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Konstantinas Žukas
Konstantinas Žukas was a Lithuanian statesman and military figure who was the Chief of Defense of Lithuania from July 7, 1920 to April 7, 1921 as well as participating in the Polish–Lithuanian War. Biography After graduating from Kaunas Primary School, his parents moved to Obeliai and he learned to work by telegraph at the railway station. In 1899, Žukas with his family, went to Siberia and lived and worked as a telegraphist in Achinsk and Krasnoyarsk. On 1906, Žukas returned to Lithuania and passed the graduation exams of Kaunas Maironis University Gymnasium externally. He later volunteered for the Russian Imperial Army and from 1907 - 1910, studied at Vilnius Military School. After receiving his assignment to Kharkov, he served as commander of the communications team in the 121st Infantry Regiment. During the First World War, Žukas served as the Divisional Communications Chief on the Galician Front and was Captain by then. On 1918, Žukas returned to Lithuania again a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aleksandras Stulginskis
Aleksandras Stulginskis (26 February 1885 – 22 September 1969) was the second President of Lithuania (1920–1926). Stulginskis was also acting President of Lithuania for a few hours later in 1926, following a military coup that was led by his predecessor, President Antanas Smetona, and which had brought down Stulginskis's successor, Kazys Grinius. The coup returned Smetona to office after Stulginskis's brief formal assumption of the Presidency. He began his theological studies in Kaunas and continued in Innsbruck, Austria. However, he decided not to become a priest and moved to the Institute of Agricultural Sciences in University of Halle. He graduated in 1913 and returned to Lithuania. There he started to work as a farmer. He published many articles on agronomy in Lithuanian press. In 1918 he started to publish journals ''Ūkininkas'' ("Farmer") and ''Ūkininko kalendorius'' ("Farmer's Calendar"). During World War I he moved to Vilnius. He was one of the founders of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Achinsk
Achinsk (russian: А́чинск) is a city in Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia, located on the right bank of the Chulym River near its intersection with the Trans-Siberian Railway, west of Krasnoyarsk. It has a population of 109,155 as of the 2010 Census. History Achinsk is one of the oldest known inhabited places in the area. Paleontological study has shown that people lived here as early as 28,000–20,000 BCE. Some of these ancient caves are located east of the city. The modern city, however, was founded on July 25, 1641 as an '' ostrog'' on the Bely Iyus River. After the fire of 1683, it was moved to the Chulym River (a tributary of the Ob); hence, the official foundation date of the city is considered to be July 25, 1683. The name of the location derives from the Turkic tribal group Achi or Achigi. The first fort in 1683 was built with the high stockade square shaped walls. In the corners were placed watch towers. Initially the garrison had fifteen Cossacks pat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constituent Assembly Of Lithuania
The Constituent Assembly of Lithuania ( lt, Steigiamasis Seimas) was the first parliament of the independent state of Lithuania to be elected in a direct, democratic, general, secret election. The Assembly assumed its duties on 15 May 1920 and was disbanded in October 1922. Legal grounds Following the last Partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1795, Lithuania was annexed by and became part of the Russian Empire. On 21 September 1917, Vilnius played host to the Lithuanian Conference which resolved that, to lay groundwork for the independent Lithuania and regulate its relations with the neighbours, a Constituent Assembly, elected under the principles of democracy by all of its residents, had to be convened in Vilnius. The resolutions of the Conference were to be implemented by an executive body: the Lithuanian Council of 20 members (to become the Council of the State of Lithuania as of 11 July 1918). It was this Council that adopted the Act of Independence on 16 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lithuanian Farmers And Greens Union
The Lithuanian Farmers and Greens Union ( lt, Lietuvos valstiečių ir žaliųjų sąjunga, LVŽS)The party is also known as Lithuanian Peasant and Greens Union. is a green-conservative and agrarian political party in Lithuania led by Ramūnas Karbauskis. Following the 2020 parliamentary election, the LVŽS has been in opposition to the Šimonytė Cabinet. The party's two MEPs sit in the Greens–European Free Alliance group in the European Parliament. Founded in 2001 as the Lithuanian Peasant Popular Union, ( lt, Lietuvos valstiečių liaudininkų sąjunga, links=no, LVLS), the party's symbol since 2012 has been the white stork. History Foundation and participation in the Social Democratic Party-led governments (2001–2008) In December 2001, electoral alliance between the Lithuanian Peasants Party (Lietuvos valstiečių partija) and the New Democratic Party () known as the "" (or VNDS), which translates to the Peasants and New Democratic Party Union or Union of Peasants ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Užnemunė
Suvalkija or Sudovia ( lt, Suvalkija or ''Sūduva'') is the smallest of the five cultural regions of Lithuania. Its unofficial capital is Marijampolė. People from Suvalkija (Suvalkijans, Suvalkians) are called (plural) or (singular) in Lithuanian. It is located south of the Nemunas River, in the former territory of Vilkaviškis bishopric. Historically, it is the newest ethnographic region as its most distinct characteristics and separate regional identity formed during the 19th century when the territory was part of Congress Poland. It was never a separate political entity and even today it has no official status in the administrative division of Lithuania. However, it continues to be the subject of studies focusing on Lithuanian folk culture of the 19th and early 20th centuries. Most of Lithuania's cultural differences blended or disappeared during the Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic, Soviet era (1944–1990), remaining the longest in southeastern Lithuania. The concept ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
10th Infantry Regiment (Lithuania)
The 10th Infantry Regiment () was an infantry regiment that served in the Lithuanian Army from its founding in 1919 to 1924. The regiment fought against Poles in the Lithuanian Wars of Independence near Augustavas, Suvalkai, Seinai and elsewhere. 1919 On 10 June 1919, the 1st Infantry Regiment's 3rd Battalion was separated from the regiment and was renamed as the 1st Reserve Battalion (). The battalion was supposed to train new recruits, but when the Poles invaded Lithuania, the battalion, under the command of Officer Žukas, had to take part in actions in the Suvalkai Region. The Command () companies of Seinai, Vilkaviškis, Alytus and Suvalkai also operated attached to the Reserve Battalion. In August 1919, Suvalkai Commandant Company is assigned to the Reserve Battalion. When the Lithuanian forces established themselves at the Foch Line, the Reserve Battalion held the line from the lake to and further to farmstead () on the shores of the lake Galadusys. 1920 O ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marijampolė
Marijampolė (; also known by several other names) is a cultural and industrial city and the capital of the Marijampolė County in the south of Lithuania, bordering Poland and Russian Kaliningrad Oblast, and Lake Vištytis. The population of Marijampolė is 48,700 (2003). It is the Lithuanian center of the Suvalkija region. Marijampolė is the seventh-largest city in Lithuania, and has been its regional center since 1994. The city covers an area equal to . The Šešupė River divides the city into two parts which are connected by six bridges. Names The city has also been known as Marijampolis, Mariampol, Starapole, Pašešupiai, Marjampol, Mariyampole, and Kapsukas (1955–1989). History The settlement was founded as a village called "Pašešupė", after the nearby river of Šešupė. As such the town was first mentioned in 1667. In the 18th century the village, at that time belonging to the Catholic Church, grew to become a market town and its name was changed to Starpol or "S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1st Infantry Regiment (Lithuania)
The 1st Infantry Regiment (), later the 1st Infantry Regiment of the Lithuanian Grand Duke Gediminas () was an infantry regiment that served in the Lithuanian Armed Forces, Lithuanian Army during the Interwar period. Formation was made the regiment's commander on 1 November 1918. The regiment began forming in Vilnius, although in a covert manner, because the Ober Ost, occupying German authorities hampered the formation of the Lithuanian Army. So, the regiment officially began forming only on 23 November 1918. On December 7, the regiment included 31 officers and 59 soldiers. In ten days, the number gradually increased to 33 officers, 3 military officials (), military doctor L. Janulionis and 87 soldiers. Lithuanian–Soviet War By 11 February 1919, the regiment had 36 officers, 13 military officials, one military doctor and 678 soldiers. At the time, the regiment was divided into two Battalion, battalions, with the first one, led by the officer , being composed of two infant ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raseiniai
Raseiniai (; Samogitian: ''Raseinē'') is a city in Lithuania. It is located on the south eastern foothills of the Samogitians highland, some north from the Kaunas–Klaipėda highway. History Grand Duchy of Lithuania Raseiniai is one of the oldest communities in Lithuania – the name of the settlement was mentioned for the first time in 1253. Its name was mentioned in Chronicles of the 13th and 14th centuries under various names, including ''Rushigen'', ''Rossyen'', and ''Rasseyne''. In 1253 Grand Duke Mindaugas ceded one part of the Samogitia territory, including some of the district around Raseiniai, to the Livonian Order, and the rest to the first bishop of Lithuania, Kristyan. In the 14th–18th centuries, Raseiniai was one of the most important towns in the Samogitia region. At the end of the 14th century the city became important centre, and its representative participated with others from the region in signing the peace treaty of Königsberg in 1390. At the end of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First World War
World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fighting occurring throughout Europe, the Middle East, Africa, the Pacific, and parts of Asia. An estimated 9 million soldiers were killed in combat, plus another 23 million wounded, while 5 million civilians died as a result of military action, hunger, and disease. Millions more died in genocides within the Ottoman Empire and in the 1918 influenza pandemic, which was exacerbated by the movement of combatants during the war. Prior to 1914, the European great powers were divided between the Triple Entente (comprising France, Russia, and Britain) and the Triple Alliance (containing Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy). Tensions in the Balkans came to a head on 28 June 1914, following the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdina ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kharkov
Kharkiv ( uk, Ха́рків, ), also known as Kharkov (russian: Харькoв, ), is the second-largest city and municipality in Ukraine.Kharkiv "never had eastern-western conflicts" '''' (23 October 2014) Located in the northeast of the country, it is the largest city of the historic region. Kharkiv is the of |
Vilnius Military School
Vilnius Military School (russian: Виленское военное училище) also known as the Vilnius Junker Infantry School (russian: Виленское пехотное юнкерское училище) was a military school for the non-commissioned officers (NCO) and junior officers of the Imperial Russian Army that operated in 1864–1915 in Vilnius. Up to 1910, the school prepared 4,371 ''podpraporshchiks'' and junior officers. During World War I, it relocated to Poltava and operated there in 1915–1918. In total, about 10,500 men graduated from the school, many becoming prominent military leaders and commanders in the post-war Eastern Europe. History The poor preparation of the Russian army became evident during the Crimean War (1853–1856) and Count Dmitry Milyutin, Minister of War, introduced wide-ranging reforms to modernize the army. He established military districts and each district established a cadet school. Completion of a cadet school became mandatory ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
