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Kehlsteinhaus
The (known in English as the Eagle's Nest) is a Nazi-constructed building erected atop the summit of the Kehlstein, a rocky outcrop that rises above Obersalzberg near the southeast German town of Berchtesgaden. It was used exclusively by members of the Nazi Party for government and social meetings. It was visited on 14 documented instances by Adolf Hitler. Today, it is open seasonally as a restaurant, beer garden, and tourist site. Construction The Kehlsteinhaus sits on a ridge atop the Kehlstein, a subpeak of the Hoher Göll that rises above the town of Berchtesgaden. It was commissioned by Martin Bormann in the summer of 1937. Paid for by the Nazi Party, it was completed in 13 months. Twelve workers died during its construction. A wide approach road climbs over ; it includes five tunnels and one hairpin turn. It cost to build (about $247 million USD, inflation-adjusted for 2022). Hitler's birthday in April 1939 was considered a deadline for the project's completion, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Obersalzberg
Obersalzberg is a mountainside retreat situated above the market town of Berchtesgaden in Bavaria, Germany. Located about south-east of Munich, close to the border with Austria, it is best known as the site of Adolf Hitler's former mountain residence, the Berghof, and of the mountaintop Kehlsteinhaus, popularly known in the English-speaking world as the "Eagle's Nest". All of the Nazi era buildings (except the Kehlsteinhaus, which still exists and now serves as a restaurant and tourist attraction) were demolished in the 1950s, but the relevant past of the area is the subject of the ''Dokumentationszentrum Obersalzberg'' museum, which opened in 1999. History The name of the settlement area derives from the rock salt deposits in the former Prince-Provostry of Berchtesgaden. Salt mining at ''Pherg'' is documented since the 12th century and a major salt mine opened in 1517. It was destroyed in 1834 but rebuilt and named the "Old Salt Works". The rectangular layout and some componen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Berghof (residence)
The Berghof was Adolf Hitler's vacation home in the Obersalzberg of the Bavarian Alps near Berchtesgaden, Bavaria, Germany. Other than the ''Wolfsschanze'' ("Wolf's Lair"), his headquarters in East Prussia for the invasion of the Soviet Union, he spent more time here than anywhere else during his time as the ''Führer'' of Nazi Germany. It was also one of the most widely known of his headquarters, which were located throughout Europe. The Berghof was rebuilt and renamed in 1935 and was Hitler's vacation residence for ten years. It was damaged by British bombs in late April 1945, and again in early May by retreating SS troops, and it was looted after Allied troops reached the area. The Bavarian government demolished the burned shell in 1952. History The Berghof began as a much smaller chalet called ''Haus Wachenfeld'', a holiday home built in 1916 (or 1917) by ''Kommerzienrat'' Otto Winter, a businessman from Buxtehude. It was located near the ''Platterhof'', the former ''Pens ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kehlstein
The Kehlstein is a subpeak of the Göll massif, a mountain in the Berchtesgaden Alps. The rocky promontory is located west of the ''Hoher Göll'' main summit, high above the Obersalzberg mountain retreat near Berchtesgaden. It is chiefly known for the Kehlsteinhaus (Eagle's Nest) mountain inn built in 1937–1938, which is a major tourist destination. While other parts of the restricted Obersalzberg area around the former Berghof headquarters were turned into a US Armed Forces Recreation Center, the Kehlstein peak was made accessible to the public already in 1952. The motor road up to the Kehlsteinhaus, running uphill through several tunnels, was closed for traffic; nevertheless, DB Regio bus service is provided in summer. From the upper turning place, a steep footpath leads to the restaurant. Guests may also use the ''Kehlsteinlift'' elevator running through the rocks directly to the reception area. The Kehlstein spur offers a panoramic view over the Berchtesgaden Alps, in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hoher Göll
The Hoher Göll is a mountain in the Berchtesgaden Alps. It is the highest peak of the Göll massif, which straddles the border between the German state of Bavaria and the Austrian state of Salzburg. Geography On the Bavarian west side of the Hoher Göll massif, the Königssee separates it from the Watzmann, another peak in the Berchtesgaden Alps. The Königssee drains northward into the Königsseer Ache, through the Bavarian towns of Obersalzberg to the north of the Hoher Göll and Berchtesgaden to the northwest, before merging into the Berchtesgadener Ache and then the Salzach river through Salzburg farther to the north. On the Austrian east side of the massif lies the valley of the Salzach itself, flowing from south to north and merging with the west-flowing Lammer at the base of the massif, in Golling an der Salzach. A lower line of hills, to the south of the massif, lies along the German-Austrian border separating the Königssee from the Salzach. Within the massif, Ho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Berchtesgaden
Berchtesgaden () is a municipality in the district Berchtesgadener Land, Bavaria, in southeastern Germany, near the border with Austria, south of Salzburg and southeast of Munich. It lies in the Berchtesgaden Alps, south of Berchtesgaden; the Berchtesgaden National Park stretches along three parallel valleys. The Kehlstein mountain (), with its ''Kehlsteinhaus'' (Eagle's Nest) is located in the area. Etymology ''Berchtesgaden'', Upper Bavaria (Achental), earlier ''Perchterscadmen'', ''Perhtersgadem'', ''Berchirchsgadem'', ''Berchtoldesgadem''; the word underwent a Latin distortion of Old High German ''parach'', Romance ''bareca'' 'hay shed'. After the basic meaning was forgotten, a variant word of Old High German ''gadem'' 'room, one-room hut' was added, implying the same meaning: 'hay shed'. Cf. Old High German ''muosgadem'' 'spice room'. There was a folk etymology that supported a derivation based on the legendary figure of ''Frau'' Perchta (Berchta), a woman (''Holle'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bombing Of Obersalzberg
The bombing of Obersalzberg was an air raid carried out by the Royal Air Force's Bomber Command on 25 April 1945 during the last days of World War II in Europe. The operation targeted Obersalzberg, a complex of residences and bunkers in Bavaria which had been built for Adolf Hitler and other key members of Germany's leadership. Many buildings in the complex were destroyed, though Hitler's residence and the bunker network were only slightly damaged. Two Allied bombers were shot down with the loss of four airmen, and 31 Germans were killed. Historians have identified several motives for the attack on Obersalzberg. These include supporting Allied ground forces, demonstrating the effectiveness of the British heavy bomber force, convincing die-hard Germans that the war was lost and obscuring the memory of pre-war appeasement policies. The attack was conducted by a large force of 359 heavy bombers in an attempt to destroy the bunkers located below Obersalzberg, from which the Allies ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Avro Lancaster
The Avro Lancaster is a British Second World War heavy bomber. It was designed and manufactured by Avro as a contemporary of the Handley Page Halifax, both bombers having been developed to the same specification, as well as the Short Stirling, all three aircraft being four-engined heavy bombers adopted by the Royal Air Force (RAF) during the same wartime era. The Lancaster has its origins in the twin-engine Avro Manchester which had been developed during the late 1930s in response to the Air Ministry Specification P.13/36 for a medium bomber for "world-wide use" which could carry a torpedo internally, and make shallow dive-bombing attacks. Originally developed as an evolution of the Manchester (which had proved troublesome in service and was retired in 1942), the Lancaster was designed by Roy Chadwick and powered by four Rolls-Royce Merlins and in one of the versions, Bristol Hercules engines. It first saw service with RAF Bomber Command in 1942 and as the strategic bom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teahouse On Mooslahnerkopf Hill
The teahouse on Mooslahnerkopf Hill was the favourite destination of Adolf Hitler when he was at his Berghof at Obersalzberg. History After the architect Roderich Fick had expanded the house Wachenfeld to the Berghof for Hitler in 1936, Martin Bormann commissioned him to construct the tea house on Mooslahnerkopf not far from the domicile on Obersalzberg. In the catalog of works, however, it is listed as a "teahouse on Moslahnerkopf" as well as in the architectural plans and in the memories of Eva Braun. The cylindrical teahouse was built in 1937 and was Hitler's favorite destination which he, in contrast to Kehlsteinhaus (Eagle's Nest), used nearly every afternoon. On April 25, 1945, the area on the Obersalzberg was attacked by the Royal Air Force. The teahouse was not hit. The house was destroyed and demolished by the Americans in 1951-1952, to prevent it being used as a memorial to Hitler. Location and appearance The teahouse was built directly on the hillside, a foothill of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hermann Fegelein
Hans Otto Georg Hermann Fegelein (30 October 1906 – 28 April 1945) was a high-ranking commander in the Waffen-SS of Nazi Germany. He was a member of Adolf Hitler's entourage and brother-in-law to Eva Braun through his marriage to her sister Gretl. Fegelein joined a cavalry regiment of the ''Reichswehr'' in 1925 and transferred to the SS on 10 April 1933. He became a leader of an SS equestrian group, and was in charge of preparation for the equestrian events of the Berlin Olympic Games in 1936. He tried out for the Olympic equestrian team himself but was eliminated in the qualifying rounds. In September 1939, after the Invasion of Poland, Fegelein commanded the SS ''Totenkopf Reiterstandarte'' (Death's-Head Horse Regiment). They were garrisoned in Warsaw until December. In May and June 1940, he participated in the Battle of Belgium and France as a member of the ''SS- Verfügungstruppe'' (later renamed the Waffen-SS). For his service in these campaigns he was awarded t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gretl Braun
Margarete Berta "Gretl" Braun (; 31 August 1915 – 10 October 1987) was one of the two sisters of Eva Braun. She was a member of the inner social circle of Adolf Hitler at the Berghof. Gretl became the sister-in-law of Hitler following his marriage to Eva, less than 40 hours before the couple killed themselves together. Braun married SS-Gruppenführer Hermann Fegelein, a liaison officer on Hitler's staff, on 3 June 1944. In the closing days of World War II, Fegelein was shot for desertion. Despite Gretl's ties to the Nazi regime, she managed to survive the war nearly completely unscathed. She changed her name, remarried, and lived a quiet life until her death in 1987. Early life Braun was the youngest of three daughters of school teacher Friedrich "Fritz" Braun and seamstress Franziska "Fanny" Kronberger. After dropping out of secondary school in Medingen at the age of 16, she worked as a clerk for the photography company of Heinrich Hoffmann, the official photographer f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
André François-Poncet
André François-Poncet (13 June 1887 – 8 January 1978) was a French politician and diplomat whose post as ambassador to Germany allowed him to witness first-hand the rise to power of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party, and the Nazi regime's preparations for World War II. François-Poncet was the son of a counselor of the Court of Appeals in Paris. A student of German studies at the Paris Institute of Political Studies, his first area of study was journalism. One of François-Poncet's early written works included observations made during several journeys to the German Empire in the years prior to World War I. During the war, he served as an infantry lieutenant. Between 1917 and 1919, he was assigned to the press office of the French embassy in Bern, Switzerland and later served with the International Economic Mission in the United States and in other diplomatic roles under a series of French leaders. François-Poncet became managing director of the ''Société d'études et d'inf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paul László
Paul László or Paul Laszlo (6 February 1900 – 27 March 1993) was a Hungarian-born architect and interior designer whose work spanned eight decades and many countries. László built his reputation while designing interiors for houses, but in the 1960s, largely shifted his focus to the design of retail and commercial interiors. Biography He was born (as Lamberger Pal) in Debrecen, Hungary, to Jewish parents Lamberger Ignác and László Regina (née Schwarcz). His family later moved to Szombathely, Hungary. Sources citing his birthplace as Budapest are incorrect. He had three sisters and two brothers; two of his sisters and both of his parents were murdered in the Holocaust along with seven other relatives not in his immediate family. László completed his education in Vienna, Austria before moving to Stuttgart, Germany, where he rapidly established himself as a prominent designer, winning the admiration of, among others, Salvador Dalí. However, the rising tide of anti-sem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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