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Keystone Gallery
Keystone Gallery is a fossil museum north of Scott City, Kansas, that was established in 1991 in a former church building by Chuck Bonner and Barbara Shelton to display the region's fossils. Chuck Bonner is the son of the paleontologist Marion Charles Bonner, and the family's fossils are found in museums across the country. A mural by Bonner depicts ancient sea creatures that lived in this area of western Kansas 82 to 87 million years ago and were deposited in the Niobrara Formation. The museum is nine miles, respectively, from Monument Rocks, Kansas's first National Natural Landmark; Historic Lake Scott State Park, home of El Cuartelejo, the only known Indian pueblo in Kansas; and Little Jerusalem Badlands State Park. The museum's fossil collection includes a 20-foot mosasaur, a 14-foot ''Xiphactinus'' fish, ''Pteranodon'' specimens, fossil birds, and numerous other late Cretaceous animals. The owners are field paleontologists and were participants in the NOVA series ''Making ...
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Nearly Complete Specimen Of Xiphactinus, Extinct Fish From The Cretaceous Period
Proximity may refer to: * Distance, a numerical description of how far apart objects are * Proxemics, the study of human spatial requirements and the effects of population density * ''Proximity'' (2000 film), an action/thriller film * ''Proximity'' (2020 film), a science fiction drama film * Proximity fuze, a fuze that detonates an explosive device automatically when the distance to the target becomes smaller than a predetermined value * Proximity sensor, a sensor able to detect the presence of nearby objects without any physical contact * Proximity space, or nearness space, in topology * Proximity (horse) Proximity (1942-1966) was a Standardbred U.S. Harness Racing Hall of Fame inductee and Champion trotting racemare. She was trained and driven by future Canadian and U.S. Hall of Fame inductee Clint Hodgins. Owned by Ralph & Gordon Verhurst, in ... See also

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Scott City, Kansas
Scott City is a city in and the county seat of Scott County, Kansas, Scott County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, the population of the city was 4,113. History Early history For millennia, the Great Plains of North America were inhabited by nomadic Native Americans in the United States, Native Americans. From the 16th to 18th centuries, the Kingdom of France claimed ownership of large parts of North America. In 1762, after the French and Indian War, France secretly ceded New France to Spain, by the Treaty of Fontainebleau (1762), Treaty of Fontainebleau. 19th century In 1802, Spain returned most of the land to France, keeping title to about 7,500 square miles. In 1803, most of the land for History of Kansas, modern day Kansas was acquired by the United States from France as part of the 828,000 square mile Louisiana Purchase. In 1854, the Kansas Territory was organized under the provisions of the Kansas–Nebraska Act, then in 1861 K ...
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Marion Charles Bonner
Marion Charles Bonner (1911–1992), based for most of his life in Leoti, Kansas, was an American field paleontologist who discovered and collected hundreds of fossils, primarily from the Niobrara Cretaceous Smoky Hill chalk outcroppings in Logan, Scott, and Gove counties of western Kansas. Largely self-taught, he frequently collaborated with museum paleontologists, including George F. Sternberg, at Fort Hays State University in Hays, Kansas, and Shelton P. Applegate, at the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History. Notable fossils collected by Bonner Bonner’s fossil collecting career spanned 60 years. Notable specimens include a nearly complete short-necked plesiosaur, ''Dolichorhynchops'' ''osborni''; three new species of invertebrates -- ''Pecten'' ''bonneri'' (bivalve mollusk described in 1968), ''Niobrarateuthis bonneri'' (squid described in 1957), and ''Enchoteuthus melanae'' (squid described in 1968). A new fish genus occupying the bottom-feeding niche in the Niobrara ...
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Niobrara Formation
The Niobrara Formation , also called the Niobrara Chalk, is a geologic formation in North America that was deposited between 87 and 82 million years ago during the Coniacian, Santonian, and Campanian stages of the Late Cretaceous. It is composed of two structural units, the Smoky Hill Chalk Member overlying the Fort Hays Limestone Member. The chalk formed from the accumulation of coccoliths from microorganisms living in what was once the Western Interior Seaway, an inland sea that divided the continent of North America during much of the Cretaceous. It underlies much of the Great Plains of the US and Canada. Evidence of vertebrate life is common throughout the formation and includes specimens of plesiosaurs, mosasaurs, and pterosaurs as well as several primitive aquatic birds. The type locality for the Niobrara Chalk is the Niobrara River in Knox County in northeastern Nebraska. The formation gives its name to the Niobrara cycle of the Western Interior Seaway. History of ...
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Monument Rocks (Kansas)
Monument Rocks (also Chalk Pyramids) are a series of large chalk formations in Gove County, Kansas, rich in fossils. The formations were the first landmark in Kansas chosen by the US Department of the Interior as a National Natural Landmark. The chalk formations reach a height of up to and include formations such as buttes and arches. The carbonate deposits were laid down during the Cretaceous Period in what was then the Western Interior Seaway, which split the continent of North America into two landmasses. They are estimated to have been formed 80 million years ago. History On January 29, 2008, Monument Rocks, 25 miles south of Oakley, Kansas, and Castle Rock, 31 miles to the east, were jointly named as one of the 8 Wonders of Kansas.http://www.nps.gov/tapr/learn/news/upload/8wndrsAnncmntNEWSRELEASE.pdf Gallery File:A328, Monument Rocks National Natural Landmark, Gove County, Kansas, 2011.JPG, Wide view of largest formation and arch File:MonumentRock.JPG, Southernmost rock ...
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Lake Scott State Park
Lake Scott State Park is a List of Kansas state parks, Kansas state park in Scott County, Kansas, Scott County, Kansas in the United States. The park was established in 1928 following a donation of the land by the Herbert Steele family. The park, also known as Scott State Park, surrounds Lake Scott, a spring-fed freshwater lake. Lake Scott State Park is between Oakley, Kansas, Oakley and Scott City, Kansas, Scott City, about one mile west of U.S. Route 83 in Kansas, U.S. Route 83 on K-95 (Kansas highway), Route K-95. The park is open for year-round recreation including camping, hunting, fishing, hiking, boating and picnicking. Lake Scott State Park is home to the only known Indian pueblo in Kansas, El Cuartelejo. History Lake Scott State Park is the site of a ruined Taos Pueblo. The Taos arrived in western Kansas in 1664. After having escaped the Spanish colonization of the Americas, Spanish colonial rule in New Mexico. They formed an alliance with a group of Plains Apache. The Ta ...
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El Cuartelejo
El Cuartelejo, or El Quartelejo (from Spanish ''cuartelejo'', meaning ''old building'' or ''barracks''), is a region in eastern Colorado and western Kansas where Plains Apache cohabited with Puebloans. Subject to religious persecution, Puebloans fled the Spanish Santa Fe de Nuevo México, Nuevo México territory and cohabitated with the Cuartelejo villagers in the 1600s. Some people fled to the Arkansas River area of present-day Kiowa County, Colorado. Juan de Ulibarri came to the Arkansas River area of Colorado in 1706 to capture and return Pueblo Native Americans who fled Nuevo Mexico in 1680. In Kansas, an archeological district is the site of a Plains Apache and Puebloan village. It is the northernmost Native American pueblo and the only known pueblo in Kansas. Located in Lake Scott State Park, the remains of the stone and adobe pueblo are situated 13 miles north of Scott City, Kansas, in Ladder Creek, Ladder Creek Canyon. It is also known as The Scott County Pueblo. In 1964 ...
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Little Jerusalem Badlands State Park
Little Jerusalem Badlands State Park is a state park in Logan County, Kansas, United States. It is owned by The Nature Conservancy and located about south of Oakley and a similar distance north of Scott City. The park features of Smoky Hill Chalk badlands with many narrow canyons in white rock likened to the walls and narrow winding streets of ancient Jerusalem. Little Jerusalem Badlands State Park is open year-round during daylight hours only. Visitors are not allowed off-trail unless accompanied by park staff on a guided tour. See also Nearby Smoky Hill Chalk natural monuments: *Castle Rock (Kansas) *Monument Rocks (Kansas) Monument Rocks (also Chalk Pyramids) are a series of large chalk formations in Gove County, Kansas, rich in fossils. The formations were the first landmark in Kansas chosen by the US Department of the Interior as a National Natural Landmark. The ... References State parks of Kansas {{Kansas-geo-stub ...
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Mosasaur
Mosasaurs (from Latin ''Mosa'' meaning the 'Meuse', and Greek ' meaning 'lizard') comprise a group of extinct, large marine reptiles from the Late Cretaceous. Their first fossil remains were discovered in a limestone quarry at Maastricht on the Meuse in 1764. They belong to the order Squamata, which includes lizards and snakes. Mosasaurs probably evolved from an extinct group of aquatic lizards known as aigialosaurs in the Earliest Late Cretaceous with 42 described genera. During the last 20 million years of the Cretaceous period (Turonian–Maastrichtian ages), with the extinction of the ichthyosaurs and pliosaurs, mosasaurs became the dominant marine predators. They themselves became extinct as a result of the K-Pg event at the end of the Cretaceous period, about 66 million years ago. Description Mosasaurs breathed air, were powerful swimmers, and were well-adapted to living in the warm, shallow inland seas prevalent during the Late Cretaceous period. Mosasaurs were so ...
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Xiphactinus
''Xiphactinus'' (from Latin and Greek for "sword-ray") is an extinct genus of large (Shimada, Kenshu, and Michael J. Everhart. "Shark-bitten Xiphactinus audax (Teleostei: Ichthyodectiformes) from the Niobrara Chalk (Upper Cretaceous) of Kansas." The Mosasaur 7 (2004): 35-39.) predatory marine bony fish that lived during the Late Cretaceous (Albian to Maastrichtian). Species in the genus bore a superficial resemblance to a gargantuan, fanged tarpon. The species ''Portheus molossus'' described by Cope is a junior synonym of ''X. audax''. Skeletal remains of ''Xiphactinus'' have come from the Carlile Shale and Greenhorn Limestone of Kansas (where the first ''Xiphactinus'' fossil was discovered during the 1850s in the Niobrara Chalk),''Xiphactinus''
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Pteranodon
''Pteranodon'' (); from Ancient Greek (''pteron'', "wing") and (''anodon'', "toothless") is a genus of pterosaur that included some of the largest known flying reptiles, with ''P. longiceps'' having a wingspan of . They lived during the late Cretaceous geological period of North America in present-day Kansas, Nebraska, Wyoming, South Dakota and Alabama. More fossil specimens of ''Pteranodon'' have been found than any other pterosaur, with about 1,200 specimens known to science, many of them well preserved with nearly complete skulls and articulated skeletons. It was an important part of the animal community in the Western Interior Seaway. ''Pteranodon'' was not a dinosaur. By definition, all dinosaurs belong to the group Dinosauria; ''Pteranodon'' belongs to the group Pterosauria. Nonetheless, ''Pteranodon'' is the most famous pterosaur, frequently featured in dinosaur media and strongly associated with dinosaurs by the general public. While not dinosaurs, pterosaurs such as ' ...
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Nova (American TV Program)
''Nova'' (stylized as ''NOVΛ'') is an American popular science television program produced by WGBH in Boston, Massachusetts, since 1974. It is broadcast on PBS in the United States, and in more than 100 other countries. The program has won many major television awards. ''Nova'' often includes interviews with scientists doing research in the subject areas covered and occasionally includes footage of a particular discovery. Some episodes have focused on the history of science. Examples of topics covered include the following: Colditz Castle, the Drake equation, elementary particles, the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens, Fermat's Last Theorem, the AIDS epidemic, global warming, moissanite, Project Jennifer, storm chasing, Unterseeboot 869, Vinland, Tarim mummies, and the COVID-19 pandemic. The ''Nova'' programs have been praised for their pacing, writing, and editing. Websites that accompany the segments have also won awards. Episodes History ''Nova'' was first aired o ...
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