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Kiviõli
Kiviõli (russian: Кивиыли) is an industrial town in Ida-Viru County, Estonia. The settlement was founded in 1922 and became a town in 1946. The main industry is oil shale mining, which gives the town its name (literally "stone oil"). In 2000, 51% of inhabitants were ethnic Russians and 39% were Estonians. Neighborhoods of Kiviõli Included in the town limits, but somewhat separate from the main part of the town, are the districts of Küttejõu and Varinurme. There are five neighborhoods of Kiviõli: *Küttejõu *Lepatee *Sala-Aru *Soopealse *Varinurme. Sport Estonian Sidecarcross Grand Prix has taken place in Kiviõli annually since 2008. Gallery File:Kivioli chemical plant.JPG, Kiviõli oil factory File:Kivioli chemical plant (2).JPG, File:Kiviõli1.jpg File:Ida-Viru Tuhamäed.JPG, Ash mountains See also *Eesti Kiviõli AS Eesti Kiviõli (german: Estnische Steinöl AG, English: Estonian Oil Shale Co. Ltd.) was an oil shale company located in Kiviõli, E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eesti Kiviõli
AS Eesti Kiviõli (german: Estnische Steinöl AG, English: Estonian Oil Shale Co. Ltd.) was an oil shale company located in Kiviõli, Estonia. It was a predecessor of ''Kiviõli Keemiatööstus'', a shale oil extraction company. The Kiviõli town is named after ''Eesti Kiviõli''. Eesti Kiviõli was established in 1922. At the same year it opened an open-pit oil shale mine near Sonda, which since 1930 continued operations as underground mine. Ots (2004), pp. 15–16 After unsuccessful tests with the moving grate kiln, the company built four tunnel kilns between 1927 and 1938, manufactured by AS Franz Krull. Holmberg (2008), pp. 103–104 It built new shale oil extraction plants in 1932 and in 1938. In the 1930s it became the largest shale oil producer in Estonia. Holmberg (2008), p. 345 In 1939, it produced 70,000 tonnes of shale oil. In 1934, ''Eesti Kiviõli'' and ''New Consolidated Gold Fields'' established the service station chain ''Trustivapaa Bensiini'' (now: T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eesti Küttejõud
AS Eesti Küttejõud (also: AS Eesti Kütte-Jõud; commonly: Küttejõud; literally: Estonian Heating Power) was an oil shale company located in Küttejõu, Estonia. The Küttejõu township, now district of Kiviõli, is named after the company. Eesti Küttejõud was established in 1922 by the Union of Estonian Industrialists. It was as the first private oil shale mining company. In 1925, the Tallinn pulp factory ''Põhja paberi- ja puupapivabrik'' ( en, Nordic Paper and Woodboard Mill) acquired the company. At the same year, the Küttejõu open-pit mine was opened. Ots (2004), pp. 15–16 Unlike other that time oil shale companies in Estonia, it did not have any shale oil extraction but only mining operations. Holmberg (2008), p. 105 It sold mined oil shale directly for heating fuel to the paper mill and power plants. EPA (1979), p. 4-183 In 1939, the company produced 126,238 tonnes of oil shale. Holmberg (2008), p. 344 After occupation of Estonia by the Soviet Union, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Cities And Towns In Estonia
The following is a list of the 47 cities and towns in Estonia. Before the Republic of Estonia became an in independent nation in 1918, many of these locations were known in the rest of the world by their German language names which were occasionally quite different from the ones used in the Estonian language. During the 1944–1991 Soviet occupation of Estonia, placenames were transliterated into Russian (Cyrillic alphabet) in the Soviet central government's documents, which in turn lead to the use of several incorrect back-transliterations from Russian (Cyrillic) alphabet into English (and other Latin alphabets) in some English-language maps and texts during the second half of the 20th century (for example, incorrect ''Pyarnu'', ''Vilyandi'', ''Pylva'', instead of the correct Pärnu, Viljandi, Põlva). Tallinn is the capital and the most populous city of Estonia. There are 46 other ''linn'', i.e. cities and towns in Estonia (as of 2022). The Estonian word ''linn'' means both "a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Municipalities Of Estonia
A municipality ( et, omavalitsus, plural ) is the smallest administrative subdivision of Estonia. Each municipality is a unit of self-government with its representative and executive bodies. The municipalities in Estonia cover the entire territory of the country. Municipalities in Estonia are of two types: *Urban municipalities or towns (, singular ) *Rural municipalities or Parish (administrative division), parishes (, singular ). There is no other status distinction between them. Municipalities may contain one or several Populated places in Estonia, settlements. All but 5 urban municipalities (Haapsalu (urban municipality), Haapsalu, Narva-Jõesuu (urban municipality), Narva-Jõesuu, Paide (urban municipality), Paide, Pärnu (urban municipality), Pärnu and Tartu (urban municipality), Tartu) plus 1 rural municipality (Ruhnu Parish, Ruhnu) contain only one settlement. As of 2017, there are no longer any "borough-parishes", i.e. rural municipalities with only one borough-typ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lüganuse Parish
Lüganuse Parish () is a municipality of Ida-Viru County in northern Estonia. As of 1 January 2015, it had a population of 2,941. In October 2013, the neighbouring Maidla Parish and the town of Püssi were merged into Lüganuse Parish. Settlements ;Towns Kiviõli, Püssi ;Small boroughs: Erra, Lüganuse, Sonda ;Villages: Aa, Aidu, Aidu-Liiva, Aidu-Nõmme, Aidu-Sooküla, Aruküla, Arupäälse, Aruvälja, Erra-Liiva, Hirmuse, Ilmaste, Irvala, Jabara, Koljala, Koolma, Kopli, Kulja, Liimala, Lipu, Lohkuse, Lümatu, Maidla, Matka, Mehide, Moldova, Mustmätta, Nüri, Oandu, Ojamaa, Piilse, Purtse, Rebu, Rääsa, Salaküla, Satsu, Savala, Sirtsi, Soonurme, Tarumaa, Uljaste, Uniküla, Vainu, Vana-Sonda, Varinurme, Varja, Veneoja, Virunurme and Voorepera Voorepera is a village in Lüganuse Parish, Ida-Viru County in northeastern Estonia Estonia, formally the Republic of Estonia, is a country by the Baltic Sea in Northern Europe. It is bordered to t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Populated Places Established In 1922
Population typically refers to the number of people in a single area, whether it be a city or town, region, country, continent, or the world. Governments typically quantify the size of the resident population within their jurisdiction using a census, a process of collecting, analysing, compiling, and publishing data regarding a population. Perspectives of various disciplines Social sciences In sociology and population geography, population refers to a group of human beings with some predefined criterion in common, such as location, race, ethnicity, nationality, or religion. Demography is a social science which entails the statistical study of populations. Ecology In ecology, a population is a group of organisms of the same species who inhabit the same particular geographical area and are capable of interbreeding. The area of a sexual population is the area where inter-breeding is possible between any pair within the area and more probable than cross-breeding with ind ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Populated Places In Ida-Viru County
Population typically refers to the number of people in a single area, whether it be a city or town, region, country, continent, or the world. Governments typically quantify the size of the resident population within their jurisdiction using a census, a process of collecting, analysing, compiling, and publishing data regarding a population. Perspectives of various disciplines Social sciences In sociology and population geography, population refers to a group of human beings with some predefined criterion in common, such as location, race, ethnicity, nationality, or religion. Demography is a social science which entails the statistical study of populations. Ecology In ecology, a population is a group of organisms of the same species who inhabit the same particular geographical area and are capable of interbreeding. The area of a sexual population is the area where inter-breeding is possible between any pair within the area and more probable than cross-breeding with ind ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Former Municipalities Of Estonia
A former is an object, such as a template, Gauge block, gauge or cutting Die (manufacturing), die, which is used to form something such as a boat's Hull (watercraft), hull. Typically, a former gives shape to a structure that may have complex curvature. A former may become an integral part of the finished structure, as in an aircraft fuselage, or it may be removable, being using in the construction process and then discarded or re-used. Aircraft formers Formers are used in the construction of aircraft fuselage, of which a typical fuselage has a series from the nose to the empennage, typically perpendicular to the Flight control surfaces#Longitudinal_axis, longitudinal axis of the aircraft. The primary purpose of formers is to establish the shape of the fuselage and reduce the column length of stringers to prevent instability. Formers are typically attached to longerons, which support the skin of the aircraft. The "former-and-longeron" technique (also called stations and string ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cities And Towns In Estonia
A city is a human settlement of notable size.Goodall, B. (1987) ''The Penguin Dictionary of Human Geography''. London: Penguin.Kuper, A. and Kuper, J., eds (1996) ''The Social Science Encyclopedia''. 2nd edition. London: Routledge. It can be defined as a permanent and densely settled place with administratively defined boundaries whose members work primarily on non-agricultural tasks. Cities generally have extensive systems for housing, transportation, sanitation, utilities, land use, production of goods, and communication. Their density facilitates interaction between people, government organisations and businesses, sometimes benefiting different parties in the process, such as improving efficiency of goods and service distribution. Historically, city-dwellers have been a small proportion of humanity overall, but following two centuries of unprecedented and rapid urbanization, more than half of the world population now lives in cities, which has had profound consequences for g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oil Shale
Oil shale is an organic-rich fine-grained sedimentary rock containing kerogen (a solid mixture of organic chemical compounds) from which liquid hydrocarbons can be produced. In addition to kerogen, general composition of oil shales constitutes inorganic substance and bitumens. Based on their deposition environment, oil shales are classified as marine, lacustrine and terrestrial oil shales. Oil shales differ from oil-''bearing'' shales, shale deposits that contain petroleum (tight oil) that is sometimes produced from drilled wells. Examples of oil-''bearing'' shales are the Bakken Formation, Pierre Shale, Niobrara Formation, and Eagle Ford Formation. Accordingly, shale oil produced from oil shale should not be confused with tight oil, which is also frequently called shale oil. Deposits of oil shale occur around the world, including major deposits in the United States. A 2016 estimate of global deposits set the total world resources of oil shale equivalent of of oil in place. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
