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Konrad Swinarski
Konrad Ksawery Swinarski (4 July 1929, Warszawa - 19 August 1975 near Damascus) – Polish theatrical, television, film and opera director and stage designer. He has created his own style, thanks to which he is considered one of the most original and outstanding artists in the history of Polish theatre. He influenced many polish directors, such as , Krystian Lupa, Jerzy Jarocki, , and Krzysztof Warlikowski. Life His father was lieutnant colonel , and his mother was Irmgarda Liczbińska, who came from Polish-German Silesian family. He studied at and Sopot, faculty of scenic visuals of Academy of Fine Arts In Łódź and Drama Direction Faculty of National Academy of Dramatic Art in Warsaw. During Warsaw studies he was an assistant to directors and Erwin Axer. He finished studying in 1955, but graduated in 1972 based on ''A Midsummer Night's Dream'' production in National Stary Theatre. In 1973–1975 he was a lecturer of National Academy of Theatre Arts in Kraków. During ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
4 July
Events Pre-1600 *362 BC – Battle of Mantinea: The Thebans, led by Epaminondas, defeated the Spartans. * 414 – Emperor Theodosius II, age 13, yields power to his older sister Aelia Pulcheria, who reigned as regent and proclaimed herself empress ('' Augusta'') of the Eastern Roman Empire. * 836 – ''Pactum Sicardi'', a peace treaty between the Principality of Benevento and the Duchy of Naples, is signed. * 993 – Ulrich of Augsburg is canonized as a saint. * 1054 – A supernova, called SN 1054, is seen by Chinese Song dynasty, Arab, and possibly Amerindian observers near the star Zeta Tauri. For several months it remains bright enough to be seen during the day. Its remnants form the Crab Nebula. * 1120 – Jordan II of Capua is anointed as prince after his infant nephew's death. *1187 – The Crusades: Battle of Hattin: Saladin defeats Guy of Lusignan, King of Jerusalem. * 1253 – Battle of West-Capelle: John I of Avesnes defeats Guy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erwin Axer
Erwin Axer (1 January 1917 – 5 August 2012) was a Polish theatre director, writer and university professor. A long-time head of Teatr Współczesny (Contemporary Theatre) in Warsaw, he also staged numerous plays abroad, notably in German-speaking countries, in the USA and Leningrad (USSR). Laureate of Witkacy Prize - Critics' Circle Award (1993). Life and career Although born in Vienna, Erwin Axer spent most of his early years in Lwów (modern Lviv, Ukraine). Born to a wealthy Jewish family of Maurycy Axer, a noted lawyer, and Ernestine née Schuster, young Erwin decided to devote his life to theatre. In late 1930s his début was '' Moon of the Caribbes'' by Eugene O'Neill. In 1938 he also staged ''Nędza uszczęśliwiona'' by Maciej Kamieński and ''The Tidings Brought to Mary'' by Paul Claudel. The following year he graduated from the State Institute of Theatrical Art and directed ''Miss Julie'' by August Strindberg. However, the Invasion of Poland and the outbreak of Wo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
A Dangerous Game (novel)
''A Dangerous Game'' is a 1956 novel by the Swiss writer Friedrich Dürrenmatt. Its original German title is ''Die Panne'', which means "The breakdown". It is known as ''Traps'' in the United States. It tells the story of a traveller who, when his car breaks down, is invited for dinner by a former judge, after which nightmarish developments follow. The work was initially written as a radio play, but was adapted into prose almost immediately. It won the 1956 Blind War Veterans’ Prize for best radio play and the literary award of the newspaper ''Tribune de Lausanne''. Plot Alfredo Traps, a sales representative, whose car breaks down during a trip in the provinces, finds lodging for the night in a house of a retired judge. The host invites Traps to participate in a game that the judge and his three friends—a former prosecutor, defense attorney and public hangman—play over dinner. The game in question is a pretend trial in which Traps will be the defendant. During the cross-exami ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Undivine Comedy
''The Undivine Comedy'' or ''The Un-divine Comedy'' ( pl, Nie Boska komedia or ''Nie-boska komedia''), is a play written by Polish Romantic poet Zygmunt Krasiński in 1833, published anonymously in 1835. Its main theme is sociopolitical conflict – in Krasiński's words, " etweenaristocracy and democracy". It is Krasiński's best-known work and is regarded as one of the most important works of Polish Romantic literature. History Krasiński began work on ''The Undivine Comedy'' in June 1833 in Vienna, and finished it in autumn the following year in Venice. It was published in Paris in 1835 anonymously, likely to protect the author's family from any repercussions in the Russian Empire, of which they were subjects. Krasiński's writings often contained thinly veiled references to current politics. Krasiński would later work on another drama related to ''The'' ''Undivine Comedy''. He considered composing a trilogy, of which the ''Undivine Comedy'' would likely have been the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
West Germany
West Germany is the colloquial term used to indicate the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG; german: Bundesrepublik Deutschland , BRD) between its formation on 23 May 1949 and the German reunification through the accession of East Germany on 3 October 1990. During the Cold War, the western portion of Germany and the associated territory of West Berlin were parts of the Western Bloc. West Germany was formed as a political entity during the Allied occupation of Germany after World War II, established from eleven states formed in the three Allied zones of occupation held by the United States, the United Kingdom, and France. The FRG's provisional capital was the city of Bonn, and the Cold War era country is retrospectively designated as the Bonn Republic. At the onset of the Cold War, Europe was divided between the Western and Eastern blocs. Germany was divided into the two countries. Initially, West Germany claimed an exclusive mandate for all of Germany, representing itself as t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Theatre, Warsaw
The National Theatre () in Warsaw, Poland, was founded in 1765, during the Polish Enlightenment, by that country's monarch, Stanisław August Poniatowski. The theatre shares the Grand Theatre complex at the Theatre Square in Warsaw with another national venue, the Poland's National Opera. History Opera was brought to Poland by future King Władysław IV Vasa within twenty years of the first opera presentations in Florence. In 1628 he invited the first Italian opera company to Warsaw. Upon ascending the Polish throne in 1632, he built a theatre in his castle, and regular opera performances were produced there by an Italian company directed by Marco Scacchi. The first public opera-theater in Poland, the '' Operalnia'' in Warsaw, was opened on July 3, 1748. It was located in the Saxon Garden (at today's intersection of Marszałkowska Street of Królewska Street) and functioned under royal patronage. The Operalnia's building was erected in 1725 at the initiative of Augustus II, co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ateneum Theatre
The Ateneum Theatre in Warsaw ( pl, Teatr Ateneum im. Stefana Jaracza w Warszawie) is a Polish dramatic theatre founded in 1928. It resides in a building erected a year earlier in the interwar Poland as headquarters for the Professional Union of PKP Railway Workers with offices upstairs. After World War II, the severely damaged structure was restored to its former glory with public funds. The state-run theatre reopened in 1951; named after its first and already famous prewar director Stefan Jaracz. History The ''Ateneum'' Theatre began as an experimental stage with strong socio-political profile, under an Avant-garde-inspired name ''The Outpost of Spoken Word'' (Placówka Żywego Słowa). Its artistic manifesto was influenced by the mainly proletarian Warsaw neighbourhood of Powiśle in which it was established. Two years into its existence, the artistic direction of Ateneum was taken over by popular actor Stefan Jaracz (1930). He worked there until the Nazi-Soviet in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fear And Misery Of The Third Reich
''Fear and Misery of the Third Reich'' (german: Furcht und Elend des Dritten Reiches), also known as ''The Private Life of the Master Race'', is one of Bertolt Brecht's most famous plays and the first of his openly anti-Nazi works. It premiered on 21 May 1938 in Paris. This production was directed by Slatan Dudow and starred Helene Weigel. The production employed Brecht's epic theatre techniques to defamiliarize the behaviour of the characters and to make explicit the play's underlying message. The play consists of a series of playlets, portraying National Socialist Germany of the 1930s as a land of poverty, violence, fear and pretence. Nazi antisemitism is depicted in several of the sketches, including "the Physicist", "Judicial Process", and "the Jewish Wife". It was followed by many more plays that were openly anti-Nazi (''Arturo Ui'', etc.) and attempted a Marxist analysis. They were written while Brecht was in exile in Denmark and were inspired by a visit to Moscow, where h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Berliner Ensemble
The Berliner Ensemble () is a German theatre company established by actress Helene Weigel and her husband, playwright Bertolt Brecht, in January 1949 in East Berlin. In the time after Brecht's exile, the company first worked at Wolfgang Langhoff's Deutsches Theater and in 1954 moved to the Theater am Schiffbauerdamm, built in 1892, that was open for the 1928 premiere of ''The Threepenny Opera'' (''Die Dreigroschenoper''). Bertolt Brecht's Berliner Ensemble Brecht's students Benno Besson, Egon Monk, Peter Palitzsch, and Manfred Wekwerth were given the opportunity to direct plays by Brecht that had not yet been staged. The stage designers Caspar Neher and Karl von Appen, the composers Paul Dessau and Hanns Eisler, as well as the dramaturge Elisabeth Hauptmann, were among Brecht's closest collaborators. After her husband died in 1956, Weigel continued managing the Berliner Ensemble until her death in 1971. The Berliner Ensemble achieved success through long and meticulous rehears ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kalisz
(The oldest city of Poland) , image_skyline = , image_caption = ''Top:'' Town Hall, Former "Calisia" Piano Factory''Middle:'' Courthouse, "Gołębnik" tenement''Bottom:'' Aerial view of the Kalisz Old Town , image_flag = POL Kalisz flag.svg , flag_border = no , image_shield = POL Kalisz COA.svg , pushpin_map = Poland Greater Poland Voivodeship#Poland , pushpin_relief = 1 , pushpin_label_position = bottom , subdivision_type = List of sovereign states, Country , subdivision_name = , subdivision_type1 = Voivodeships of Poland, Voivodeship , subdivision_name1 = , subdivision_type2 = Powiat, County , subdivision_name2 = ''city-county'' , leader_title = Mayor , leader_name = Krystian Kinastowski , established_title = Established , established_date = 9th century , established_title3 = Town rights , established_date3 = after 1268 , area_total_km2 = 69.42 , population_as_of = 31 December 2021 , population_total = 97,905 (List of cities and towns in Poland, 38th) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jerzy Szaniawski
Jerzy Szaniawski (Zegrzynek, 10 February 1886 – 16 March 1970, Warsaw) was a Polish writer, playwright, and essayist; an elected member of the prestigious Polish Academy of Literature in the interwar period. He is best remembered for his series of short stories about the fictitious Professor Tutka, published in daily press in postwar Poland. During Stalinism his writing was temporarily banned as "ideologically adverse".Monika Mokrzycka-Pokora Jerzy Szaniawski. Biography.''Culture.pl''. Retrieved 19 December 2011. Life and artistic career Szaniawski was born into a family of Polish landed gentry at an estate in Zegrzynek in east-central Poland under foreign partitions. His parents belonged to a local cultural elite visited by writers such as Maria Konopnicka and Konrad Prószyński. The estate was nationalized after World War II, but the actual manor remained his until the end of his life. Szaniawski went to school in Warsaw and studied agriculture in Lausanne, France, before ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Señora Carrar's Rifles
''Señora Carrar's Rifles'' (german: Die Gewehre der Frau Carrar) is a one-act play by the twentieth-century German dramatist Bertolt Brecht, written in collaboration with Margarete Steffin. It is a modern version of the Irish dramatist John Millington Synge's play ''Riders to the Sea'' (1904). The play's setting is re-located to Spain during the height of the Civil War. Teresa Carrar, the mother, wants to protect her children but ends up fighting on the side of the oppressed. Brecht wrote it in 1937 and it received its first theatrical production in the same year, opening in Paris on 16 October. This production was directed by Slatan Dudow and Helene Weigel played Señora Carrar.Willett (1959, 45-46). See also * List of German plays This is a list of German plays: A * ' (1807), by Heinrich von Kleist * '' Der aufhaltsame Aufstieg des Arturo Ui'' (1941) by Bertolt Brecht * '' Aufstieg und Fall der Stadt Mahagonny'' (1927–1930), by Bertolt Brecht B * ''Baal'' (1918/1923) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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