanese bureaucrat and politician who served as Secretary-General of the Liberal Democratic Party from 1961 to 1964, and was the 58th Speaker of the House of Representatives in the National Diet from 1973 to 1976. In addition, Maeo was a member of prime minister Hayato Ikeda's "brain trust" in 1960 that helped formulate the Income Doubling Plan. After Ikeda died in 1965, Maeo served as the second head of the Kōchikai political faction within the Liberal Democratic Party, a post he held until 1971. Life and career Shigesaburō Maeo was born into poverty in the seaside town of Miyazu in Kyoto prefecture in 1905. His father ran a pottery business, and his mother had no formal education. An avid reader, Maeo did well in school. Maeo's family could not afford to send him to middle school, but luckily a local doctor stepped in and paid his tuition. In his final year of middle school, Maeo passed the extremely difficult examination to enter the First High School in Tokyo. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Factions In The Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)
are an accepted part of the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) (自由民主党 ''Jiyū-Minshutō''), the ruling party of Japan, which began with eight formal factions when it was first formed by merger in 1955. A political faction may be defined as a sub-group within a larger organization. While factions characterize other political parties in Pacific Asia, Japanese factionalism is distinguished by its stability and institutionalization. Although factions reconstitute themselves from time to time, the ''habatsu'' active today can be traced back to their 1955 roots, a testament to the stability and institutionalized nature of Liberal Democratic Party factions. Faction leaders offer their followers services without which the followers would find it difficult to survive politically. Leaders provide funds for the day-to-day operation of Diet members' offices and staff as well as financial support during expensive election campaigns. The operating allowances provided by the government ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)
The , frequently abbreviated to LDP or , is a conservativeThe Liberal Democratic Party is widely described as conservative: * * * * * List of political parties in Japan, political party in Japan. The LDP has been in power almost continuously since its foundation in 1955—a period called the 1955 System—except between 1993 and 1994, and again from 2009 to 2012. In the 2012 Japanese general election, 2012 election, it regained control of the government. After the 2021 Japanese general election, 2021 and 2022 Japanese House of Councillors election, 2022 elections it holds 261 seats in the House of Representatives (Japan), House of Representatives and 119 seats in the House of Councillors (Japan), House of Councillors, and in coalition with Komeito since 1999, a governing majority in both houses. The LDP is often described as a big tent conservative party, with several different ideological factions. The party's history and internal composition have been characterized by intense ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fumio Kishida
is a Japanese politician serving as Prime Minister of Japan and president of the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) since 2021. A member of the House of Representatives, he previously served as Minister for Foreign Affairs from 2012 to 2017 and as acting Minister of Defense in 2017. From 2017 to 2020, he also chaired the LDP Policy Research Council. Born into a political family, Kishida spent part of his childhood in the United States where he attended elementary school in New York City. After beginning his career in finance, Kishida entered politics and was elected to the House of Representatives in 1993 as a member of the LDP. Kishida was appointed to various posts in the cabinets of Prime Ministers Shinzo Abe and Yasuo Fukuda from 2007 to 2008, and was appointed Minister for Foreign Affairs in 2012 after Abe regained the premiership following the 2012 general election, serving for five years and becoming the longest-serving Foreign Affairs Minister in Japanese history. Kishi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hayato Ikeda
was a Japanese bureaucrat and later politician who served as Prime Minister of Japan from 1960 to 1964. He is best known for his Income Doubling Plan, which promised to double Japan's GDP in ten years. Ikeda is also known for repairing U.S.-Japan relations and Japanese domestic political rifts after the contentious 1960 Anpo Protests, and for presiding over the 1964 Tokyo Olympics. Early life Ikeda was born on 3 December 1899, in Yoshina, Hiroshima Prefecture (present-day Takehara, Hiroshima), the youngest child of Goichirō Ikeda and his wife Ume. He had six siblings. He attended Kyoto Imperial University and joined the Ministry of Finance following graduation in 1925. While at the Ministry, he served as the head of the local tax offices in Hakodate and Utsunomiya. During his time in the latter role, in 1929, he contracted pemphigus foliaceus and went on sick leave for two years, formally resigning in 1931 once his sick leave had run out. The condition was cured by 1934. H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ikeda Hayato
was a Japanese bureaucrat and later politician who served as Prime Minister of Japan from 1960 to 1964. He is best known for his Income Doubling Plan, which promised to double Japan's GDP in ten years. Ikeda is also known for repairing U.S.-Japan relations and Japanese domestic political rifts after the contentious 1960 Anpo Protests, and for presiding over the 1964 Tokyo Olympics. Early life Ikeda was born on 3 December 1899, in Yoshina, Hiroshima Prefecture (present-day Takehara, Hiroshima), the youngest child of Goichirō Ikeda and his wife Ume. He had six siblings. He attended Kyoto Imperial University and joined the Ministry of Finance following graduation in 1925. While at the Ministry, he served as the head of the local tax offices in Hakodate and Utsunomiya. During his time in the latter role, in 1929, he contracted pemphigus foliaceus and went on sick leave for two years, formally resigning in 1931 once his sick leave had run out. The condition was cured by 1934. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kiichi Miyazawa
was a Japanese politician who served as Prime Minister of Japan from 1991 to 1993. He was a member of the National Diet of Japan for over 50 years. Early life and education Miyazawa was born into a wealthy, politically active family in Fukuyama, Hiroshima, on 8 October 1919, as the eldest son of politician Yutaka Miyazawa and his wife Koto. His father was a member of the Diet, and his mother was the daughter of politician Ogawa Heikichi, who served as Minister of Justice and Minister of Railways. Following the 1923 Great Kantō earthquake, Miyazawa lived at his grandfather Ogawa Heikichi's villa Kasuian in Hiratsuka. At the time, his father Yutaka worked for Yamashita Kisen, whilst planning to move his political career from Hiroshima Prefecture to the National Diet. Miyazawa graduated from Tokyo Imperial University with a degree in law. Career In 1942, Miyazawa joined the Ministry of Finance, avoiding military service during World War II. While in the Ministry, he became a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Masayoshi Ōhira
was a Japanese politician who was Prime Minister of Japan from 1978 to 1980. Ōhira's time in office was cut short when he died in office; he remains the most recent Japanese Prime Minister to die in office. Early life Masayoshi Ōhira was born on 12 March 1910, in Wada, Kagawa Prefecture (present-day Kan'onji, Kagawa), the third son of farmer Toshiyoshi Ōhira and his wife Saku. His father was a representative of the village council and the irrigation union although he had not received any education. He had eight siblings (two elder brothers, three elder sisters, a younger brother and a younger sister) but the eldest of the sisters had died before her first birthday and one of his elder brothers had died at age two. Ōhira referred to himself as "the son of an impoverished farmer of Sanuki" but in reality his family was middle-class. But even then, the parents had a hard time supporting their six children, and Ōhira assisted their side job from a young age. In 1926, when he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zentarō Kosaka
was a Japanese politician who served two terms as foreign minister and as labour minister. Early life and education Hailing from Nagano Prefecture, Kosaka was born into a politician family on 23 January 1912. His grandfather, Zennosuke Kosaka, was the founder of the daily ''Shinano Mainichi'' and a politician. His father, Junzo Kosaka, was also a politician. His younger brother, Tokusaburo Kosaka, was a leading politician of the Liberal Democratic Party. Zentaro Kosaka was a graduate of Tokyo University of Commerce (present-day Hitotsubashi University). Career After graduation, Kosaka began his career at the Mitsubishi Bank. Then he worked for Shin-Etsu Chemical which was established by his father, Junzo Kosaka. Later he joined the Liberal Democratic Party. In the party he was part of the Kōchikai faction headed by Hayato Ikeda. Kosaka first became a member of the House of Representatives in 1946, being a representative for the Nagano Prefecture. He served in the Lower House ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sadakazu Tanigaki
is a Japanese politician who served as a member of the House of Representatives from 1983 to 2016, as Minister of Finance from 2003 to 2006, as President of the Liberal Democratic Party and Leader of the Opposition from 2009 to 2012, as Minister of Justice from 2012 to 2014, and as LDP Secretary-General from 2014 to 2016. He was only the second LDP leader who was not simultaneously Prime Minister of Japan. He retired from politics following a spinal cord injury in 2016 that saw him using a wheelchair. Early life and education Tanigaki was born in Fukuchiyama on 7 March 1945. He attended Azabu High School. He graduated from the faculty of law at the University of Tokyo in 1974, and worked as a secretary for his father, who was the then minister of education. He went on to pass the Japanese bar examination in 1979, specializing in tax law, and he registered as an attorney in 1982 after completing his legal training.''Japan Times'', "Fukuda's new lineup", 3 August 2008. Political ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zenkō Suzuki
was a Japanese politician who was Prime Minister of Japan from 1980 to 1982. He was the last prime minister to have been born in the Meiji era. Early life and education Suzuki was born on 11 January 1911, Yamada, Iwate Prefecture, the eldest son of a fishery owner. He graduated from Tokyo University of Fisheries in 1935. Career Suzuki joined the Liberal Party in 1948, and helped merge it with another right of center party to establish the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) in 1955. He was Minister of Health from 1965 to 1966, and Minister of Agriculture & Fisheries from 1976 to 1977. Suzuki was appointed Prime Minister following the sudden death of Masayoshi Ōhira, who died of a heart attack during a general election campaign. The sympathy vote generated by Ohira's death resulted in a landslide for the ruling LDP, handing Suzuki the largest parliamentary majority any Prime Minister had enjoyed for many years. He chose not to run for reelection to the presidency of the LDP in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Masahiro Yasuoka
was a Japanese scholar of yangmingism who, through his philosophy, reportedly exerted considerable influence on many Japanese politicians, including postwar prime ministers of Japan. He has been considered a backroom power broker or eminence grise. Early life He was born in Osaka city on February 13, 1898. When he was a child his parents taught him to read the Chinese classics, the Four Books (''The Great Learning'', ''Doctrine of the Mean'', ''The Analects of Confucius'', and ''Mencius''). He studied at Tokyo Imperial University and his graduation paper ''A study of Wang Yangming '' caught the attention of many intellectuals and politicians of the era. After graduating in 1922, he worked for six months at the Ministry of Education. He established an institute of Asian studies and insisted on the traditional nationalism of Japan when Taishō democracy was in vogue (1912–1926). While working as an instructor at the Department of Asian Thought, Takushoku University, he wrote ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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