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Kurchatov Medal
The Kurchatov Medal, or the Gold Medal in honour of Igor Kurchatov is an award given for outstanding achievements in nuclear physics and in the field of nuclear energy. The USSR Academy of Sciences established this award on February 9, 1960 in honour of Igor Kurchatov and in recognition of his lifetime contributions to the fields of nuclear physics, nuclear energy and nuclear engineering. In the USSR, the Kurchatov Medal award was given every three years starting in 1962. Honorarium was included as part of the award through 1989. Later in Russia, the Kurchatov Gold Medal award has been resumed, and the medal has been given since 1998. Soviet award recipients SourceRussian Academy of Sciences*1962: Pyotr Spivak and Yuri Prokoviev *1965: Yuriy Prokoshkin, Vladimir Rykalin, Valentin Petruhin and Anatoly Danubians *1968: Anatoly Aleksandrov *1971: Isaak Kikoin *1974: Julii Khariton and Savely Moiseevich Feinberg *1977: Yakov Zeldovich and {{ill, Fyodor Shapiro, ru, Шапи ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nuclear Physics
Nuclear physics is the field of physics that studies atomic nuclei and their constituents and interactions, in addition to the study of other forms of nuclear matter. Nuclear physics should not be confused with atomic physics, which studies the atom as a whole, including its electrons. Discoveries in nuclear physics have led to applications in many fields. This includes nuclear power, nuclear weapons, nuclear medicine and magnetic resonance imaging, industrial and agricultural isotopes, ion implantation in materials engineering, and radiocarbon dating in geology and archaeology. Such applications are studied in the field of nuclear engineering. Particle physics evolved out of nuclear physics and the two fields are typically taught in close association. Nuclear astrophysics, the application of nuclear physics to astrophysics, is crucial in explaining the inner workings of stars and the origin of the chemical elements. History The history of nuclear physics as a discipl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isai Izrailevich Gurevich
''Isai'' () is a 2015 Indian Tamil-language musical psychological thriller film co-produced, written, directed and composed by S. J. Suryah, making his comeback as a director after a 10-year hiatus since 2005. The film stars himself in the lead role with debutant Sulagna in a female lead and Sathyaraj as the main antagonist. The story is about the tiff between Vetriselvan (Sathyaraj) and A. K. Shiva (Surya), the two music composers in the film industry. The film marked the debut of S. J. Surya, as a music director, with cinematography handled by Soundararajan and editing by K. M. Riyas. The project was announced on 2004, after the release of ''New'', with other two projects, which failed to materialize, and the film went on floors from 25 May 2012. The film which is touted to be of a new genre musical-thriller, released on 30 January 2015, to positive reviews from critics and ended up with commercial success at the box office. Plot Vetriselvan (Sathyaraj) is an established and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yevgeny Avrorin
Yevgeny Nikolayevich Avrorin (Russian: Евгений Николаевич Aврорин, 11 July 1932– 9 January 2018), , was a Russian physicist whose career was spent in the former Soviet program of nuclear weapons. Biography Avrorin was born in Leningrad, Soviet Union (now Saint Petersburg in Russia), on 11 July 1932. In 1949, he went to study physics at the Leningrad University and later the University of Kharkiv in Ukraine. In 1952, his family return to Moscow and he went to attend the Moscow State University, and graduate with specialist degree in physics in 1954–55. In 1956, he began preparing his thesis based on RDS-37 studies and was awarded the Doktor Nauk (Russian PhD) on 7 March 1974. Avrorin was directed to KB-11 ('Design Bureau-11), now called All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Experimental Physics (RFNC-VNIIEF)) in the closed city of Sarov, Nizhny Novgorod region. There he worked on the Soviet hydrogen bomb programme. In 1955, he joined the new NII- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oleg Gennadievich Filatov
Oleg (russian: Олег), Oleh ( uk, Олег), or Aleh ( be, Алег) is an East Slavic given name. The name is very common in Russia, Ukraine and Belаrus. It derives from the Old Norse ''Helgi'' ( Helge), meaning "holy", "sacred", or "blessed". The feminine equivalent is Olga. While Germanic in origin, "Oleg" is not very common outside Eastern European countries. Russian pronunciation Олег (Oleg) is pronounced ˈlʲekin Russian. The English pronunciation of Oleg is based on the transliteration of the Cyrillic alphabet, and overlooks three key features of the Russian pronunciation: # The stress is on the second syllable. In spoken Russian, the initial short unstressed 'O' is reduced to similar to the 'a' as in 'about'. # The 'л' (l) becomes palatalized to ʲ─ that is, it gains a 'y'-like quality, and but is still most closely approximated by a plain English 'l'. # The word-final final 'г' (g) is devoiced to Thus, rather than "Oh-leg", the phonetically clo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yuri Trutnev (scientist)
Yuri Alexeyevich Trutnev (russian: Юрий Алексеевич Трутнев; 2 November 1927 – 6 August 2021) was a Russian physicist and a professor of engineering at the National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute). His career in physics spent in the former Soviet program of development of nuclear weapons and was one the designers in the RDS-37 (the Soviet Union's first two-stage thermonuclear device), and the RDS-220 (the largest-ever-yield nuclear device) and many other nuclear charges. Career He graduated from the Physics department of the Leningrad State University. In 1951, he was sent to Arzamas-16, also known as KB-11 (English: Design Bureau-11), now the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Experimental Physics (VNIIEF), in the closed city of Sarov, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast. He was one of the main authors of the final report concerning the configuration and feasibility calculations of the RDS-37, which was detonated ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nikolay Dollezhal
Nikolay Antonovich Dollezhal (russian: Николай Антонович Доллежа́ль; – 20 November 2000) was a Russian engineer of Czechs, Czech origin whose career was spent in the former Soviet atomic bomb project, Soviet program of nuclear weapons and later played an influential role in developing the Nuclear power in Russia, commercial nuclear power industry of Russia. Biography Dollezhal was born in Omelnik in Ekaterinoslav Governorate of the Zaporizhzhia Oblast in Dnieper Ukraine, Ukraine on 27 October 1899. According to the GlobalSecurity.org, ''GlobalSecurity.org'' investigations, Dollezhal was of Czech people, Czech origin—his grandfather, Ferdinand Dollezhal, a Czech, was also an engineer who married a Russian woman in the middle 19th century. In 1917, he attended the Bauman Moscow State Technical University (MVTU) where he studied heat engines, thermodynamics, hydrodynamics, electronics, heat exchanger and refrigeration under Nikolay Zhukovsky (scienti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aleksey Ogloblin
Alexey, Alexei, Alexie, Aleksei, or Aleksey (russian: Алексе́й ; bg, Алексей ) is a Russian and Bulgarian male first name deriving from the Greek ''Aléxios'' (), meaning "Defender", and thus of the same origin as the Latin Alexius. Alexey may also be romanized as ''Aleksei'', ''Aleksey'', ''Alexej'', ''Aleksej'', etc. It has been commonly westernized as Alexis. Similar Ukrainian and Belarusian names are romanized as Oleksii (Олексій) and Aliaksiej (Аляксей), respectively. The Russian Orthodox Church uses the Old Church Slavonic version, Alexiy (Алексiй, or Алексий in modern spelling), for its Saints and hierarchs (most notably, this is the form used for Patriarchs Alexius I and Alexius II). The common hypocoristic is Alyosha () or simply Lyosha (). These may be further transformed into Alyoshka, Alyoshenka, Lyoshka, Lyoha, Lyoshenka (, respectively), sometimes rendered as Alesha/Aleshenka in English. The form Alyosha may be u ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yuri Oganessian
Yuri Tsolakovich Oganessian (russian: Юрий Цолакович Оганесян ; ''Yuri Ts'olaki Hovhannisyan'' . Oganessian is the Russified version of the Armenian last name Hovhannisyan. The article on Oganessian in the ''Armenian Soviet Encyclopedia'' (1980) described him as an "Armenian Soviet physicist." born 14 April 1933) is a Russian-Armenian nuclear physicist who is considered the world's leading researcher in superheavy chemical elements. He led the discovery of many elements in the periodic table. He succeeded Georgy Flyorov as director of the Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in 1989 and is now its scientific leader. The heaviest element known in the periodic table, oganesson, is named after him, only the second time that an element was named after a living person (the other being seaborgium). Personal life Yuri Tsolakovich Oganessian was born in Rostov-on-Don, Russia, on 14 April 1933 to Armenian parents. His f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georgy Flyorov
Georgii Nikolayevich Flyorov (also spelled Flerov, rus, Гео́ргий Никола́евич Флёров, p=gʲɪˈorgʲɪj nʲɪkɐˈlajɪvʲɪtɕ ˈflʲɵrəf; 2 March 1913 – 19 November 1990) was a Soviet physicist who is known for his discovery of spontaneous fission and his important contribution towards the crystallography and material science, for which, he was honored with many awards. In addition, he is also known for his letter directed to Joseph Stalin, during the midst of World War II, to start the Soviet program of nuclear weapons in the former Soviet Union. In 2012, element 114 was named flerovium after the research laboratory at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research bearing his name. Biography Flyorov was born on 2 March 1913 in Rostov-on-Don in Russia. His grandfather was a priest in the Russian Orthodox Church—his mother was Jewish. After finishing schooling in 1929, he was trained as a mechanic and later as an electrician, first working as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leonid Ponomarev
Leonid (russian: Леонид ; uk, Леонід ; be, Леанід, Ljeaníd ) is a Slavic version of the given name Leonidas. The French version is Leonide. People with the name include: *Leonid Andreyev (1871–1919), Russian playwright and short-story writer who led the Expressionist movement in the national literature *Leonid Brezhnev (1906–1982), leader of the USSR from 1964 to 1982 *Leonid Buryak (b. 1953), USSR/Ukraine-born Olympic-medal-winning soccer player and coach *Leonid Bykov (1928–1979), Soviet and Ukrainian actor, film director, and script writer *Leonid Desyatnikov (b. 1955), Soviet and Russian opera and film composer *Leonid Feodorov (1879–1935), a bishop and Exarch for the Russian Catholic Church, and survivor of the Gulag *Leonid Filatov (1946–2003), Soviet and Russian actor, director, poet, and pamphleteer *Leonid Gaidai, (1923–1993), Soviet comedy film director *Leonid Geishtor (b. 1936), USSR (Belarus)-born Olympic champion Canadian pairs sprin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Venedikt Dzhelepov
Venedikt Petrovich Dzhelepov (russian: Венедикт Петрович Джелепов) (April 12, 1913 in Moscow – March 12, 1999) was a Soviet physicist. Biography He educated at Leningrad Industrial Institute. A couple of years upon graduation in 1937 he began in 1939 working with I. V. Kurchatov on the first in Europe cyclotron in the Radium Institute. The joint researches with Kurchatov determined Dzhelepov's entire further career. In August 1943, Dzhelepov joined the group of the first staff members of Laboratory No. 2 which is now known as the Kurchatov Atomic Energy Institute for solving uranium problem. In 1948 Dzhelepov was given by Kurchatov a new task as deputy director of the new Laboratory being developed in Dubna (later became the Institute for Nuclear Problems within the USSR Academy of Sciences (he held this position in 1948-1956). Later he was appointed the Director of Laboratory for Nuclear Problems at Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
