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Kakha Okriashvili
Kakhaber "Kakha" Okriashvili (Georgian: კახაბერ ოქრიაშვილი; born on 21 March 1966) is a Georgian doctor, businessman, and politician, founder of the PSP pharmacy network and a member of Parliament since 2004. Starting his career as a doctor in the last years of the Soviet Union, he founded PSP in 1995, a company that he led until 2003, and of which he has remained majority owner since then. In 2003, he was elected to the Parliament of Georgia as an independent candidate to represent the Dmanisi Majoritarian District. Joining the Mikheil Saakashvili-affiliated United National Movement in 2008, he would be reelected that year and again in 2012, before leaving the party weeks after its defeat to Georgian Dream (GD). Formally joining GD in 2014, he was reelected in 2016 in the Dmanisi- Tsalka Majoritarian District. A staunch conservative, he has often voted outside of party line to oppose major bills like the 2020 labor reform, the 2017 ban on com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parliament Of Georgia
The Parliament of Georgia ( ka, საქართველოს პარლამენტი, tr) is the supreme national legislature of Georgia. It is a unicameral parliament, currently consisting of 150 members; of these, 120 are proportional representatives and 30 are elected through single-member district plurality system, representing their constituencies. According to the 2017 constitutional amendments, the Parliament will transfer to fully proportional representation in 2024. All members of the Parliament are elected for four years on the basis of universal human suffrage. The Constitution of Georgia grants the Parliament of Georgia a central legislative power, which is limited by the legislatures of the autonomous republics of Adjara and Abkhazia. History The idea of limiting royal power and creating a parliamentary-type body of government was conceived among the aristocrats and citizens in the 12th century Kingdom of Georgia, during the reign of Queen Tamar, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2003 Georgian Parliamentary Election
Parliamentary elections were held in Georgia on 2 November 2003 alongside a constitutional referendum. According to statistics released by the Georgian Election Commission, the elections were won by a combination of parties supporting President Eduard Shevardnadze. However, the results were annulled by the Georgia Supreme Court after the Rose Revolution on 25 November, following allegations of widespread electoral fraud and large public protests which led to the resignation of Shevardnadze. Fresh elections were held on 28 March 2004. Parties "For a New Georgia" was the electoral bloc that supported President Eduard Shevardnadze. The Revival Party was an ally of Shevardnadze. The National Movement (NM) was the party of opposition leader Mikhail Saakashvili. Conduct Reports of violence, voter intimidation and ballot box stuffing began coming in shortly after the polling stations opened. The biggest problem, however, was the voter lists prepared by the Georgian government. Mikh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salome Zourabichvili
Salome Zourabichvili ( ka, სალომე ზურაბიშვილი, ; born 18 March 1952) is a Franco-Georgian political figure and former diplomat who currently serves as the fifth President of Georgia, in office since December 2018. She is the first woman to be elected as Georgia's president, a position she will occupy for a term of six years. As a result of constitutional changes coming into effect in 2024, Zourabichvili is expected to be Georgia's last popularly elected president; all future heads of state are to be elected indirectly by a parliamentary college of electors. Zourabichvili was born in Paris, France into a family of Georgian political refugees. She joined the French diplomatic service in the 1970s and went on to occupy a variety of increasingly senior diplomatic positions over three decades. From 2003 to 2004, she served as the Ambassador of France to Georgia. In 2004, by mutual agreement between the presidents of France and Georgia, she accepted ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2018 Georgian Presidential Election
Presidential elections were held in Georgia on 28 October 2018. The pre-election campaign was marred by a polarized political environment and a series of secret tape recordings aired by the pro-opposition Rustavi 2 TV, leading to allegations of kidnappings and torture by investigators to secure convictions, pressure and coercion on businesses and media, high-level corruption, and selective justice. International observers assessed the elections as competitive and free, stressing that "one side enjoyed an undue advantage and the negative character of the campaign on both sides undermined the process", while the misuse of administrative resources "blurred the line between party and state." However, Transparency International, based on information from a state agency employee, alleged that state agencies were publishing fake identity cards to allow Zourabichvili supporters to cast multiple ballots in the election. According to the plan, five fake IDs were published per individual, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constitution Of Georgia (country)
The Constitution of Georgia ( ka, საქართველოს კონსტიტუცია, ''sakartvelos k'onstitutsia'') is the supreme law of Georgia. It was approved by the Parliament of Georgia on 24 August 1995 and entered into force on 17 October 1995. The Constitution replaced the Decree on State Power of November 1992 which had functioned as an interim basic law following the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Background DRG and the Soviet Rule The history of Georgian constitutionalism begins in the twentieth century, when on May 26, 1918, the Democratic Republic of Georgia adopted the Act of Independence and began drafting the Constitution. The drafting of the constitution lasted for three years. On February 21, 1921, facing the onset of Soviet aggression, the Constituent Assembly of Georgia adopted a constitution of the Democratic Republic of Georgia which was the first modern fundamental law in the nation's history but was adopted on February 21, 1921, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2016 Georgian Parliamentary Election
Parliamentary elections were held in Georgia on 8 October 2016 to elect the 150 members of Parliament. The ruling Georgian Dream coalition, led by Prime Minister Giorgi Kvirikashvili, sought a second term in office. Opposition parties included the former ruling party and main opposition, the United National Movement (ENM); the Free Democrats, formerly a member of the Georgian Dream coalition and led by Irakli Alasania; and the Alliance of Patriots of Georgia. Georgian Dream won 115 seats, an increase of 30 seats, while the United National Movement was reduced to 27 seats. Electoral system The 150 members of the unicameral Parliament are elected by two methods: 77 by proportional representation in a single nationwide constituency with an electoral threshold of 5%, and 73 by two-round system in single-member constituencies with majority rule requiring the winner to get over 50% (in the previous election the first-placed candidate had to pass a 30% threshold to win a constituency ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Organization Of The Black Sea Economic Cooperation
The Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC) is a regional international organization focusing on multilateral political and economic initiatives aimed at fostering cooperation, peace, stability and prosperity in the Black Sea region. It traces its origin to 25 June 1992, when Turkish President Turgut Özal and leaders of ten other countries gathered in Istanbul and signed the Summit Declaration and the " Bosphorus Statement". BSEC Headquarters – the Permanent International Secretariat of the Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC PERMIS) – was established in March 1994, also in Istanbul. With the entry into force of its Charter on 1 May 1999, BSEC acquired international legal identity and was transformed into a full-fledged regional economic organization: Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation. With the accession of Serbia (then Serbia and Montenegro) in April 2004, the Organization’s Member States increased to twelve. North ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parliamentary Assembly Of The Organization For Security And Co-operation In Europe
The Parliamentary Assembly of the OSCE (OSCE PA) is an institution of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe. The primary task of the 323-member Assembly is to facilitate inter-parliamentary dialogue, an important aspect of the overall effort to meet the challenges of democracy throughout the OSCE area. The Parliamentary Assembly pursues objectives which are stated in the preamble of the Assembly's Rules of Procedure: assess the implementation of OSCE objectives by participating States; discuss subjects addressed during meetings of the Ministerial Council and summit meetings of OSCE Heads of State or Government; develop and promote mechanisms for the prevention and resolution of conflicts; support the strengthening and consolidation of democratic institutions in OSCE participating States; contribute to the development of OSCE institutional structures and of relations and co-operation between existing OSCE institutions. To pursue these objectives, the OSCE Parliame ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GUAM Organization For Democracy And Economic Development
The GUAM Organization for Democracy and Economic Development is a regional organization of four post-Soviet states: Georgia, Ukraine, Azerbaijan, and Moldova. Conceived in 1997 to harmonize and integrate commercial, diplomatic and democratic relations among its member states, the GUAM treaty charter was signed in 2001 and today covers a population of over 57 million people. Uzbekistan was also a member of GUAM in the 1999–2005 period. In 2003, GUAM became an observer in the UN General Assembly. In 2007, GUAM also established a military peacekeeping force and organized joint military exercises. Such increasingly deepened integration and relationships led to GUAM playing an important role in the region's diplomatic and commercial affairs. The official negotiating language of GUAM was Russian, but it was scrapped in favor of English in 2014. In 2017, agreements on a free-trade area were established for the first time. History Origins and foundation, Uzbek membership (1997–2005) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bidzina Ivanishvili
Bidzina Ivanishvili ( ka, ბიძინა ივანიშვილი, also known as Boris Grigoryevich Ivanishvili ; born 18 February 1956) is a Georgia (country), Georgian politician, billionaire businessman and philanthropist, who served as Prime Minister of Georgia from October 2012 to November 2013. Having amassed his fortune in Russia during the Privatization in Russia, privatization era, Ivanishvili returned to Georgia in 2003. He entered the politics in 2012, when he founded the Georgian Dream-Democratic Georgia party. Ivanishvili became the leader of the coalition of opposition parties, and won a victory in the 2012 Georgian parliamentary election against the United National Movement (Georgia), United National Movement party of incumbent Prime Minister Vano Merabishvili and President of Georgia, President Mikheil Saakashvili. In late 2012, Ivanishvili took office as Prime Minister. In 2013, however, Ivanishvili resigned, claiming to have left politics. In 2018, he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2012 Georgian Parliamentary Election
Parliamentary elections were held in Georgia on 1 October, 2012. The opposition Georgian Dream coalition of billionaire businessman Bidzina Ivanishvili won a majority of seats. President Mikheil Saakashvili conceded his party's loss. The elections were held according to a reformed electoral system agreed upon by the government and several opposition parties in 2011. 77 of the 150 seats were allocated proportionally to party lists, the remaining 73 to the winners in single-member constituencies. The new parliament was relocated from the capital of Tbilisi to the country's second largest city of Kutaisi later in 2012. A new government was also formed following the scheduled 2013 presidential election as envisaged by the 2010 constitutional amendments. South Ossetia and Abkhazia did not vote. Background Protests In 2009, opposition parties together held protests to demand the resignation of President Mikheil Saakashvili accusing him of concentrating power to himself, using riot p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nino Burjanadze
Nino Burjanadze (Georgian language, Georgian: ნინო ბურჯანაძე , also romanized Burdzhanadze or Burdjanadze, born 16 July 1964) is a Georgia (country), Georgian politician and lawyer who served as Parliament of Georgia, Chairperson of the Parliament of Georgia from November 2001 to June 2008. As the first woman she has served as the acting head of state of Georgia twice; the first time from 23 November 2003 to 25 January 2004 in the wake of Eduard Shevardnadze's resignation during the Rose Revolution, and again from 25 November 2007 to 20 January 2008, when Mikheil Saakashvili stepped down to rerun in the 2008 Georgian presidential election, early presidential elections. She withdrew into opposition to Saakashvili as the leader of the Democratic Movement – United Georgia, Democratic Movement-United Georgia party in 2008. In October 2013, she ran in the 2013 Georgian presidential election, presidential election, competing against 22 candidates. She ended th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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