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Kuaikui
Duke Zhuang of Wey (, died 478 BC) was a ruler of the Chinese state of Wey. He ruled the duchy between 480 BC until his death in 478 BC. His given name was Kuǎikùi (蒯聵). Kuaikui was the eldest son of Duke Ling of Wey. He was appointed the heir apparent to the throne, although he was born to a concubine. He was at odds with his ''Di'' mother Duchess Nan Zi (南子). Later, he attempted to murder Nan Zi. The retainer Kuaikui tasked to carry out the murder failed in his attempt. So Kuaikui had to flee his father's anger. He was harboured by Zhao Jianzi (趙簡子), a powerful minister of Jin. However, his son Zhé stayed in Wey. In 493 BC, Zhé succeeded Duke Ling and was known as Duke Chu of Wey. In the same year, Kuaikui attempted to overthrow his son with the armed assistance of Zhao Jianzi. The plan was not successful. In 480 BC, Kuaikui successfully deposed his son in a coup and ascended the throne. Zhong You, one of the best known and most faithful disciples of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duke Ling Of Wey
Duke Ling of Wey () (ruled 534 — 492 BC) was the 28th ruler of the ancient Chinese state of Wey, the son of Duke Xiang of Wey. He was the subject of Chapter 15 of the ''Analects'' of Confucius. His given name was Yuan (). Family Duke Ling was born to Duke Xiang and the concubine Chou E (). Duke Ling’s wife was Lady Nanzi (), whilst his son was Prince Kuaikui (). Duke Ling was succeeded by his grandson Duke Chu, son of Kuaikui. Life When Duke Xiang of Wey died, he did not specify an heir apparent. Lord Kong Zhengchi consulted the oracles of I Ching and Shu Feng of Kang's mandate in order to choose an heir. The oracles and the spirit of Shu Feng favoured prince Yuan, the second son of Duke Xiang. According to the religious convention, Kong Zhengchi therefore decided to enthrone prince Yuan as the next Duke of Wey. In 535 BCE, Yuan succeeded the title of duke (Gong). In 522 BCE Duke Ling was forced to flee to the city of Siniao due to a sudden rebellion of his retainer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nan Zi
Nanzi (南子) also called Wey Ling Nanzi Lily Xiao Hong Lee, A. D. Stefanowska, Sue Wiles. 2007. (? – 480 BC) was the consort of Duke Ling of Wey (r. 534–492 BC) in the Spring and Autumn period. She was most famous for her meeting with Confucius in 496 BC. She was de facto ruler of Wey in the place of her spouse, who was disinterested in politics. Keith McMahon, Women Shall Not Rule: Imperial Wives and Concubines in China from Han to Liao' Life Nanzi was a native of Song, possibly a daughter of Duke Ping of Song. At some point she married Duke Ling of Wey and was favoured by her husband. Because her spouse lacked interest in government issues and effectively retired from politics, he left her to conduct the affairs of state for him with his approval. Alongside Fu Hao, Yi Jiang and Queen Dowager Xuan, she is one of only four women noted as influential political players in China prior to Empress Lü, and perhaps the first woman to have ruled a Chinese state. In 497 BC, G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zhong You
Zhong You (542–480BC), commonly known by his courtesy names Zilu and Jilu, was one of the best known and most faithful disciples of Confucius. Among Confucius's disciples, he was the second in terms of ability and accomplishment in statesmanship, after Ran Qiu. He was noted for his valour and sense of justice, but Confucius often warned him against acting without forethought. He was killed in the State of Wey in defence of his lord Kong Kui. Life Zhong You was born in 542BC, only nine years younger than Confucius. He was from Bian (), a region in the State of Lu that was known for the bravery of its men. He was a ''yeren'', a native inhabitant distinct from the "people of the city", or the Zhou people who settled in fortified towns after their conquest of the land. When Zilu (Zhong You) first met Confucius, he was dressed aggressively and was rude to the Master. Nevertheless, Confucius accepted him as one of his earliest disciples. He became one of the Master's most loyal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wey (state)
Wei (; ''Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary''. ; Old Chinese: ''*ɢʷat-s''), commonly spelled Wey to distinguish from the contemporary larger Wei (state), Wei () state, was an State (Ancient China), ancient Chinese state that was founded in the early Western Zhou dynasty and rose to prominence during the Spring and Autumn period. Its rulers were of the surname Ji (), the same as that of the rulers of Zhou. It was located in modern northeastern Henan Province, east of Jin (Chinese state), Jin (and later Wei ), and west of Cao (state), Cao. Early history The history of Wey dates back to the beginning of the Zhou Dynasty and the Rebellion of the Three Guards. After the Duke of Zhou successfully defeated the rebellion, Shu Feng of Kang, Kang Shu, a younger brother of King Wu of Zhou was given a fief centred on Zhaoge, the capital ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jī (Zhou Dynasty Ancestral Surname)
''Jī'' () was the ancestral name of the Zhou dynasty which ruled China between the 11th and 3rd centuries BC. Thirty-nine members of the family ruled China during this period while many others ruled as local lords, lords who eventually gained great autonomy during the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods. Ji is a relatively uncommon surname in modern China, largely because its bearers often adopted the names of their states and fiefs as new surnames. The character is composed of the radicals (Old Chinese: ''nra'', "woman") and (OC: ''ɢ(r)ə'', "chin").Baxter, Wm. H. & Sagart, Laurent. '' '', pp. 61, 106, & 175. 2011. Accessed 11 October 2011. It is most likely a phono-semantic compound, with ''nra'' common in the earliest Zhou-era family names and ''ɢ(r)ə'' marking a rhyme of (OC: ''K(r)ə''). The legendary and historical record shows the Zhou Ji clan closely entwined with the Jiang (), who seem to have provided many of the Ji lords' high-ranking spouse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chinese Surname
Chinese surnames are used by Han Chinese and Sinicized ethnic groups in China, Taiwan, Korea, Vietnam, and among overseas Chinese communities around the world such as Singapore and Malaysia. Written Chinese names begin with surnames, unlike the Western tradition in which surnames are written last. Around 2,000 Han Chinese surnames are currently in use, but the great proportion of Han Chinese people use only a relatively small number of these surnames; 19 surnames are used by around half of the Han Chinese people, while 100 surnames are used by around 87% of the population. A report in 2019 gives the most common Chinese surnames as Wang and Li, each shared by over 100 million people in China. The remaining top ten most common Chinese surnames are Zhang, Liu, Chen, Yang, Huang, Zhao, Wu and Zhou. Two distinct types of Chinese surnames existed in ancient China, namely ''xing'' () ancestral clan names and ''shi'' () branch lineage names. Later, the two terms began to be used i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cihai
The ''Cihai'' is a large-scale dictionary and encyclopedia of Standard Mandarin Chinese. The Zhonghua Book Company published the first ''Cihai'' edition in 1938, and the Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing House revised editions in 1979, 1989, 1999, and 2009. A standard bibliography of Chinese reference works calls the ''Cihai'' an "outstanding dictionary". Contents The ''Cihai'' is a semi-encyclopedic dictionary and enters Chinese words from many fields of knowledge, such as history, science, mathematics, philosophy, medicine, and law. Chinese lexicography dichotomizes two kinds of dictionaries: traditional (, lit. "character/logograph dictionary") for written Chinese characters and modern ' ( "word/phrase dictionary") for spoken expressions. For example, the ''Hanyu Da Zidian'' for characters and ''Hanyu Da Cidian'' for words. The ''Cihai'', as the title indicates, is a '. The American sinologist George A. Kennedy, who wrote a student's guide to using the ''Cihai'' as the b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heir Apparent
An heir apparent, often shortened to heir, is a person who is first in an order of succession and cannot be displaced from inheriting by the birth of another person; a person who is first in the order of succession but can be displaced by the birth of a more eligible heir is known as heir presumptive. Today these terms most commonly describe heirs to hereditary titles (e.g. titles of nobility) or offices, especially when only inheritable by a single person. Most monarchies refer to the heir apparent of their thrones with the descriptive term of ''crown prince'' or ''crown princess'', but they may also be accorded with a more specific substantive title: such as Prince of Orange in the Netherlands, Duke of Brabant in Belgium, Prince of Asturias in Spain (also granted to heirs presumptive), or the Prince of Wales in the United Kingdom; former titles include Dauphin in the Kingdom of France, and Tsesarevich in Imperial Russia. The term is also used metaphorically to indicate a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dishu System
''Dishu'' () was an important legal and moral system involving marriage and inheritance in ancient China. In pre-modern eras, upper-class men in ancient China, Korea, Vietnam and Japan often had more than one spouse to ensure the birth of a male heir to their assets and titles. In China, a priority system was created to rank the offsprings' entitlement to this inheritance. Under this system, a man was allowed one official wife, called a ''zhengshi'' (正室, pronounced '' seishitsu'' in Japanese, lit. "formal household") or ''Di'' wife (嫡妻), and her son was called the ''Di'' son (嫡子). A woman would have to go through a formal wedding to become the Di wife, otherwise she would be considered a concubine of her husband. A man could only have one Di wife unless he had already divorced another. In the Tang dynasty, any man who had more than one ''Di'' wife would be considered to be bigamous and would be liable to one year of penal labor. The woman involved would also recei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duke Chu Of Wey
Duke Chu of Wey (, died 469 BC) was 29th ruler of the ancient Chinese state of Wey. He ruled the duchy twice: the first time between 493 BC and 481 BC, the second time between 477 BC and 470 BC. His given name was Zhé (輒). Zhé was the son of Kuǎikùi, whom was the heir apparent to the throne. Kuǎikùi was at odds with the Duchess Nan Zi (南子) and fled to Jin, but Zhé stayed in Wey. In 493 BC, Duke Ling of Wey died. Though Duchess Nanzi (南子) wanted to enthrone her son Prince Yǐng (公子郢), but Yǐng refused the proposition. Instead, Yǐng recommended Zhé as the successor. Consequently, Zhé succeeded Duke Ling and was known as Duke Chu of Wey. Supported by Jin, his father Kuǎikùi attempted a comeback. However, in the same year, with the help of Qi, Duke Chu laid siege to his father. Since then, the father and son became enemies. Confucius was at least a partial witness to the ensuing family melodrama, it broke his heart. According to the '' Analects'', ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jin (Chinese State)
Jin (, Old Chinese: ''*''), originally known as Tang (唐), was a major state during the middle part of the Zhou dynasty, based near the centre of what was then China, on the lands attributed to the legendary Xia dynasty: the southern part of modern Shanxi. Although it grew in power during the Spring and Autumn period, its aristocratic structure saw it break apart when the duke lost power to his nobles. In 403BC, Jin was split into three successor states: Han, Zhao and Wei. The Partition of Jin marks the end of the Spring and Autumn Period and the beginning of the Warring States period. Geography Jin was located in the lower Fen River drainage basin on the Shanxi plateau. To the north were the Xirong and Beidi peoples. To the west were the Lüliang Mountains and then the Loess Plateau of northern Shaanxi. To the southwest the Fen River turns west to join the south-flowing part of the Yellow River which soon leads to the Guanzhong, an area of the Wei River Valley that wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
._Lacquer_painting_over_wood%2C_Northern_Wei.jpg "Click for more on -> Nan Zi")
