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King's Head Society
The King's Head Society was an 18th-century organisation funding dissenting academies in England. The King's Head Society was a group of laymen named after the pub behind the Royal Exchange at which they met. From 1730 they worked to promote Calvinism, by sponsoring young male scholars to attend dissenting academies. There nonconformists could learn the necessary "grammarian," or classical education, which was a pre-requisite for the four-year "academical" course of the Congregational Board. A classical education included the demanding and lengthy training period required for learning to read Greek and Latin texts in their original form. A secret society and discussion club at Homerton College, Cambridge (a descendent institution of one set up by the King's Head Society) is named after the Society. The King's Head Society Academies (1731–1769) included: * Samuel Parsons's Academy, Clerkenwell Green (1731–35); * Abraham Taylor's Academy, Deptford (1735–40); * Stepney Ac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dissenting Academies
The dissenting academies were schools, colleges and seminaries (often institutions with aspects of all three) run by English Dissenters, that is, those who Nonconformist (Protestantism), did not conform to the Church of England. They formed a significant part of education in England, England's educational systems from the mid-seventeenth to nineteenth centuries. Background After the Uniformity Act 1662, for about two centuries, it was difficult for any but practising members of the Church of England to gain degrees from the old English universities, at Cambridge and Oxford. The University of Oxford, in particular, required – until the Oxford University Act 1854 – a religious test on admission that was comparable to that for joining the Church. The situation at the University of Cambridge was that a statutory test was required to take a bachelor's degree. English Dissenters in this context were Nonconformist (Protestantism), Nonconformist Protestants who could not in good cons ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Royal Exchange, London
The Royal Exchange in London was founded in the 16th century by the merchant Sir Thomas Gresham on the suggestion of his factor Richard Clough to act as a centre of commerce for the City of London. The site was provided by the City of London Corporation and the Worshipful Company of Mercers, who still jointly own the freehold. The original foundation was ceremonially opened by Queen Elizabeth I who granted it its "royal" title. The current building is trapezoidal in floor plan and is flanked by Cornhill and Threadneedle Street, which converge at Bank junction in the heart of the city. It lies in the ward of Cornhill. The exchange building has twice been destroyed by fire and subsequently rebuilt. The present building was designed by Sir William Tite in the 1840s. The site was notably occupied by the Lloyd's insurance market for nearly 150 years. Today the Royal Exchange contains Fortnum & Mason The Bar & Restaurant, luxury shops, and offices. Traditionally, the steps of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calvinism
Calvinism (also called the Reformed Tradition, Reformed Protestantism, Reformed Christianity, or simply Reformed) is a major branch of Protestantism that follows the theological tradition and forms of Christian practice set down by John Calvin and other Reformation-era theologians. It emphasizes the sovereignty of God and the authority of the Bible. Calvinists broke from the Roman Catholic Church in the 16th century. Calvinists differ from Lutherans (another major branch of the Reformation) on the spiritual real presence of Christ in the Lord's Supper, theories of worship, the purpose and meaning of baptism, and the use of God's law for believers, among other points. The label ''Calvinism'' can be misleading, because the religious tradition it denotes has always been diverse, with a wide range of influences rather than a single founder; however, almost all of them drew heavily from the writings of Augustine of Hippo twelve hundred years prior to the Reformation. The na ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nonconformist (Protestantism)
In English church history, the Nonconformists, also known as a Free Church person, are Protestant Christians who did not "conform" to the governance and usages of the established church, the Church of England (Anglican Church). Use of the term in England was precipitated after the Restoration of the Stuart monarchy in 1660, when the Act of Uniformity 1662 renewed opposition to reforms within the established church. By the late 19th century the term specifically included other Reformed Christians ( Presbyterians and Congregationalists), plus the Baptists, Brethren, Methodists, and Quakers. The English Dissenters such as the Puritans who violated the Act of Uniformity 1559 – typically by practising radical, sometimes separatist, dissent – were retrospectively labelled as Nonconformists. By law and social custom, Nonconformists were restricted from many spheres of public life – not least, from access to public office, civil service careers, or degrees at university â ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Classical Education Movement
The classical education movement includes a growing number of organizations taking renewed inspiration from a traditional and historic liberal arts education and that focuses human formation and learning on the liberal arts (including the natural sciences) as well as canons of classical literature, the fine arts, and the history of civilization. While schools in the movement vary in their use of these categories, the general goal of the classical education movement is to encourage this group of studies within the hundreds of contemporary schools involved (both independent and public charter) as well as the thousands of homeschooling communities. This movement has inspired multiple gradate programs and colleges as well as ''Principia: A Journal of Classical Education'' (a peer-reviewed scholarly journal that publishes articles, policy research, editorials, and reviews related to the history, theory, practice, and pedagogy of classic liberal arts education and contemporary classica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Secret Society
A secret society is a club or an organization whose activities, events, inner functioning, or membership are concealed. The society may or may not attempt to conceal its existence. The term usually excludes covert groups, such as intelligence agencies or guerrilla warfare insurgencies, that hide their activities and memberships but maintain a public presence. Definitions The exact qualifications for labeling a group a secret society are disputed, but definitions generally rely on the degree to which the organization insists on secrecy, and might involve the retention and transmission of secret knowledge, the denial of membership or knowledge of the group, the creation of personal bonds between members of the organization, and the use of secret rites or rituals which solidify members of the group. Anthropologically and historically, secret societies have been deeply interlinked with the concept of the Männerbund, the all-male "warrior-band" or "warrior-society" of pre-modern cu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Homerton College, Cambridge
Homerton College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge. Its first premises were acquired in Homerton, London in 1768, by an informal gathering of Protestant dissenters with origins in the seventeenth century. In 1894, the college moved from Homerton High Street, Hackney, London, to Cambridge. Homerton was admitted as an "Approved Society" of the university in 1976, and received its Royal charter in 2010, affirming its status as a full college of the university. The college celebrated its 250th anniversary in 2018. With around 600 undergraduates, 800 postgraduates, and 90 fellows, it has more students than any other Cambridge college but, because only half of those are resident undergraduates, its undergraduate presence is similar to large colleges such as Trinity and St John's. The college has particularly strong ties to public service, as well as academia, having educated many prominent dissenting thinkers, educationalists, politicians, and missionary explo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abraham Taylor
Abraham Taylor ( fl. 1727–1740), was an English Independent minister and dissenting academy tutor, known as a controversialist. Life He was a son of Richard Taylor (d. 1717), independent minister at Little Moorfields, London. His name occurs in a list (December 1727) of "approved ministers" among congregationalists in the London district, and in 1728 he became minister at Deptford. Taylor's writings attracted the notice of William Coward, who selected him as one of nine preachers for a weekly lecture in defence of Calvinism at Paved Alley, Lime Street, in the City of London. While these lectures were proceeding in 1730–1, Taylor was ordained (1 January 1731), having been selected as divinity tutor for a new dissenting academy, established by the King's Head Society (itself founded 1730). It was an extended course of study (six years), in which more stress was to be laid on theological orthodoxy than on other learning. Soon Taylor clashed on a point of Calvinist theology with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zephaniah Marryat
Zephaniah Marryat (1684–1754) was an English Nonconformist minister. He was a strict Calvinist. Career Marryat was a tutor at dissenting academies funded by the King's Head Society. Between 1743 and 1744 he was a tutor at Stepney Academy; he then taught at Plaisterer's Hall Academy. At Plaisterer's Hall, he was the educator of Robert Robinson and Thomas Williams. Joseph Priestley was also sent to him, but Priestley 'resolutely opposed' the condition of subscribing every six months to 'ten printed articles of the strictest Calvinistic faith.' After Zephaniah Marryat suddenly died, John Conder filled his place as theological tutor in this academy, while Samuel Pike succeeded him as one of the Tuesday lecturers at Pinners' Hall. Personal life He was the father of Thomas Marryat. References Further readingMarryat, Zephaniah, D.D. in the ''Cyclopaedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature Cyclopedia, cyclopaedia or cyclopedien is an archaic term for encyclo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Conder
John Conder D.D. (3 June 1714 – 30 May 1781) was an Independent minister at Cambridge who later became President of the Independent College, Homerton in the parish of Hackney (parish), Hackney near London. John Conder was the theological tutor at Plaisterers' Hall Academy in 1754; and residential tutor and theological tutor at Mile End Academy (1754 to 1769), then the theological tutor at Homerton Academy (1769 to 1781). Life John Conder was born at Wimpole in Cambridgeshire on 3 June 1714. Both his father, Jabez Conder (d. 1727) and grandfather served as minister to an Independent congregation at Croydon, Cambridgeshire. At the time the Nonconformist (Protestantism), nonconformists were in great fear because of Parliament's ''Schism Bill'' under Anne, Queen of Great Britain, Queen Anne, passed as the never-enforced Schism Act 1714. Following the accession of George I of Great Britain, George I in 1714, a degree of religious toleration was won for nonconformists, though wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas Gibbons (hymn Writer)
Dr. Thomas Gibbons (1720–1785) was a London nonconformist minister who wrote hymns, sermons, and poetry. Life He was the son of Thomas Gibbons, at one time minister of a dissenting congregation at Olney in Buckinghamshire, and afterwards of a congregation at Royston in Hertfordshire. He was born at Reach, Cambridgeshire, on 31 May 1720, and went to local schools. At about 15 years of age he was sent to Abraham Taylor's dissenting academy in Deptford, and then to that of John Eames in Moorfields. In 1742 Gibbons was appointed assistant to the Rev. Thomas Bures, minister of the Silver Street Presbyterian congregation, and in the next year he was chosen minister of the Independent congregation of Haberdashers' Hall. In 1754 he was elected one of the three tutors of the Mile End academy, where he gave instruction in logic, metaphysics, ethics, and rhetoric, till the end of his life. He was chosen Sunday evening lecturer in the Monkwell Street meeting-house in 1759. He received th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Independent College, Homerton
Independent College, later Homerton Academy, was a dissenting academy in Homerton just outside London, England, in the 18th and early 19th centuries. Background In 1695 the Congregational Fund was set up in London to provide for the education of Calvinist ministers, and to provide an alternative to the education offered by the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge, which was barred by law to English Dissenters. Around 35 of these so-called dissenting academies arose during the 18th century, offering education without the requirement of conformity to the Church of England. They promoted a more modern curriculum of science, philosophy and modern history than the ancient universities who took a more traditionalist approach to learning. One of these was the Independent College, Homerton, which appointed Dr John Conder as President in 1754. It was supported by the King's Head Society. In 1850 the union of the Homerton establishment with Daventry Academy and Highbury College resulted in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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