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Jus Italicum
''Ius Italicum'' (Latin, Italian or Italic law) was a law in the early Roman Empire that allowed the emperors to grant cities outside Italy the legal fiction that they were on Italian soil. This meant that the city would be governed under Roman law rather than local law, would have a greater degree of autonomy in their relations with provincial governors, and that people born in the city automatically gained Roman citizenship. As Rome citizens, people were able to buy and sell property, were exempt from land tax, and the poll tax and were entitled to protection under Roman law. ''Ius Italicum'' was the highest liberty a municipality or province could obtain and was considered very favorable. Emperors, such as Augustus and Septimius Severus, made use of the law during their reign. Augustus' enactment of the law Emperor Augustus was one of the first Emperors to implement the law of ''Ius Italicum'' during his reign. During Emperor Augustus' reign he gave land-grants to veterans wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Augustus Bevilacqua Glyptothek Munich 317
Caesar Augustus (born Gaius Octavius; 23 September 63 BC – 19 August AD 14), also known as Octavian, was the first Roman emperor; he reigned from 27 BC until his death in AD 14. He is known for being the founder of the Principate, Roman Principate, which is the first phase of the Roman Empire, and Augustus is considered one of the greatest leaders in human history. The reign of Augustus initiated an Roman imperial cult, imperial cult as well as an era associated with Regional hegemony, imperial peace, the ''Pax Romana'' or ''Ara Pacis, Pax Augusta''. The Roman world was largely free from large-scale conflict for more than two centuries despite continuous wars of imperial expansion on the empire's frontiers and the year-long civil war known as the "Year of the Four Emperors" over the imperial succession. Originally named Gaius Octavius, he was born into an old and wealthy equites, equestrian branch of the Plebeians, plebeian Octavia gens, ''gens'' Octavia. His mate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ilici (Roman Town)
Elche ( ca-valencia, Elx) is a city and municipality of Spain, belonging to the province of Alicante, in the Valencian Community. According to 2014 data, Elche has a population of 228,647 inhabitants,Elche supera ya los 228.300 habitantes INFORMACION.es, December 31, 2008, Editorial Prensa Ibérica making it the third most populated municipality in the region (after and ) and the 20th largest Spanish municipality. It is part of the |
Gunugus
Gunugus or Gunugu ( xpu, 𐤂𐤍𐤂𐤍 , ) was a Berber and Carthaginian town in northwest Africa in antiquity. It passed into Roman control during the Punic Wars and was the site of a colony of veteran soldiers. It survived the Vandals and Byzantines but was destroyed during the Muslim invasion of the area. Location Gunugus has been tentativelybut not certainlyidentified with the ruins at Sidi Brahim de Gouraya on the Mediterranean coast near Gouraya, Algeria. History Gunugus was a Berber and Carthaginian town from around 550BC.''Barrington Atlas'', 2000, pl. 30 C3. It may have also been the site of a Greek colony at some point After the Punic Wars, Gunugus was the site of a Roman colony established by Augustus. It was administered as part of the province of Caesarian Mauretania. The local Berbers made up a large part of the settlement as well. Gunugus existed through the Vandal Kingdom and the Byzantine reconquest of Africa. It was destroyed around AD640. Bishopric T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fréjus
Fréjus (; ) is a commune in the Var department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in Southeastern France. In 2019, it had a population of 54,458. It neighbours Saint-Raphaël, effectively forming one urban agglomeration. The north of the commune forms part of the Massif de l'Esterel. On 2 December 1959, the Malpasset Dam, on the Reyran River above the city of Fréjus, ruptured, killing over 400 people. History The origins of Frejus probably lie with the Celto- Ligurian people who settled around the natural harbour of Aegytna. The remains of a defensive wall are still visible on Mont Auriasque and Cap Capelin. The Phocaeans of Marseille later established an outpost on the site. Foundation Frejus was strategically situated at an important crossroads formed by the Via Julia Augusta (which ran between Italy and the Rhône) and the Via Domitia. Although there are only few traces of a settlement at that time, it is known that the poet Cornelius Gallus was born there in 6 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Córdoba, Spain
Córdoba (; ),, Arabic: قُرطبة DIN 31635, DIN: . or Cordova () in English, is a city in Andalusia, Spain, and the capital of the Province of Córdoba (Spain), province of Córdoba. It is the third most populated Municipalities in Spain, municipality in Andalusia and the 11th overall in the country. The city primarily lies on the right bank of the Guadalquivir, in the south of the Iberian Peninsula. Once a Roman settlement, it was taken over by the Visigothic Kingdom, Visigoths, followed by the Umayyad conquest of Hispania, Muslim conquests in the eighth century and later becoming the capital of the Umayyad Caliphate of Córdoba. During these Islamic Golden Age, Muslim periods, Córdoba was transformed into a world leading center of education and learning, producing figures such as Maimonides, Averroes, Ibn Hazm, and Al-Zahrawi, and by the 10th century it had grown to be the second-largest city in Europe. Following the Siege of Córdoba (1236), Christian conquest in 1236, it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cartennae
Cartennae or Cartenna.. was an ancient Berber, Carthaginian, and Roman port at present-day Ténès, Algeria. Under the Romans, it was part of the province of Mauretania Caesariensis. Name Cartenna's name was variously recorded by the Greeks as ''Karténna'' ( grc-gre, Καρτέννα), ''Kártina'' (), ''Kártinna'' (), and ''Karténnai'' ( grc-gre, Καρτένναι). It was usually Latinized as Cartennae or Cartenna, but appears as Cartinna in Mela. These names seem to combine the Punic word for "city" () with a Berber placename element (), also seen in the Phoenician names for Cirta, Tipasa, and Sabratha. The name does not derive from the river but from nearby Cape Tenes. The plural form Cartennae seems to allude to a second Berber settlement that existed upstream. Notionally refounded as a Roman colony, it was also known as after its imperial patron. History Phoenician colony Cartennae was established as a Phoenician colony by the 8th centuryBC. It lay at the mout ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zaragoza
Zaragoza, also known in English as Saragossa,''Encyclopædia Britannica'"Zaragoza (conventional Saragossa)" is the capital city of the Zaragoza Province and of the autonomous community of Aragon, Spain. It lies by the Ebro river and its tributaries, the Huerva and the Gállego, roughly in the center of both Aragon and the Ebro basin. On 1 January 2021 the population of the municipality of Zaragoza was 675,301, (the fifth most populated in Spain) on a land area of . The population of the metropolitan area was estimated in 2006 at 783,763 inhabitants. The municipality is home to more than 50 percent of the Aragonese population. The city lies at an elevation of about above sea level. Zaragoza hosted Expo 2008 in the summer of 2008, a world's fair on water and sustainable development. It was also a candidate for the European Capital of Culture in 2012. The city is famous for its folklore, local cuisine, and landmarks such as the Basílica del Pilar, La Seo Cathedral and the A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barcelona
Barcelona ( , , ) is a city on the coast of northeastern Spain. It is the capital and largest city of the autonomous community of Catalonia, as well as the second most populous municipality of Spain. With a population of 1.6 million within city limits,Barcelona: Población por municipios y sexo – Instituto Nacional de Estadística. (National Statistics Institute) its urban area extends to numerous neighbouring municipalities within the and is home to around 4.8 million people, making it the [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orange, Vaucluse
Orange (; Provençal dialect, Provençal: ''Aurenja'' or ''Aurenjo'' ) is a Communes of France, commune in the Vaucluse Departments of France, department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Regions of France, region in southeastern France. It is about north of Avignon, on the departmental border with Gard, which follows the Rhône. Orange is the second-most populated city in Vaucluse, after Avignon. Name The settlement is attested as ''Arausio'' and ''Arausion'' in the first and second centuries AD, then as ''civitas Arausione'' in the fourth century, ''civitas Arausicae'' in 517 (via a Germanized form *''Arausinga''), ''Aurengia civitatis'' in 1136, and as ''Orenga'' in 1205. The name ''Arausio'' can be explained as the Gaulish ''ar-aus(i)o''- ('temple, cheek'), itself derived from an earlier Proto-Celtic *''far-aws(y)o''-, which literally means 'in front of the ear' (cf. Old Irish ''ara'', ''arae''; Ancient Greek ''pareiaí'', ''parauai'' < *''par-ausiā''). [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antioch Of Pisidia
Antioch in Pisidia – alternatively Antiochia in Pisidia or Pisidian Antioch ( el, Ἀντιόχεια τῆς Πισιδίας) and in Roman Empire, Latin: ''Antiochia Caesareia'' or ''Antiochia Colonia Caesarea'' – was a city in the Turkish Lakes Region, which was at the crossroads of the Mediterranean, Aegean and Central Anatolian regions, and formerly on the border of Pisidia and Phrygia, hence also known as Antiochia in Phrygia. The site lies approximately 1 km northeast of Yalvaç, the modern town of Isparta Province. The city was on a hill with its highest point of 1236 m in the north. Geography The city is surrounded by, on the east the deep ravine of the Anthius River which flows into Lake Eğirdir, with the Sultan Mountains to the northeast, Mount Karakuş to the north, Kızıldağ (Red Mountain) to the southeast, Kirişli Mountain and the northern shore of Lake Eğirdir to the southwest. Although very close to the Mediterranean on a map, the warm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parium
Parium (or Parion; el, Πάριον) was a Greek city of Adrasteia in Mysia on the Hellespont. Its bishopric was a suffragan of Cyzicus, the metropolitan see of the Roman province of Hellespontus. History Founded in 709 B.C., the ancient city of Parion is located in the village of Kemer in the township of Biga in Çanakkale province of Turkey, currently. A major coastal city with two harbors in the Roman period, Parium had intensive relations with Thrace and Anatolia throughout history. This was the main customs station through which all Istanbul-bound goods from Greece and the Aegean had to pass. According to Strabo, it was a colony of Milesians, Erythraeans, and Parians. It belonged at one point to the Achaemenid Empire. Herophantus was a tyrant of Parion under Darius I. It then belonged to the Delian League. In the Hellenistic period it came under the domain of Lysimachus, and subsequently the Attalid dynasty. In Roman times, it was a colonia, within the province of A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dion, Pieria
Dion ( el, Δίον; grc, Δῖον; la, Dium) is a village and municipal unit in the municipality of Dion-Olympos in the Pieria regional unit, Greece. It is located at the foot of Mount Olympus at a distance of 17 km from the capital city of Katerini. It is best known for its great ancient Macedonian sanctuary of Zeus and the ancient city, much of which is visible in the Archaeological Park of Dion and the Archaeological Museum of Dion. History The ancient city owes its name to the most important Macedonian sanctuary dedicated to Zeus (''Dios'', "of Zeus"), leader of the gods who dwelt on Mount Olympus; as recorded by Hesiod's ''Catalogue of Women'', Thyia, daughter of Deucalion, bore Zeus two sons, Magnes and Makednos, eponyms of Magnetes and Macedonians, who dwelt in Pieria at the foot of Mount Olympus. Hence from very ancient times, a large altar had been set up for the worship of Olympian Zeus and his daughters, the Muses, in a unique environment charact ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
