Kourazouceras
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Kourazouceras
''Kourazouceras'' is an extinct ammonoid genus from the Late Devonian assigned to the tornoceratid subfamily Falcitornoceratinae. As such it is related to ''Falcitornoceras'', ''Gundolficeras'', and ''Phoenixites ''Phoenixites'' is an early (Late Devonian) genus of the Falcitornoceratinae, a subfamily of the goniatitid Tornoceratidae family. This genus was named by Becker in 1995. The type species is ''"Tornoceras" frechi''. The shell of ''Phoenixites'' ...''. ''Kourazouceras'' was named by Backer in 2002 and is the latest genus to be added to the goniatitid subfamily Falcitornoceratinae. ReferencesFalcitornoceratinaein Paleobiology Database. 6/9/12 Late Devonian ammonites Tornoceratidae Goniatitida genera {{Goniatitida-stub ...
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Falcitornoceratinae
Falcitornoceratinae is one of three subfamilies of the Tornoceratidae family, a member of the Goniatitida Goniatids, informally goniatites, are Ammonoidea, ammonoid cephalopods that form the order Goniatitida, derived from the more primitive Agoniatitida during the Middle Devonian some 390 million years ago (around Eifelian stage). Goniatites (goniat ... order. Shells produced are extremely involute and have no umbilicus. Young and intermediate whorls have ventrolateral grooves. The adventitious lobe, which develops ontogenetically between the external, or ventral, and lateral lobes, is widely rounded. Tornoceratids in which the Falcitornoceratinae are included are involute, subdiscoidal, with sutures that form 6 to 10 lobes. References *Falcitornoceratinae inGONIAT6/9/12 Falcitornoceratinaein Paleobiology Database, 6/9/12 Tornoceratidae Late Devonian first appearances Late Devonian animals Famennian extinctions {{Goniatitida-stub ...
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Devonian
The Devonian ( ) is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic era, spanning 60.3 million years from the end of the Silurian, million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Carboniferous, Mya. It is named after Devon, England, where rocks from this period were first studied. The first significant adaptive radiation of life on dry land occurred during the Devonian. Free-sporing vascular plants began to spread across dry land, forming extensive forests which covered the continents. By the middle of the Devonian, several groups of plants had evolved leaves and true roots, and by the end of the period the first seed-bearing plants appeared. The arthropod groups of myriapods, arachnids and hexapods also became well-established early in this period, after starting their expansion to land at least from the Ordovician period. Fish reached substantial diversity during this time, leading the Devonian to often be dubbed the Age of Fishes. The placoderms began dominating ...
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Ammonoidea
Ammonoids are a group of extinct marine mollusc animals in the subclass Ammonoidea of the class Cephalopoda. These molluscs, commonly referred to as ammonites, are more closely related to living coleoids (i.e., octopuses, squid and cuttlefish) than they are to shelled nautiloids such as the living ''Nautilus'' species. The earliest ammonites appeared during the Devonian, with the last species vanishing during the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event. Ammonites are excellent index fossils, and linking the rock layer in which a particular species or genus is found to specific geologic time periods is often possible. Their fossil shells usually take the form of planispirals, although some helically spiraled and nonspiraled forms (known as heteromorphs) have been found. The name "ammonite", from which the scientific term is derived, was inspired by the spiral shape of their fossilized shells, which somewhat resemble tightly coiled rams' horns. Pliny the Elder ( 79 AD nea ...
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Tornoceratidae
Tornoceratidae is a family of goniatitid ammonoids from the middle and upper Devonian. The family is included in the suborder Tornoceratina and the superfamily Tornoceratoidea. Tornoceratids are subdiscoidal goniatitids with biconvex growth lines and sutures that form 6 to 10 lobes, the ventral one undivided, the lateral ones originating as subdivisions of external and internal lateral saddle. They are derived from the Anarcestida. Taxonomy Tornoceratidae as now understood is essentially the Tornoceratidae of Arthaber (1911) described in the American Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part L, revised to include three subfamilies, the Tornoceratinae, Aulatornoceratinae, and Falcitornoceratinae. Miller ''et al''. (1957) included the Tornoceratidae without subfamilies in the Cheilocerataceae, a superfaminily in the Goniatitida which also includes the Cheiloceratidae. Tornoceratinae is based on the genus ''Tornoceras'' described by Alpheus Hyatt in 1884. Aulatornocera ...
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Falcitornoceras
''Falcitornoceras'' is a goniatitid ammonite from the Late Devonian, early Famennian The Famennian is the latter of two faunal stages in the Late Devonian Epoch. The most recent estimate for its duration estimates that it lasted from around 371.1 million years ago to 359.3 million years ago. An earlier 2012 estimate, still used b ..., that has been found in France and Spain. ''Falcitornoceras'' was named by House and Price, 1985, and is the type genus for the subfamily Falcitornoceratinae. The shell of ''Falcitornoceras'' is strongly involute, lacking an umbilicus. Juvenile stages have falcate ribs which cross the ventral rim; the ventro-lateral area bears weak to strong furrows. The adventitious lobe, high on the flank, is rounded or subacute and the lateral lobe has an inconspicuous saddle at the umbilical seam. ''Falcitornoceras'' is slightly older than '' Gundolficeras'' and somewhat younger than '' Phoenixites'', close relatives, although temporally overlapping both. ...
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Gundolficeras
''Gundolficeras'' is member of the Tornoceratidae, (goniatitid ammonites), from the Late Devonian named by Becker, 1995 and assigned to the Falcitornoceratinae. The type species is ''"Lobotornoceras" bicaniculatum''. ''Gundolficeras'' has a compressed or somewhat inflated shell that may have ventrolateral furrows and an open or closed umbilicus at medium stages. The suture has a small ventral lobe and on either side, a narrow, asymmetric, rounded or pointed adventitious lobe and a high saddle located mid-flank. ''Gundolficeras'' differs from its partly contemporary, but slightly older relative ''Falcitornoceras ''Falcitornoceras'' is a goniatitid ammonite from the Late Devonian, early Famennian The Famennian is the latter of two faunal stages in the Late Devonian Epoch. The most recent estimate for its duration estimates that it lasted from around 3 ...'' in the details of the suture and in sometimes having an open umbilicus. References *''Gundolficeras'' iGONIAT Online ...
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Phoenixites
''Phoenixites'' is an early (Late Devonian) genus of the Falcitornoceratinae, a subfamily of the goniatitid Tornoceratidae family. This genus was named by Becker in 1995. The type species is ''"Tornoceras" frechi''. The shell of ''Phoenixites'' is discoidal, on which constrictions may be present. Growth lines are strongly biconvex in juvenile stages, later with shallow a lateral sinus. ''Phoenixites'' may have contained the ancestor of ''Falcitornoceras'' which likely gave rise to ''Gundolficeras'', all members of the Falcitornoceratinae. Biostratigraphic significance The International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS) has assigned the First Appearance Datum of ''Phoenixites frechi'' as the defining biological marker for the start of the Famennian Stage, 372.2 ± 1.6 million years ago, the final stage of the Devonian. This lower limit is also defined by the Upper Kellwasser Extinction, when the conodont genera ''Ancyrodella'', and ''Ozarkodina'' and many species of ''Palmat ...
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Late Devonian Ammonites
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