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Julius Schäffer
Julius Schäffer (3 June 1882 – 21 October 1944) was a German mycologist. His contributions include studies on the Agaricales (gilled mushrooms), especially the genus ''Russula'', about which he wrote a monograph in 1933. Later, he revised the genus in the series ''Die Pilze Mitteleuropas'' (1926–1967); his notes were published posthumously by his wife Liesel in 1952 with the help of other mycologists. The work was considered the "authoritative treatment of the group for Central Europe". One of the ''Russula'' species that was first described in this publication was '' R. laeta''. Schäffer developed a chemical test to help with the identification of ''Agaricus'' species. A positive reaction of Schaeffer's test, which uses the reaction of aniline and nitric acid on the surface of the mushroom, is indicated by an orange to red color; it is characteristic of species in the section ''Flavescentes''. The compounds responsible for the reaction were named schaefferal A and B to honor Sc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mycology
Mycology is the branch of biology concerned with the study of fungi, including their genetic and biochemical properties, their taxonomy and their use to humans, including as a source for tinder, traditional medicine, food, and entheogens, as well as their dangers, such as toxicity or infection. A biologist specializing in mycology is called a mycologist. Mycology branches into the field of phytopathology, the study of plant diseases, and the two disciplines remain closely related because the vast majority of plant pathogens are fungi. Overview Historically, mycology was a branch of botany because, although fungi are evolutionarily more closely related to animals than to plants, this was not recognized until a few decades ago. Pioneer mycologists included Elias Magnus Fries, Christian Hendrik Persoon, Anton de Bary, Elizabeth Eaton Morse, and Lewis David von Schweinitz. Beatrix Potter, author of ''The Tale of Peter Rabbit'', also made significant contributions to the fiel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meinhard Michael Moser
Meinhard Michael Moser (13 March 192430 September 2002) was an Austrian mycologist. His work principally concerned the taxonomy, chemistry, and toxicity of the gilled mushrooms (Agaricales), especially those of the genus ''Cortinarius'', and the ecology of ectomycorrhizal relationships. His contributions to the Kleine Kryptogamenflora von Mitteleuropa series of mycological guidebooks were well regarded and widely used. In particular, his 1953 ''Blätter- und Bauchpilze (Agaricales und Gastromycetes)'' 'The Gilled and Gasteroid Fungi (Agaricales and Gastromycetes)'' which became known as simply "Moser", saw several editions in both the original German and in translation. Other important works included a 1960 monograph on the genus ''Phlegmacium'' (now considered part of ''Cortinarius'') and a 1975 study of members of ''Cortinarius'', ''Dermocybe'', and ''Stephanopus'' in South America, co-authored with the mycologist Egon Horak. After showing interest in natural sciences in his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1944 Deaths
Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 2 – WWII: ** Free France, Free French General Jean de Lattre de Tassigny is appointed to command First Army (France), French Army B, part of the Sixth United States Army Group in North Africa. ** Landing at Saidor: 13,000 US and Australian troops land on Papua New Guinea, in an attempt to cut off a Japanese retreat. * January 8 – WWII: Philippine Commonwealth troops enter the province of Ilocos Sur in northern Luzon and attack Japanese forces. * January 11 ** President of the United States Franklin D. Roosevelt proposes a Second Bill of Rights for social and economic security, in his State of the Union address. ** The Nazi German administration expands Kraków-Płaszów concentration camp into the larger standalone ''Konzentrationslager Plaszow bei Krakau'' in occupied Poland. * January 12 – WWII: Winston Churchill and Charles de Gaulle begin a 2-day conference in Marrakech ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1882 Births
Year 188 (CLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known in the Roman Empire as the Year of the Consulship of Fuscianus and Silanus (or, less frequently, year 941 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 188 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * Publius Helvius Pertinax becomes pro-consul of Africa from 188 to 189. Japan * Queen Himiko (or Shingi Waō) begins her reign in Japan (until 248). Births * April 4 – Caracalla (or Antoninus), Roman emperor (d. 217) * Lu Ji (or Gongji), Chinese official and politician (d. 219) * Sun Shao, Chinese general of the Eastern Wu state (d. 241) Deaths * March 17 – Julian, pope and patriarch of Alexandria * Fa Zhen (or Gaoqing), Chinese scholar (b. AD 100) * Lucius Antistius Burrus, Roman politician (executed) * Ma Xiang, Chi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Mycologists
German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) **Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Germanic peoples (Roman times) * German language **any of the Germanic languages * German cuisine, traditional foods of Germany People * German (given name) * German (surname) * Germán, a Spanish name Places * German (parish), Isle of Man * German, Albania, or Gërmej * German, Bulgaria * German, Iran * German, North Macedonia * German, New York, U.S. * Agios Germanos, Greece Other uses * German (mythology), a South Slavic mythological being * Germans (band), a Canadian rock band * "German" (song), a 2019 song by No Money Enterprise * ''The German'', a 2008 short film * "The Germans", an episode of ''Fawlty Towers'' * ''The German'', a nickname for Congolese rebel André Kisase Ngandu See also * Germanic (other) * Germa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russula Schaefferina
''Russula'' is a very large genus composed of around 750 worldwide species of ectomycorrhizal mushrooms. They are typically common, fairly large, and brightly colored – making them one of the most recognizable genera among mycologists and mushroom collectors. Their distinguishing characteristics include usually brightly coloured caps, a white to dark yellow spore print, brittle, attached gills, an absence of latex, and absence of partial veil or volva tissue on the stem. Microscopically, the genus is characterised by the amyloid ornamented spores and flesh (trama) composed of spherocysts. Members of the related genus ''Lactarius'' have similar characteristics but emit a milky latex when their gills are broken. The genus was described by Christian Hendrik Persoon in 1796. Taxonomy Christian Hendrik Persoon first circumscribed the genus ''Russula'' in his 1796 work ''Observationes Mycologicae'', and considered the defining characteristics to be the fleshy fruit bodies, d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russula Schaefferiana
''Russula'' is a very large genus composed of around 750 worldwide species of ectomycorrhizal mushrooms. They are typically common, fairly large, and brightly colored – making them one of the most recognizable genera among mycologists and mushroom collectors. Their distinguishing characteristics include usually brightly coloured caps, a white to dark yellow spore print, brittle, attached gills, an absence of latex, and absence of partial veil or volva tissue on the stem. Microscopically, the genus is characterised by the amyloid ornamented spores and flesh (trama) composed of spherocysts. Members of the related genus ''Lactarius'' have similar characteristics but emit a milky latex when their gills are broken. The genus was described by Christian Hendrik Persoon in 1796. Taxonomy Christian Hendrik Persoon first circumscribed the genus ''Russula'' in his 1796 work ''Observationes Mycologicae'', and considered the defining characteristics to be the fleshy fruit bodies, d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russula Schaefferi
''Russula'' is a very large genus composed of around 750 worldwide species of ectomycorrhizal mushrooms. They are typically common, fairly large, and brightly colored – making them one of the most recognizable genera among mycologists and mushroom collectors. Their distinguishing characteristics include usually brightly coloured caps, a white to dark yellow spore print, brittle, attached gills, an absence of latex, and absence of partial veil or volva tissue on the stem. Microscopically, the genus is characterised by the amyloid ornamented spores and flesh (trama) composed of spherocysts. Members of the related genus ''Lactarius'' have similar characteristics but emit a milky latex when their gills are broken. The genus was described by Christian Hendrik Persoon in 1796. Taxonomy Christian Hendrik Persoon first circumscribed the genus ''Russula'' in his 1796 work ''Observationes Mycologicae'', and considered the defining characteristics to be the fleshy fruit bodies, d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russula Nauseosa
''Russula'' is a very large genus composed of around 750 worldwide species of ectomycorrhizal mushrooms. They are typically common, fairly large, and brightly colored – making them one of the most recognizable genera among mycologists and mushroom collectors. Their distinguishing characteristics include usually brightly coloured caps, a white to dark yellow spore print, brittle, attached gills, an absence of latex, and absence of partial veil or volva tissue on the stem. Microscopically, the genus is characterised by the amyloid ornamented spores and flesh (trama) composed of spherocysts. Members of the related genus ''Lactarius'' have similar characteristics but emit a milky latex when their gills are broken. The genus was described by Christian Hendrik Persoon in 1796. Taxonomy Christian Hendrik Persoon first circumscribed the genus ''Russula'' in his 1796 work ''Observationes Mycologicae'', and considered the defining characteristics to be the fleshy fruit bodies, d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phyllosticta Schaefferiae
''Phyllosticta'' is a genus of fungi. Many of the species in this genus are common and important plant pathogens. They typically infect the foliage and cause tannish-gray leaf spots with dark brown to purple borders. However, ''Phyllosticta'' may also infect fruit and stems. Yield loss is a common consequence of ''Phyllosticta'' infection. Species * '' Phyllosticta aberiae'' * '' Phyllosticta abietis'' * '' Phyllosticta abortiva'' * '' Phyllosticta abramovii'' * '' Phyllosticta abricola'' * '' Phyllosticta abutilonis'' * '' Phyllosticta acaciicola'' * '' Phyllosticta acanthopanacis'' * '' Phyllosticta acanthospermi'' * '' Phyllosticta acanthosyridis'' * '' Phyllosticta acericola'' * '' Phyllosticta acerina'' * '' Phyllosticta aceris'' * '' Phyllosticta aceris-obtusati'' * '' Phyllosticta acetosae'' * '' Phyllosticta acicola'' * '' Phyllosticta aconiti'' * '' Phyllosticta aconitifoliicola'' * '' Phyllosticta aconitina'' * '' Phyllosticta acori'' * '' Phyllosticta acoridii'' * '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neolentinus Schaefferi
''Neolentinus'' is a genus of wood-decaying agarics with tough (leathery to woody) fruit bodies composed of dimitic tissue, serrated lamella edges, and nonamyloid white binucleate basidiospores among other features. It was segregated from ''Lentinus'' in the broad taxonomic sense, hence the derivation of the name. Biologically ''Neolentinus'' species produce a brown rot type of decay of wood, whereas ''Lentinus'' causes a white rot. Molecular phylogenetic analysis shows that the two genera are unrelated. ''Neolentinus'' is phylogenetically allied to other brown rot genera such as ''Gloeophyllum'', ''Heliocybe'', and ''Veluticeps''. A new order, the Gloeophyllales, has been described for these fungi. ''Heliocybe'' had been placed in synonymy but it differs phylogenetically and anatomically by the lack of clamp connections that all ''Neolentinus'' produce on their generative hyphae. Species The best known species in this genus is '' Neolentinus lepideus'', sometimes known as th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lentinus Schaefferi
''Lentinus'' is a genus of fungi in the family Polyporaceae. The genus is widely distributed, with many species found in subtropical regions. The genus name ''Lentinus'' is derived from the Latin ''lent'', meaning "pliable", and ''inus'', meaning "resembling". Species , Index Fungorum accepts 120 species of ''Lentinus''. The genus includes: *'' L. anastomosans'' Rick (1938) *'' L. anthocephalus'' (Lév.) Pegler (1971) *'' L. araucariae'' Har. & Pat. (1903) *'' L. arcularius'' (Batsch) Zmitr. (2010) *'' L. atrobrunneus'' Pegler (1971) *'' L. badius'' (Berk.) Berk. (1847) *'' L. baguirmiensis'' Pat. & Har. (1908) *'' L. bambusinus'' T.K.A.Kumar & Manim. (2005) *'' L. berteroi'' (Fr.) Fr. (1825) *'' L. brumalis'' (Pers.) Zmitr. (2010) *'' L. brunneofloccosus'' Pegler (1971) *'' L. caesariatus'' Pat. (1924) *'' L. calyx'' (Speg.) Pegler (1983) *'' L. campinensis'' Teixeira (1946) *'' L. candidus'' P.W.Graff (1913) *'' L. chordalis'' Lloyd (1919) *'' L. chudaei'' Har. & Pat. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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