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Khanasor Expedition
The Khanasor Expedition ( hy, Խանասորի արշավանքը, ''Khanasori arshavankë'') was a punitive raid launched by Armenian fedayees against the Kurdish Mazrik tribe on July 25, 1897. In 1896, in the aftermath of the Defense of Van, the Mazrik tribe had ambushed and slaughtered many of the Armenian defenders of Van as they were retreating into Persia. The Armenian Revolutionary Federation decided to retaliate for that atrocity, resulting in the Khanasor Expedition. Event About a year after the events in Van, the Armenian Revolutionary Federation decided to retaliate and "punish" the Kurdish Mazrik tribe for its role in the Hamidian massacres and its ambush of the defenders of Van. The Mazrik tribe were camped in the fields of Khanasor, near Avarayr. The ARF, with the support of the Hunchakians and the Armenakans, organized an attack on the tribe. The operation was planned by Nikol Duman alongside "Khanasora" Vartan Mehrpanian and Ishkhan Arghoutian, all of whom p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khanasor
The plain of Khanasor geographically lies between the district of Van and Iran, and was once heavily populated by Kurds ug:كۇردلار Kurds ( ku, کورد ,Kurd, italic=yes, rtl=yes) or Kurdish people are an Iranian ethnic group native to the mountainous region of Kurdistan in Western Asia, which spans southeastern Turkey, northwestern Iran, northern Ir .... Plains of Turkey Plains of Iran Landforms of Van Province {{Turkey-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hamidian Massacres
The Hamidian massacres also called the Armenian massacres, were massacres of Armenians in the Ottoman Empire in the mid-1890s. Estimated casualties ranged from 100,000 to 300,000, Akçam, Taner (2006) '' A Shameful Act: The Armenian Genocide and the Question of Turkish Responsibility'' p. 42, Metropolitan Books, New York resulting in 50,000 orphaned children. The massacres are named after Sultan Abdul Hamid II, who, in his efforts to maintain the imperial domain of the declining Ottoman Empire, reasserted pan-Islamism as a state ideology. Although the massacres were aimed mainly at the Armenians, in some cases they turned into indiscriminate anti-Christian pogroms, including the Diyarbekir massacres, where, at least according to one contemporary source, up to 25,000 Assyrians were also killed.. The massacres began in the Ottoman interior in 1894, before they became more widespread in the following years. The majority of the murders took place between 1894 and 1896. The m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battles Involving Armenia
A battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. A war usually consists of multiple battles. In general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and force commitment. An engagement with only limited commitment between the forces and without decisive results is sometimes called a skirmish. The word "battle" can also be used infrequently to refer to an entire operational campaign, although this usage greatly diverges from its conventional or customary meaning. Generally, the word "battle" is used for such campaigns if referring to a protracted combat encounter in which either one or both of the combatants had the same methods, resources, and strategic objectives throughout the encounter. Some prominent examples of this would be the Battle of the Atlantic, Battle of Britain, and Battle of Stalingrad, all in World War II. Wars and military campaigns are guided by military strategy, whereas bat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conflicts In 1897
Conflict may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Films * ''Conflict'' (1921 film), an American silent film directed by Stuart Paton * ''Conflict'' (1936 film), an American boxing film starring John Wayne * ''Conflict'' (1937 film), a Swedish drama film directed by Per-Axel Branner * ''Conflict'' (1938 film), a French drama film directed by Léonide Moguy * ''Conflict'' (1945 film), an American suspense film starring Humphrey Bogart * ''Catholics: A Fable'' (1973 film), or ''The Conflict'', a film starring Martin Sheen * ''Judith'' (1966 film) or ''Conflict'', a film starring Sophia Loren * ''Samar'' (1999 film) or ''Conflict'', a 1999 Indian film by Shyam Benegal Games * ''Conflict'' (series), a 2002–2008 series of war games for the PS2, Xbox, and PC * ''Conflict'' (video game), a 1989 Nintendo Entertainment System war game * '' Conflict: Middle East Political Simulator'', a 1990 strategy computer game Literature and periodicals * ''Conflict'' (novel) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armenian Resistance
Armenian resistance included military, political, and humanitarian efforts to counter Ottoman forces and mitigate the Armenian genocide during the first World War. Early in World War I, the Ottoman Empire commenced efforts to eradicate Armenian culture and eliminate Armenian life, through acts of killing and death marches into uninhabitable deserts and mountain regions. The result was the homogenisation of the Ottoman Empire and elimination of 90% of the Armenian Ottoman population. Those efforts were countered by Armenian attempts to mitigate the plight through the establishment of humanitarian networks. Those provided for basic needs like food and hiding places. Several armed uprisings attempted to resist deportation are notable, namely the Defence of Van (1915), in Musa Dag and Urfa. Still, violent resistance was rare and often not effective, compared to the humanitarian network which saved up to 200,000 Armenians from death. Local resistance movements were notably supported ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Occupation Of The Ottoman Bank
The occupation of the Ottoman Bank ( tr, Osmanlı Bankası Baskını, "Raid on the Ottoman Bank"; hy, Պանք Օթօմանի գրաւումը, ''Bank Otomani k'ravumĕ'' "Ottoman Bank takeover") by members of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation (Dashnak Party) took place in Istanbul, the capital of the Ottoman Empire, on 26 August 1896. In an effort to raise further awareness and action by the major European powers, 28 armed men and women led primarily by Papken Siuni and Armen Garo took over the bank which largely employed European personnel from Great Britain and France. Stirred largely due to the inaction of the European powers in regard to Hamidian massacres started by Sultan Abdul Hamid II. The Armenian Revolutionary Federation members saw its seizure as their best attempt to bring full attention to their plight. The Ottoman Bank, at the time, served as an important financial center for both the Empire and the countries of Europe. Armed with pistols, grenades, dynamit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gurgen Mahari
Gurgen Mahari (''Gurgen Grigori Ajemian''; , 1903 in Van – June 17, 1969 in Yerevan) was an Armenian writer and poet. His most significant works include the semi-autobiographical novella '' Barbed Wires in Blossom'' (1968) and the novel ''Burning Orchards'' (1966), which is set in the writer's hometown of Van on the eve of the Armenian genocide. Biography Gurgen fled to Eastern Armenia in 1915 during the Armenian genocide and found refuge in orphanages in Etchmiadzin, Dilijan, and Yerevan.''The Heritage of Armenian Literature'', vol. III, Akop J. Hacikyan, ed., Wayne State University Press, 2005, p. 1013 His first book, ''Titanic,'' was published in 1924. He then wrote his autobiographical trilogy (first part, "Childhood" was published in 1929, and the third part was finished in 1955) which tells the story of his survival and the tragedy experienced by the Armenians of Western Armenia. He was arrested in 1936, during Joseph Stalin's Great Purge and sentenced to 11 years ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karekin Pastermadjian
Garegin or Karekin Pastermadjian ( classical hy, Գարեգին Փաստրմաճեան), better known by his ''nom de guerre'' Armen Garo or Armen Karo (Արմէն Գարօ; 9 February 1872 – 23 March 1923) was an Armenian activist and politician. Armen Karo was a leading member of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation for more than two decades. He was one of the masterminds of the 1896 occupation of the Ottoman Bank in response to the Hamidian massacres and Operation Nemesis, in which several perpetrators of the Armenian genocide were assassinated. Between 1918 and 1920 he served as the first ambassador to the United States from the First Republic of Armenia. Biography Early life Karekin Pastermadjian was born in Karin (present day Erzurum Province). He finished his elementary education as one of the first graduates of the Sanasarian College of Erzerum (Sanasarian Varjaran Academy) in 1891. Later in 1894, he continued his studies in France to study agriculture at the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rosdom
Stepan Zorian (Armenian: Ստեփան Զօրեան, 1867–1919), better known by his '' nom de guerre'' Rostom (), was one of the three founders of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation and a leader of the Armenian national liberation movement. Founding of the ARF Zorian was born in the village of Tsghna in the Erivan Governorate of the Russian Empire (now located in the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan). He attended college in Moscow but dropped out before graduating. He eventually went to Tiflis, Georgia, where he met Christapor Mikaelian and Simon Zavarian, all would become revolutionaries. They co-founded the Armenian Revolutionary Federation (ARF) in 1890. Their new political party had a major impact on Armenians. It gained support by demanding reforms and taking up arms to defend Armenian citizens of the Ottoman Empire. Works and travels Zorian moved to Geneva, Switzerland where he managed the ''Droshak Journal'' (Troshag) newspaper, as the editor. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harutiun Shahrigian
, image = H.Shahrikyan.jpg , image_size = 200 , caption = , birth_date = 1860 , birth_place = Shabin-Karahisar, Ottoman Empire , death_date = , death_place = Ankara, Ottoman Empire , nickname = Atom, Adom, Nitra , birth_name = Harutiun Shahrigian Mkrtichi , allegiance = Dashnaktsutyun , branch = , serviceyears = 1880–1915 , rank = , servicenumber = , unit = , commands = , battles = Armenian national liberation movementKhanasor Expedition Armenian–Tatar massacres of 1905–07 , battles_label = , awards = , spouse = , relations = , laterwork = , signature = Harutiun Shahrigian ( hy, Հարություն Մկրտիչի Շահրիկյան; 1860–1915) was an Armenian politician, soldier, lawyer, and author. Better known by nicknames Atom, ( hy, Ատոմ), Nitra ( hy, Նիթրա), he had a prominent role in the Armenian Revolutionary Federation (ARF) and was also a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ishkhan Arghoutian
Ishkhan ( hy, Իշխան, "prince"; 18831915), born Nikoghayos Mikayelian, and also known as Nigol, was an Armenian '' fedayi'', a member of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation. Along with Aram Manukian and Arshak Vramian, he was a leading figure in Van just before and during the early stages of World War I. He was well known for arming Armenian villages in eastern Anatolia and organizing their defences to defend themselves from attacks and raids by Turks and Kurds ug:كۇردلار Kurds ( ku, کورد ,Kurd, italic=yes, rtl=yes) or Kurdish people are an Iranian ethnic group native to the mountainous region of Kurdistan in Western Asia, which spans southeastern Turkey, northwestern Iran, northern Ir .... He was killed on 17 April 1915 just before the Turks besieged Van. References * 1881 births 1915 deaths Armenian fedayi Armenian nationalists Armenian people of World War I People who died in the Armenian genocide Armenians from the Ottoman Empire {{A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
"Khanasora" Vartan Mehrpanian
Sargis Mehrabyan ( hy, Սարգիս Մեհրաբյան), also known as Commander Vartan, Vartan of Khanasor and Vartan Mehrpanian, was an Armenian fedayee military commander and member of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation.Tasnapetean, Hrach. ''History of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation, Dashnaktsutiun, 1890–1924'' Biography Sargis Mehrabyan was one of the founding members of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation party and a close friend of leaders Kristapor Mikayelian and Simon Zavarian. In the 1890s, he directed party activity in Iranian Azerbaijan, where he organized the transfer of people and supplies of weapons to fight against Ottoman Turkey. His was commonly known by his ''nom de guerre'' Vartan. At the time of the Hamidian massacres in the summer of 1896, he led the defense of villages in the region of the current Catak district in Western Armenia (now Turkey) and the Van province. The following year, he was one of the leaders, along with Prince Hovsep Arghut ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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