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Knuth Shuffle
Knuth is a name of Nordic origin. ''Knuth'' may refer to: As a surname: *Daniel Knuth, American politician, environmentalist, and educator *Donald Knuth, American computer scientist; whence: ** ''The Art of Computer Programming'', often referred to by the author's name **Knuth's Algorithm X ** 21656 Knuth, Asteroid ** Knuth–Morris–Pratt algorithm **Fisher–Yates shuffle, also known as the Knuth Shuffle, an algorithm for randomly permuting sets **Knuth Prize, a prize for outstanding contributions to the foundations of computer science **Knuth reward check **Knuth's up-arrow notation, a method of notation of very large integers *Eigil Knuth, Danish explorer and archaeologist *Frederik Marcus Knuth, Danish taxonomist * Jeff Knuth, Queensland politician *Kate Knuth, American politician * Paul Knuth, German botanist *Reinhard Gustav Paul Knuth, German botanist *Shane Knuth Shane Andrew Knuth (born 7 September 1966) is an Australian politician. He has been a member of the Queen ...
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Surname
In some cultures, a surname, family name, or last name is the portion of one's personal name that indicates one's family, tribe or community. Practices vary by culture. The family name may be placed at either the start of a person's full name, as the forename, or at the end; the number of surnames given to an individual also varies. As the surname indicates genetic inheritance, all members of a family unit may have identical surnames or there may be variations; for example, a woman might marry and have a child, but later remarry and have another child by a different father, and as such both children could have different surnames. It is common to see two or more words in a surname, such as in compound surnames. Compound surnames can be composed of separate names, such as in traditional Spanish culture, they can be hyphenated together, or may contain prefixes. Using names has been documented in even the oldest historical records. Examples of surnames are documented in the 11th ...
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Eigil Knuth
Count Eigil Knuth (8 August 1903 – 12 March 1996) was a Danish explorer, archaeologist, sculptor and writer. He is referred to as the Nestor ("elder statesman") of Danish polar explorers. His archaeological investigations were made in Peary Land and adjacent areas of High Arctic Greenland. Knuth was made a Knight of the Dannebrog. Early years Knuth was born in Klampenborg, near Copenhagen in Denmark. His parents were count Eigil Knuth sr, a captain, and Dijmphna (née Gamel). His hero was the Norwegian explorer Fridtjof Nansen who, in 1888, was the first to cross the Greenland ice cap; the trip was financed by State Councillor Augustinus Gamel, a Danish businessman, and Knuth's maternal grandfather. Gamel's birth gift to his grandson was a present Gamel had received from Nansen: the compass Nansen carried on his Greenland icecap expedition. Knuth studied building technology at Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts, and then woodcarving at Val Gardena in Italy between 1926 an ...
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Shay Knuth
Shay Knuth (born May 29, 1945, in Milwaukee, Wisconsin) was ''Playboy'' magazine's Playmate of the Month for September 1969. Her centerfold was photographed by Dwight Hooker. At the time of the photo shoot, she was studying sociology at the University of Wisconsin–Madison and working as a Bunny at the Playboy Resort in Lake Geneva, Wisconsin. Knuth later appeared on the covers of the January 1970 and December 1970 issues of ''Playboy'' as well as a "Playmates Forever" pictorial in the April 1984 issue. She also worked as a Bunny at the San Francisco and London Playboy Clubs and as the "Official Party Coordinator" for Studio 54. Knuth lived in Chicago and was appearing at "glamour conventions". See also * List of people in Playboy 1960–1969 This list of people in ''Playboy'' 1960–1969 is a catalog of women and men who appeared in ''Playboy'' magazine in the years 1960 through 1969. Not all of the people featured in the magazine are pictured in the nude. While e ...
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Shane Knuth
Shane Andrew Knuth (born 7 September 1966) is an Australian politician. He has been a member of the Queensland Legislative Assembly since 2004, representing three successive seats: Charters Towers (2004–2009), Dalrymple (2009–2017) and Hill (2017–present). He has variously represented the National Party (2004–08), the Liberal National Party (2008–11) and Katter's Australian Party (2011–present). Biography Knuth was born in the North Queensland town of Tully. His brother Jeff Knuth is a former One Nation parliamentarian. Shane Knuth entered the state parliament as the member for Charters Towers at the 2004 state election by defeating incumbent MP Christine Scott of the Labor Party on One Nation preferences. At the 2006 state election, Knuth was re-elected with a large swing, reverting Charters Towers to its traditional status as a comfortably safe National seat. Charters Towers was abolished in a redistribution ahead of the 2009 state election, and Knuth o ...
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Reinhard Gustav Paul Knuth
Reinhard Gustav Paul Knuth (1874–1957) was a German taxonomist, botanist and pteridologist responsible for "''Initia florae venezuelensis''" in 1928, and numerous contributions to Adolf Engler's "''Das Pflanzenreich''" on Geraniaceae, Oxalidaceae, Lecythidaceae, and other families. He worked for more than 50 years at the Botanical Museum in Berlin-Dahlem. As part of his training in plant systematics he visited the herbaria at Kew, Brussels, Geneva, Paris and Utrecht. He was not only a botanist, but was well-versed in zoology, chemistry and geography. While his main interests in botany were systematics and phytogeography, he also ventured into other disciplines and in his final 30 years was working on problems in bacteriology and the growth of Ascomycetes, the source of antibiotics and yeast. His own extensive herbarium collection of some 26 000 specimens was lost when the Dahlem Botanical Museum was destroyed by bombing and fire on the nights of 1 and 2 March 1943. The catastr ...
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Paul Knuth
Paul Erich Otto Wilhelm Knuth (20 November 1854 in Greifswald – 30 October 1900 in Kiel) was a 19th-century German botanist and pollination ecologist. He studied chemistry and natural history at the University of Greifswald and obtained his doctorate degree in 1876. He then took up a career as "high school" (Realschule) teacher, first in Iserlohn in Westphalia and from 1881 in Kiel. Parallel with his teaching duties, he found time to study the flora of Schleswig-Holstein and the North Frisian Islands and meticulous studies of plant-pollinator interactions, which he published in his monumental work ''Handbuch der Blütenbiologie''Handbook of Flower Biology from 1898 and continued after his death by Otto Appel and Ernst Loew). From 1891 he suffered from illness. He was granted leave of absence to visit the botanic garden at Buitenzorg in Java, where he stayed for five months and did pollination studies. He returned to Kiel via Japan, California and New York New York most com ...
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Kate Knuth
Kate Knuth (born May 15, 1981) is an American politician who served as a member of the Minnesota House of Representatives for District 50B from 2007 to 2013. She was a Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party candidate for mayor of Minneapolis in the city's 2021 election. Early life and education Katherine "Kate" Knuth was born on May 15, 1981, to parents Daniel Knuth and Joann Knuth. As an undergraduate at the University of Chicago, Knuth studied biology and philosophy. She worked at the Field Museum of Natural History and served as National President of the coed Venturing program of the Boy Scouts of America. After graduating with her B.A, Knuth spent a year in Norway as a Fulbright student, studying how the country's strong environmental ethic affected the development of oil into one of its major industries. She then moved to England to continue her education, completing a M.Sc at the University of Oxford in biodiversity conservation. She spent three weeks in Washington ...
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Jeff Knuth
Jeffrey Alan Knuth (born 9 March 1962) is an Australian politician. Biography Born in Ayr, Queensland, he was a painter and decorator before entering politics. In 1998, he was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Queensland as a member of Pauline Hanson's One Nation, representing the seat of Burdekin. He was party whip and spokesperson for Public Works and Housing until 23 February 1999, when he resigned from the party to sit as an independent. On 5 August, he formed the Country Party Queensland (initially known as New Country Party QLD) as a splinter group from One Nation, but on 18 February 2000 joined the larger City Country Alliance, led by Bill Feldman. He was defeated by Labor's Steve Rodgers in 2001, and contested the seat in the 2004 state election as an independent with the support of federal independent MP Bob Katter. While he lost, his preferences were enough to help the Nationals' Rosemary Menkens defeat Rodgers. He later became aligned with the national New ...
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Frederik Marcus Knuth
Frederik Marcus Knuth, 9th count of Knuthenborg (5 May 1904 – 14 June 1970) was a Danish taxonomist especially known for the collection and classification of cactuses. He collected and described many new species. According to the Bovrup File ''Bovrup-kartoteket'' ("The Bovrup File") is a partial transcript of the member file of the National Socialist Workers' Party of Denmark ( da, Danmarks Nationalsocialistiske Arbejderparti; DNSAP) created in 1945 by Danish resistance members and p ... Knuth was a member of DNSAP. References 1904 births 1970 deaths 20th-century Danish botanists 20th-century Danish landowners Botanists active in South America Danish counts Danish explorers Danish Nazis Knuth family {{Denmark-botanist-stub ...
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Knuth's Up-arrow Notation
In mathematics, Knuth's up-arrow notation is a method of notation for very large integers, introduced by Donald Knuth in 1976. In his 1947 paper, R. L. Goodstein introduced the specific sequence of operations that are now called ''hyperoperations''. Goodstein also suggested the Greek names tetration, pentation, etc., for the extended operations beyond exponentiation. The sequence starts with a unary operation (the successor function with ''n'' = 0), and continues with the binary operations of addition (''n'' = 1), multiplication (''n'' = 2), exponentiation (''n'' = 3), tetration (''n'' = 4), pentation (''n'' = 5), etc. Various notations have been used to represent hyperoperations. One such notation is H_n(a,b). Knuth's up-arrow notation \uparrow is an alternative notation. It is obtained by replacing /math> in the square bracket notation by n-2 arrows. For example: * the single arrow \uparrow represents exponentiation (iterated multiplication) 2 \uparrow 4 = H_3(2,4) = 2\times ...
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Daniel Knuth
Daniel J. Knuth (July 3, 1945 – October 5, 2020) was an American politician, educator, and environmental consultant. Early life and education Knuth was born in Mabel, Minnesota and graduated from Mabel High School. He received his bachelor's degree in physical geography from Minnesota State University, Mankato and his master's and doctorate degrees in physical geography from Indiana University. Career He worked as a hydrologist, as an environmental consultant and taught at Macalester College. Knuth served in the Minnesota House of Representatives from 1985 to 1988 and was a Democrat. Knuth lived in New Brighton, Minnesota with his wife and family. His daughter Kate Knuth and his brother-in-law Gordon Backlund also served in the Minnesota Legislature The Minnesota Legislature is the bicameral legislature of the U.S. state of Minnesota consisting of two houses: the Senate and the House of Representatives. Senators are elected from 67 single-member districts. In order ...
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Knuth Reward Check
Knuth reward checks are checks or check-like certificates awarded by computer scientist Donald Knuth for finding technical, typographical, or historical errors, or making substantial suggestions for his publications. The ''MIT Technology Review'' describes the checks as "among computerdom's most prized trophies". History Initially, Knuth sent real, negotiable checks to recipients. He stopped doing so in October 2008 because of problems with check fraud. As a replacement, he started his own "Bank of San Serriffe", in the fictional nation of San Serriffe, which keeps an account for everyone who found an error since 2006. Knuth now sends out "hexadecimal certificates" instead of negotiable checks. , Knuth reported having written more than 2,000 checks, with an average value exceeding $8 per check.Donald Knuth (2002),All questions answered", ''Notices of the AMS'' 49(3): 318-324. , the total value of the checks signed by Knuth was over $20,000. Very few of these checks were actually ...
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