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Kamae
is a Japanese term used in martial arts and traditional theater. It translates approximately to "posture". The Kanji of this word means "base". The implied meaning is 'readiness' or 'be ready'. Kamae is to be differentiated from the word , used in Japanese martial arts to mean stance. While ''tachi'' (pronounced ''dachi'' when used in a compound) refers to the position of the body from the waist down, kamae refers to the posture of the entire body, as well as encompassing one's mental posture (i.e., one's attitude). These connected mental and physical aspects of readiness may be referred to individually as and , respectively. Although it is a generic term, context may mean there's a default specific posture which is being implicitly referred to. e.g. many modern styles use ''kamae'' by itself as shorthand usually for the style's basic stance for sparring or self-defense. As a further note, there are also related verbs, and adding ''te'' to the end of kamae makes the command f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jōdan-no-kamae
, also known as ''jōdan-gamae'', and frequently shortened simply to ''jōdan'', is a basic ''kenjutsu'' posture. Jōdan-no-kamae means upper-level posture (lit. 'high/upper degree posture'). Kendo Jōdan-no-kamae is one of the five stances in kendo: ''jōdan'', ''chūdan'', ''gedan'', '' hassō'' and '' waki''. In jōdan-no-kamae, the sword is raised above the head with the tip (''kissaki''; 切先) pointing back and the blade facing up, in readiness to strike. It is the most aggressive stance of the five. There are commonly two types of jōdan-no-kamae, left (''hidari''; 左) and right (''migi''; 右), referring to which foot is out in front. As a more rare case, only one hand is used to hold the sword. Even rarer, the positions of the hands on the hilt of the sword may be reversed. In normal practice or competitions, left (''hidari'') jōdan-gamae is the most common. Its advantage is the reach of the strike, the intimidating posture and the speed of the strike. Its dis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Waki-gamae
, sometimes shortened to ''waki'', is one of the five stances in kendo: ''jōdan'', ''chūdan'', ''gedan'', '' hassō'' and ''waki'', as well as other related and older martial arts involving Japanese sword. ''Waki-gamae'' is a stance involving the swordsman hiding the length of one's own blade behind their body, only exposing the pommel to the opponent. This stance was common when there was no standard length of sword and was often used as a deterrent to any opponents who did not know the range of the sword being hidden and could be used as a sort of bluff technique. It also serves to conceal the orientation of the blade to one's opponent, as to give him no hint about your own intention for the next attack. Other Koryū schools may define "Waki-gamae" differently from its current form in Kendo. ''Waki-gamae'' is also known as the in the five elements classification and the in the Ittō-ryū teachings. 上野 靖之 (1966) ''剣道教典 (Educational Model Fencing)'' 尚武館 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chūdan-no-kamae
, occasionally ''Chūdan-gamae'', or simply ''Chūdan'' as it is shortened to in many Japanese martial arts schools that instruct in the use of the katana (sword). Chūdan-no-kamae translates to "middle-level posture", it is also called Seigan-no-kamae (正眼之構) that can be translated to "right posture". In most traditional schools of swordsmanship, and in the practice of kendo, chūdan-no-kamae is the most basic posture. It provides a balance between attacking and defensive techniques. Kendo Chūdan-no-kamae is one of the five stances in kendo: ''jōdan'', ''chūdan'', ''gedan'', '' hassō'' and '' waki''. This is the most basic stance in kendo which balances attack and defence. If correctly assumed, the trunk (''do'') and right wrist (''migi-kote'') are hidden from the opponent. The throat is visible, but the extended tip of the sword threatens a thrusting enemy with a likely counter-thrust. The head (''men'') is the only clearly open target, but this too is easily ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gedan-no-kamae
, frequently shortened simply to ''gedan'', occasionally shortened to ''gedan-gamae'', is one of the five stances in kendo: ''jōdan'', ''chūdan'', ''gedan'', hassō, and '' waki''. ''Gedan-no-kamae'' means "lower-level posture." This position is adopted when the sword is held out in front of the body pointing at the waist in kendo, or at the knee or sometimes the ankle in ''kenjutsu''. It is considered a variant of ''chūdan-no-kamae'' and therefore appearing as a defensive posture, but instead it is used to deflect blows and create striking opportunities. This stance is used as a transition from ''chūdan-no-kamae'' to a ''tsuki'' (突き; thrust). It is called the {{nihongo, Kamae of Earth, 地の構え, chi-no-kamae in Yagyū Shinkage-ryū.上野 靖之 (1966) 剣道教典 (Educational Model Fencing) 尚武館刊. p.317 European schools of swordsmanship The German school of fencing refers to this stance as ''alber'' "Fool's guard"; as it serves to bait the foolish with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japanese Language
is spoken natively by about 128 million people, primarily by Japanese people and primarily in Japan, the only country where it is the national language. Japanese belongs to the Japonic or Japanese- Ryukyuan language family. There have been many attempts to group the Japonic languages with other families such as the Ainu, Austroasiatic, Koreanic, and the now-discredited Altaic, but none of these proposals has gained widespread acceptance. Little is known of the language's prehistory, or when it first appeared in Japan. Chinese documents from the 3rd century AD recorded a few Japanese words, but substantial Old Japanese texts did not appear until the 8th century. From the Heian period (794–1185), there was a massive influx of Sino-Japanese vocabulary into the language, affecting the phonology of Early Middle Japanese. Late Middle Japanese (1185–1600) saw extensive grammatical changes and the first appearance of European loanwords. The basis of the standard dialect moved f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Martial Arts
Martial arts are codified systems and traditions of combat practiced for a number of reasons such as self-defense; military and law enforcement applications; combat sport, competition; physical, mental, and spiritual development; entertainment; and the preservation of a nation's intangible cultural heritage. Etymology According to Paul Bowman, the term ''martial arts'' was popularized by mainstream popular culture during the 1960s to 1970s, notably by Hong Kong martial arts films (most famously those of Bruce Lee) during the so-called "chopsocky" wave of the early 1970s. According to John Clements, the term '':wikt:martial art, martial arts'' itself is derived from an older Latin (language), Latin term meaning "arts of Mars (mythology), Mars", the Roman mythology, Roman god of war, and was used to refer to the combat systems of Europe (European martial arts) as early as the 1550s. The term martial science, or martial sciences, was commonly used to refer to the fighting arts of E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theatre Of Japan
This article is an overview of traditional and modern Japanese theatre. Traditional Japanese theatre is among the oldest theatre traditions in the world. Traditional theatre includes Noh, a spiritual drama, and its comic accompaniment ; kabuki, a dance and music theatrical tradition; , puppetry; and , a spoken drama. Modern Japanese theatre includes (experimental Western-style theatre), shinpa (new school theatre) and (little theatre). In addition, there are many classical western plays and musical adaptations of popular television shows and movies that are produced in Japan. Traditional forms of theatre Noh and Noh and theatre traditions are among the oldest continuous theatre traditions in the world. The earliest existing scripts date from the 15th century. Noh was a spiritual drama, combining symbolism from Buddhism and Shinto and focusing on tales with mythic significance. , its comic partner, served as a link between the theological themes of the Noh play with the ped ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japanese Martial Arts
Japanese martial arts refers to the variety of martial arts native to the country of Japan. At least three Japanese terms (''budō'', ''bujutsu'', and ''bugei'') are used interchangeably with the English phrase Japanese martial arts. The usage of the term ''budō'' (武道) to mean martial arts is a modern one: historically the term meant a way of life encompassing physical, spiritual and moral dimensions with a focus on self-improvement, fulfillment or personal growth. The terms ''bujutsu'' (武術) and ''bugei'' (武芸) have different meanings from ''budō'', at least historically speaking. ''Bujutsu'' refers specifically to the practical application of martial tactics and techniques in actual combat. ''Bugei'' refers to the adaptation or refinement of those tactics and techniques to facilitate systematic instruction and dissemination within a formal learning environment. History The historical origin of Japanese martial arts can be found in the warrior traditio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stance (martial Arts)
In martial arts, stances are the distribution, foot orientation and body positions (particularly the legs and torso) adopted when attacking, defending, advancing, or retreating. In many Asian martial arts, the most widely used stance is a shallow standing squat. This position is generally employed as it is a neutral and agile position from which both attacks and defences may be launched. It provides for the delivery of force when attacking and stability when defending. Stances vary greatly in their application and form. In general, stances may be described in a number of ways: Open or closed This refers to the lateral distance between the lead and rear foot. In general, open stances are more stable than closed stances. However, open stances leave one vulnerable to groin attacks and expose a larger portion of the body to an opponent. Long or short This refers to the distance from the lead foot to the rear foot. Short stances make the user very agile, but can be unstable. Long st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karate
(; ; Okinawan language, Okinawan pronunciation: ) is a martial arts, martial art developed in the Ryukyu Kingdom. It developed from the Okinawan martial arts, indigenous Ryukyuan martial arts (called , "hand"; ''tii'' in Okinawan) under the influence of Chinese martial arts, particularly Fujian White Crane. Karate is now predominantly a striking art using Punch (combat), punching, kicking, knee (strike), knee strikes, elbow strikes and open-hand techniques such as Knifehand strike, knife-hands, spear-hands and palm-heel strikes. Historically, and in some modern styles, grappling, throws, joint locks, restraints and kyusho-jitsu, vital-point strikes are also taught. A karate practitioner is called a . The Empire of Japan annexed the Ryukyu Kingdom in 1879. Karate came to mainland Japan in the early 20th century during a time of migration as Ryukyuans, especially from Okinawa, looked for work in the main islands of Japan. It was systematically taught in Japan after the Taishō ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zenkutsu Dachi
Front stance, sometimes also called forward leaning stance or forward stance, is a basic stance used in various Asian martial arts. Although the specifics of the stance vary by style, overall it is visually similar to a lunge, with the forward leg bent at the knee, and the rear leg straight, while the hips and shoulders remain squarely facing forward. The purpose of the stance is to teach musculo-skeletal alignment that adds as much mass of the earth to a strike as possible. The stance allows a great deal of power generation forward, but very little in any other direction. Japanese martial arts In Japanese martial arts, the is primarily practiced in karate and its variants. Some variations include the version practiced by Shotokan, where students generally place their feet at a longer depth, while Isshin-ryū students place their feet shoulder width, but with much shallower length. Other variations are also practiced. The purpose of the front stance is to provide stability wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kendo
is a modern Japanese martial art, descended from kenjutsu (one of the old Japanese martial arts, swordsmanship), that uses bamboo swords (shinai) as well as protective armor (bōgu). Today, it is widely practiced within Japan and has spread to many other nations across the world. History Swordsmen in Japan established schools of '' kenjutsu'' (the ancestor of kendo). These continued for centuries and form the basis of kendo practice today.. Formal kendo exercises known as '' kata'' were developed several centuries ago as ''kenjutsu'' practice for warriors. They are still studied today, in a modified form. The introduction of bamboo practice swords and armor to sword training is attributed to during the Shotoku Era (1711–1715). Naganuma developed the use of this armor and established a training method using bamboo swords. , third son of Naganuma and the 8th headmaster of the Kashima Shinden Jikishinkage-ryū Kenjutsu, is credited with improving the art with Japanese ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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