Kroeber M4
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Kroeber M4
The Kroeber M4 Köller was a 2-stroke air-cooled horizontally-opposed piston engine designed and built by Dr. Kroeber & Sohn G.m.b.H. in Germany in the late 1930s. The M4 proved relatively popular, for powering the ultra-light aircraft and motor-gliders in vogue during the 1920s and 1930s. Variants ;Kroeber M3 Köller:either a typo or a variant of the M4, (only reference is Cynk's Polish aircraft 1893-1939) ;Kroeber M4 Köller:Main production variant Applications ''Data from:''AEHS : HOAE Kroeber * Grunau Motor-Baby - German motor-glider conversion of a Grunau Baby * Kocjan Bąk I - Polish motorglider * Dittmar Condor 'La Falda' (a removable power-egg with M4 and pusher propeller) * Möller Stomo 3 - German high-speed ultralight aircraft * Akaflieg München Mü13M Motormerlin * ITS-8 - Polish motorglider sic Kroeber M3 Köller (only reference to M3) Engines on display There are several M4 engines on display, but one of the best preserved and presented is at the Pol ...
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WikiProject Aircraft
A WikiProject, or Wikiproject, is a Wikimedia movement affinity group for contributors with shared goals. WikiProjects are prevalent within the largest wiki, Wikipedia, and exist to varying degrees within sister projects such as Wiktionary, Wikiquote, Wikidata, and Wikisource. They also exist in different languages, and translation of articles is a form of their collaboration. During the COVID-19 pandemic, CBS News noted the role of Wikipedia's WikiProject Medicine in maintaining the accuracy of articles related to the disease. Another WikiProject that has drawn attention is WikiProject Women Scientists, which was profiled by '' Smithsonian'' for its efforts to improve coverage of women scientists which the profile noted had "helped increase the number of female scientists on Wikipedia from around 1,600 to over 5,000". On Wikipedia Some Wikipedia WikiProjects are substantial enough to engage in cooperative activities with outside organizations relevant to the field at issue. For e ...
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WikiProject Aircraft/page Content
A WikiProject, or Wikiproject, is a Wikimedia movement affinity group for contributors with shared goals. WikiProjects are prevalent within the largest wiki, Wikipedia, and exist to varying degrees within sister projects such as Wiktionary, Wikiquote, Wikidata, and Wikisource. They also exist in different languages, and translation of articles is a form of their collaboration. During the COVID-19 pandemic, CBS News noted the role of Wikipedia's WikiProject Medicine in maintaining the accuracy of articles related to the disease. Another WikiProject that has drawn attention is WikiProject Women Scientists, which was profiled by '' Smithsonian'' for its efforts to improve coverage of women scientists which the profile noted had "helped increase the number of female scientists on Wikipedia from around 1,600 to over 5,000". On Wikipedia Some Wikipedia WikiProjects are substantial enough to engage in cooperative activities with outside organizations relevant to the field at issue. For e ...
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Germany
Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated between the Baltic and North seas to the north, and the Alps to the south; it covers an area of , with a population of almost 84 million within its 16 constituent states. Germany borders Denmark to the north, Poland and the Czech Republic to the east, Austria and Switzerland to the south, and France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands to the west. The nation's capital and most populous city is Berlin and its financial centre is Frankfurt; the largest urban area is the Ruhr. Various Germanic tribes have inhabited the northern parts of modern Germany since classical antiquity. A region named Germania was documented before AD 100. In 962, the Kingdom of Germany formed the bulk of the Holy Roman Empire. During the 16th ce ...
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Möller Stomo 3
The Möller Stomo 3 was a small, low-powered but very aerodynamically-clean light aircraft, first flown in Germany in 1939. It set two speed over distance records for aircraft with engines of less than capacity soon after its first flight. Design By early 1939 H.G. Möller Flugzeugbau had tested a small, single seat, cantilever, inverted gull wing sports aircraft of striking aerodynamic cleanliness. Though its Kroeber M4 flat twin engine produced only , the Stomo-3 had a maximum speed of . At the same time the company was completing a smaller span single-seater in the same clean style but with a Zündapp 9-092 four cylinder air-cooled, inverted inline engine labelled V11 ''Stürmer''. The Stomo 3 was an all wood aircraft, designed to be simple to build without specialist tools and to have low capital and running costs, together with good performance and aerobatic capability. Its low wing was in three parts: a centre section with anhedral, improving the wing root aero ...
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ITS-8
The ITS-8 was a Polish twin-boom motor glider flown in 1936. Two prototypes were completed but production was prevented by the German invasion of Poland in 1939. Design and development In the mid-1930s there was growing Polish interest in low cost powered gliders and other small, low powered, structurally simple aircraft. The Institute of Gliding Techniques at Lwów University studied motor gliders, guided by FAI specifications for the new International Powered Glider Class. They concluded that a conventional glider nose and forward fuselage was required, hence a pusher engine and, to avoid the drag of a pylon engine mounting, a twin-boom layout. The ITS-8, designed to have a gliding performance competitive with contemporary intermediate and high performance unpowered machines, followed these specifications. Its construction was funded by the LOPP The wooden ITS-8 had a high wing which was built around a single box spar which with a plywood-covered leading edge formed a ...
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Grunau Motor-Baby
The Schneider Grunau Baby was a single-seat sailplane first built in Germany in 1931, with some 6,000 examples constructed in some 20 countries. It was relatively easy to build from plans, it flew well, and the aircraft was strong enough to handle mild aerobatics and the occasional hard landing. When the Baby first appeared, it was accepted wisdom that the pilot should feel as much unimpeded airflow as possible, to better sense rising and falling currents of air and temperature changes etc. It was designed by Edmund Schneider with the assistance of Wolf Hirth and Hugo Kromer as a smaller version of Schneider's ESG 31 of the previous year, incorporating an elliptical wing design based on work done by Akaflieg Darmstadt. It was named after Grunau, the town where Schneider's factory was located, now Jeżów Sudecki in Poland. The first 14 inner ribs were of the Göttingen 535 shape with the outer ribs gradually changing up to the last 22nd rib, having a bi-convex and symmetrical ...
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Grunau Baby
The Schneider Grunau Baby was a single-seat sailplane first built in Germany in 1931, with some 6,000 examples constructed in some 20 countries. It was relatively easy to build from plans, it flew well, and the aircraft was strong enough to handle mild aerobatics and the occasional hard landing. When the Baby first appeared, it was accepted wisdom that the pilot should feel as much unimpeded airflow as possible, to better sense rising and falling currents of air and temperature changes etc. It was designed by Edmund Schneider with the assistance of Wolf Hirth and Hugo Kromer as a smaller version of Schneider's ESG 31 of the previous year, incorporating an elliptical wing design based on work done by Akaflieg Darmstadt. It was named after Grunau, the town where Schneider's factory was located, now Jeżów Sudecki in Poland. The first 14 inner ribs were of the Göttingen 535 shape with the outer ribs gradually changing up to the last 22nd rib, having a bi-convex and symmetric ...
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Kocjan Bąk I
Kocjan may refer to: People * Antoni Kocjan (1902–1944), Polish glider constructor * Jure Kocjan (born 1984), Slovenian road cyclist *Krysia Kocjan (born 1984), Scottish folk singer Places * Kocjan, Radenci, Slovenia *Zgornji Kocjan, Slovenia *Spodnji Kocjan Spodnji Kocjan () is a small settlement in the Municipality of Radenci in northeastern Slovenia Slovenia ( ; sl, Slovenija ), officially the Republic of Slovenia (Slovene: , abbr.: ''RS''), is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered b ..., Slovenia See also * * Kocian * Kocyan * Kóczián {{disambiguation, surname, geo ...
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Dittmar Condor
The Schleicher Condor, also referred to as the Dittmar Condor, is a series of German high-wing, single and two-seat, gull winged, gliders that were designed by Heini Dittmar in the 1930s, produced in small quantities before the Second World War, produced again between 1952 and 1955 by Alexander Schleicher GmbH & Co and also by Ferdinand Schmetz.Said, Bob: ''1983 Sailplane Directory, Soaring Magazine'', page 104, Soaring Society of America November 1983. USPS 499-920 Design and development The first Condor I was introduced in 1932. The aircraft was further developed into the Condor II and the IIA, which replaced strut bracing with a cantilever wing. Following the Second World War the two-seat Condor IV first flew in 1951 and was put into series production by Schleicher. The Condor series was built from wood, with the wooden-framed wing covered in doped aircraft fabric. The Condor IV has a span wing that employs a Goettingen 532 airfoil at the wing root, changing ...
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Akaflieg München Mü13M Motormerlin
Akaflieg is an abbreviation for ''Akademische Fliegergruppe'', groups of aeronautical engineering students from individual German Technical Universities, pre and postwar, who design aircraft, often gliders. History Otto Lilienthal published his book ''Der Vogelflug als Grundlage der Fliegekunst (Birdflight as the Basis of Aviation)'' in 1889. This described the basics of modern aerodynamics and aircraft construction. Lilienthal then made many successful flights starting in 1891. However attention then shifted to powered flight after World War I. Gliding re-emerged as a sport after the war because the building of powered aircraft was restricted in Germany by the Treaty of Versailles. The main originator of the gliding movement was Oskar Ursinus, who in 1920 organised the first contest, known as the Rhön-Contest, on the Wasserkuppe. Thereafter the contest was held annually. Students of technical universities brought gliders which they had developed and built themselves fo ...
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Polish Aviation Museum
The Polish Aviation Museum ( pl, Muzeum Lotnictwa Polskiego w Krakowie) is a large museum of historic aircraft and aircraft engines in Kraków, Poland. It is located at the site of the no-longer functional Kraków-Rakowice-Czyżyny Airport. This airfield, established by Austria-Hungary in 1912, is one of the oldest in the world. The museum opened in 1964, after the airfield closed in 1963. Has been scored as eighth world's best aviation museum by CNN. For the first half century of its existence the museum used four hangars of the former airfield to display its exhibits. These buildings were not originally designed for this purpose and suffered from various inadequacies, notably insufficient heating in winter. The situation improved when a new main building for the museum opened on 18 September 2010. Collection The collection consists of over 200 aircraft as of 2005. Several of the aircraft displayed are unique on the world scale, including sailplanes and some 100 ai ...
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