|
Kembawacela
''Kembawacela'' ("iron digger") is an extinct genus of cistecephalid dicynodont from the Late Permian of East Africa. The genus contains two known species, the type species ''Kembawacela kitchingi'' from the Madumabisa Mudstone Formation of Zambia described in 2019, and a second species, ''K. yajuwayeyi'', from the Chiweta Beds of Malawi described in 2022. Like other cistecephalids, ''Kembawacela'' was specialised for a fossorial, burrowing lifestyle similar to modern day moles. It is unique amongst cistecephalids for the presence of a pair of tusks in the upper jaw, characteristic of many other dicynodonts but lost in other cistecephalids. It is likely that ''Kembawacela'' was a locally endemic species of cistecephalid in the Luangwa Basin of Zambia. Description ''Kembawacela'' broadly resembled other cistecephalids in size and shape. It was a small dicynodont (skull length roughly long along the base) and had a highly specialised body plan for digging. ''Kembawacela'' is k ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2022 In Paleontology
Flora Plants Fungi Newly named fungi Mycological research * A study on the anatomy of specimens of ''Prototaxites'' from the Heider quarry in Germany and the Bordeaux quarry in Canada is published by Vajda ''et al.'' (2022), who interpret specimens of ''Prototaxites'' as fungi and as rhizomorphs. * Yang ''et al.'' (2022) describe new fossil material of '' Daohugouthallus ciliiferus'' from the Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation (China), providing evidence that this macrolichen inhabited a gymnosperm branch, and name a new family Daohugouthallaceae placed within the class Lecanoromycetes. "Algae" Floral research * Sforna ''et al.'' (2022) report the discovery of bound nickel-tetrapyrrole moieties preserved within cells of a ~1-billion-years-old eukaryote '' Arctacellularia tetragonala'' from the BII Group of the Mbuji-Mayi Supergroup (Democratic Republic of the Congo), identify the tetrapyrrole moieties as chlorophyll derivatives, and interpret ''A. tetragonala'' as one of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cistecephalid
Cistecephalidae is an extinct family of dicynodont therapsids from the Late Permian of South Africa, India and Zambia. It includes the genera ''Cistecephalus'', ''Cistecephaloides'', and '' Kawingasaurus''. Cistecephalids are thought to have had a fossorial or burrowing lifestyle, with adaptations such as broad skulls, strong forelimbs, and squat bodies. A similar group of dicynodonts called the pylaecephalids were also fossorial, although to a lesser extent than cistecephalids. Cistecephalids showed a high level of endemism, with each of the five known species unique to a single region. Description Cistecephalids were small dicynodonts. Most species, with the exception of '' Kembawacela'', lacked tusks, but sexually dimorphic supraorbital ridges were present. Cistecephalids had boxy, broad skulls with relatively laterally directed temporal openings, a result of a considerably broadened intertemporal region. ''Sauroscaptor'', the most basal genus of the family, had a less extr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2019 In Paleontology
Flora Plants Fungi Paleomycological research * Fossil sporocarps indistinguishable from sporocarps of members of the extant genus ''Stemonitis'' are described from the Cretaceous amber from Myanmar by Rikkinen, Grimaldi & Schmidt (2019). * A study on the impact of major historical events such as the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event on the evolution of two major subclasses of lichen-forming fungi ( Lecanoromycetidae and Ostropomycetidae) is published by Huang ''et al.'' (2019). * Description of crustose lichens from European Paleogene amber is published by Kaasalainen ''et al.'' (2019). * Fungi belonging to the genera '' Periconia'', ''Penicillium'' and ''Scopulariopsis'', representing the first and the oldest known fossil record of these taxa, are described from the Eocene Baltic amber by Tischer ''et al.'' (2019). Sponges Research * Sponge spicules and spicule-like structures that probably represent sponge fossils are described from four sections of the Ediacaran-Ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kawingasaurus
''Kawingasaurus'' is an extinct genus of dicynodont therapsid from the Late Permian Usili Formation of Tanzania. It is a member of the family Cistecephalidae Cistecephalidae is an extinct family (biology), family of dicynodont therapsids from the Late Permian of South Africa, India and Zambia. It includes the genera ''Cistecephalus'', ''Cistecephaloides'', and ''Kawingasaurus''. Cistecephalids are tho ..., and like other cistecephalids it is thought to have been fossorial. References External links The main groups of non-mammalian synapsids at Mikko's Phylogeny Archive Dicynodonts Lopingian synapsids of Africa Permian Tanzania Fossils of Tanzania Lopingian genus first appearances Lopingian genus extinctions Fossil taxa described in 1972 Anomodont genera {{anomodont-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ulna
The ulna (''pl''. ulnae or ulnas) is a long bone found in the forearm that stretches from the elbow to the smallest finger, and when in anatomical position, is found on the medial side of the forearm. That is, the ulna is on the same side of the forearm as the little finger. It runs parallel to the radius, the other long bone in the forearm. The ulna is usually slightly longer than the radius, but the radius is thicker. Therefore, the radius is considered to be the larger of the two. Structure The ulna is a long bone found in the forearm that stretches from the elbow to the smallest finger, and when in anatomical position, is found on the medial side of the forearm. It is broader close to the elbow, and narrows as it approaches the wrist. Close to the elbow, the ulna has a bony process, the olecranon process, a hook-like structure that fits into the olecranon fossa of the humerus. This prevents hyperextension and forms a hinge joint with the trochlea of the humerus. There is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Papers In Palaeontology
The Palaeontological Association (PalAss for short) is a charitable organisation based in the UK founded in 1957 for the promotion of the study of palaeontology and allied sciences. Publications The Association publishes two main journals: ''Palaeontology'' and ''Papers in Palaeontology''. The latter is the successor to the now discontinued ''Special Papers in Palaeontology.'' In addition, the ''Palaeontology Newsletter'' is published 3 times per year, and the '' Field Guides to Fossils'' series covering important palaeontological biotas is published in book form. Awards The Association confers a number of awards, including the Gertrude Elles Award for high-quality public engagement; the Mary Anning Award for outstanding contributions from those not professionally employed in palaeontology; the Hodson Award for exceptional early-career achievement; the President's Medal as a mid-career award; and the organisation's highest award for exceptional lifetime achievement, the Lapw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Temporal Fenestra
An infratemporal fenestra, also called the lateral temporal fenestra or simply temporal fenestra, is an opening in the skull behind the orbit in some animals. It is ventrally bordered by a zygomatic arch. An opening in front of the eye sockets, conversely, is called an antorbital fenestra. Both of these openings reduce the weight of the skull. Infratemporal fenestrae are commonly (although not universally) seen in the fossilized skulls of dinosaurs. Synapsids, including mammals, have one temporal fenestra, while sauropsids Sauropsida ("lizard faces") is a clade of amniotes, broadly equivalent to the class Reptilia. Sauropsida is the sister taxon to Synapsida, the other clade of amniotes which includes mammals as its only modern representatives. Although early sy ..., the birds and reptiles, have two. References {{ref list Dinosaur anatomy Foramina of the skull ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cistecephalus
''Cistecephalus'' is an extinct genus of dicynodont therapsid from the Late Permian of southern Africa (South Africa and Zambia). It was a small, specialised, burrowing dicynodont, possibly with habits similar to a modern mole. The head was flattened and wedge-shaped, the body long, and the forelimbs very strong, with similarities in structure to the forelimb of modern burrowing mammals. It was one of the first genera of dicynodonts to be described, by Richard Owen, in 1876. ''Cistecephalus'' could reach up to in length. Description ''Cistecephalus'' was one of the most atypical dicynodont genera. However, it was broadly similar in anatomy to other cistecephalids, all of which share similar adaptations to digging. Its skull was broad, with laterally-directed temporal openings and a sharply tapering snout, similar to extant fossorial animals. However, it has relatively large, anteriorly-directed orbits, suggesting binocular vision. It had a short neck and laterally-directed sho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cistecephaloides
''Cistecephaloides'' is an extinct genus of dicynodont therapsids of the Cistecephalus Assemblage Zone, ''Cistecephalus'' Assemblage Zone, Beaufort Group of South Africa. at Fossilworks.org See also * List of therapsidsReferences External links The main groups of non-mammalian synapsids at Mikko's Phylogeny Archive Dicynodonts Lopingian synapsids of Africa Permian South Africa Fossils of South Africa Beaufort Group Fossil taxa described in 1974 Anomodont genera {{anomodont-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Late Permian
Late may refer to: * LATE, an acronym which could stand for: ** Limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy, a proposed form of dementia ** Local-authority trading enterprise, a New Zealand business law ** Local average treatment effect, a concept in econometrics Music * Late (album), ''Late'' (album), a 2000 album by The 77s * Late!, a pseudonym used by Dave Grohl on his ''Pocketwatch (album), Pocketwatch'' album * Late (rapper), an underground rapper from Wolverhampton * Late (song), "Late" (song), a song by Blue Angel * "Late", a song by Kanye West from ''Late Registration'' Other * Late (Tonga), an uninhabited volcanic island southwest of Vavau in the kingdom of Tonga * Late (The Handmaid's Tale), "Late" (''The Handmaid's Tale''), a television episode * LaTe, Laivateollisuus, Oy Laivateollisuus Ab, a defunct shipbuilding company * Late may refer to a person who is Dead See also * * * ''Lates'', a genus of fish in the lates perch family * Later (other) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zygomatic Arch
In anatomy, the zygomatic arch, or cheek bone, is a part of the skull formed by the zygomatic process of the temporal bone (a bone extending forward from the side of the skull, over the opening of the ear) and the temporal process of the zygomatic bone (the side of the cheekbone), the two being united by an oblique suture (the zygomaticotemporal suture); the tendon of the temporal muscle passes medial to (i.e. through the middle of) the arch, to gain insertion into the coronoid process of the mandible (jawbone). The jugal point is the point at the anterior (towards face) end of the upper border of the zygomatic arch where the masseteric and maxillary edges meet at an angle, and where it meets the process of the zygomatic bone. The arch is typical of '' Synapsida'' (“fused arch”), a clade of amniotes that includes mammals and their extinct relatives, such as ''Moschops'' and '' Dimetrodon''. Structure The zygomatic process of the temporal arises by two roots: * an ''anter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Femur
The femur (; ), or thigh bone, is the proximal bone of the hindlimb in tetrapod vertebrates. The head of the femur articulates with the acetabulum in the pelvic bone forming the hip joint, while the distal part of the femur articulates with the tibia (shinbone) and patella (kneecap), forming the knee joint. By most measures the two (left and right) femurs are the strongest bones of the body, and in humans, the largest and thickest. Structure The femur is the only bone in the upper leg. The two femurs converge medially toward the knees, where they articulate with the proximal ends of the tibiae. The angle of convergence of the femora is a major factor in determining the femoral-tibial angle. Human females have thicker pelvic bones, causing their femora to converge more than in males. In the condition ''genu valgum'' (knock knee) the femurs converge so much that the knees touch one another. The opposite extreme is ''genu varum'' (bow-leggedness). In the general populatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
