|
John Sanness
John Christian Munthe Sanness (24 May 1913 – 6 November 1984) was a Norwegian historian and politician for the Labour Party. He is known as the director of the Norwegian Institute of International Affairs from 1960 to 1983, professor at the University of Oslo from 1966 to 1983 and chair of the Norwegian Nobel Committee from 1979 to 1981. Early career He was born in Leipzig as a son of Stian Sanness (1880–1966) and Hanne Theodora Munthe (1882–1954). The family moved to Kristiania seven years later, and Sanness attended Kristiania Cathedral School. He joined the revolutionary group ''Mot Dag'' during this period, and was expelled from his school for protests against the 25-year anniversary of the monarchy in 1930. He later declined an offer to be reentered, and finished his secondary education as a private candidate. In 1940 he chaired the Norwegian Students' Society. In April 1940, Norway was invaded and occupied by Nazi Germany. Sanness learned from a Norwegian official in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Norway
Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe, the mainland territory of which comprises the western and northernmost portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula. The remote Arctic island of Jan Mayen and the archipelago of Svalbard also form part of Norway. Bouvet Island, located in the Subantarctic, is a dependency of Norway; it also lays claims to the Antarctic territories of Peter I Island and Queen Maud Land. The capital and largest city in Norway is Oslo. Norway has a total area of and had a population of 5,425,270 in January 2022. The country shares a long eastern border with Sweden at a length of . It is bordered by Finland and Russia to the northeast and the Skagerrak strait to the south, on the other side of which are Denmark and the United Kingdom. Norway has an extensive coastline, facing the North Atlantic Ocean and the Barents Sea. The maritime influence dominates Norway's climate, with mild lowland temperatures on the se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arne Ording
Arne Ording (7 May 1898 – 26 July 1967) was a Norwegian historian and politician for ''Mot Dag'' and the Labour Party. Pre-war life and career Ording was born in Kristiania as a son of theology professor Johannes Ording (1869–1929) and Fredrikke Ording (1874–1966). He was a maternal great-grandson of Andreas Hauge, a nephew of educator and politician Fredrik Ording and theologian Hans Nielsen Hauge Ording, a first cousin of actor Jørn Ording and a second cousin of Aake Anker Ording. He took his examen artium in 1916, and subsequently enrolled at the Royal Frederick University. In 1921 he joined the group around the periodical ''Mot Dag'', and when ''Mot Dag'' was formalized as an organization, Ording became one of the prominent members. ''Mot Dag'' was a revolutionary socialist group, and had a goal of attracting an elite of intellectuals. Ording was also the chairman of the ''Mot Dag''-affiliated organization Clarté, and edited its periodical of the same name for a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Egil Aarvik
Egil Aarvik () (12 December 1912 – 19 July 1990) was a Norwegian newspaper editor, author and politician for the Christian Democratic Party. He served as Chairman of the Norwegian Nobel Committee from 1982 to 1990. Early life and career He grew up at Børsa in Sør-Trøndelag, Norway. He was the son of Julius Aarvik (1890–1961) and Louise Lie (1889–1973). After attending a folk high school in 1933, he was hired as a secretary in the Norwegian Lutheran Mission Society (''Det norske lutherske Indremisjonsselskap''). From 1940 to 1946 he was the mission secretary in Stavanger. He worked as a journalist in Trondheim for '' Dagsavisa'' from 1947 to 1950, before advancing to be editor-in-chief of that local Christian newspaper. In 1955, he left to work full-time as editor-in-chief of ''Folkets Framtid''. He subsequently moved to Grorud, where he sat on the congregational council (1962–1966). Political career Aarvik served was a member of Strinda municipal council during th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aase Lionæs
Aase Wind Lionæs (10 April 1907 – 2 January 1999) was a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party, and a socialist feminist. She was born in Oslo. She was elected to the Norwegian Parliament from Oslo in 1958, and was re-elected on four occasions. She had previously served in the position of deputy representative during the term 1954–1957, during which she met as a regular representative for Rakel Seweriin and later Einar Gerhardsen who both held positions in the Cabinet. Lionæs was a member of Oslo city council during the terms 1934–1937 and 1945–1947. She was also a member of the Norwegian Nobel Committee The Norwegian Nobel Committee ( no, Den norske Nobelkomité) selects the recipients of the Nobel Peace Prize each year on behalf of Swedish industrialist Alfred Nobel's estate, based on instructions of Nobel's will. Five members are appointed by ... from 1948 to 1968 and its leader from 1968 to 1978. She also served as Vice President of the Lag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry Kissinger
Henry Alfred Kissinger (; ; born Heinz Alfred Kissinger, May 27, 1923) is a German-born American politician, diplomat, and geopolitical consultant who served as United States Secretary of State and National Security Advisor under the presidential administrations of Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford. A Jewish refugee who fled Nazi Germany with his family in 1938, Kissinger excelled academically, receiving his BA degree '' summa cum laude'' from Harvard College in 1950, studying under William Yandell Elliott. He received his MA and PhD degrees at Harvard University in 1951 and 1954, respectively. For his actions negotiating a ceasefire in Vietnam, Kissinger received the 1973 Nobel Peace Prize under controversial circumstances. A practitioner of ''Realpolitik'', Kissinger played a prominent role in United States foreign policy between 1969 and 1977, pioneering the policy of détente with the Soviet Union, orchestrating an opening of relations with the People's Republic o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lê Đức Thọ
Lê Đức Thọ (; 14 October 1911 – 13 October 1990), born Phan Đình Khải in Nam Dinh Province, was a Vietnamese revolutionary, general, diplomat, and politician. He was the first Asian to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, jointly with United States Secretary of State Henry Kissinger in 1973, but refused the award. Communist revolutionary Lê Đức Thọ became active in Vietnamese nationalism as a teenager and spent much of his adolescence in French prisons, an experience that hardened him. Thọ's nickname was "the Hammer" on the account of his severity.Langguth, A.J. ''Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975'', New York: Simon and Schuster 2000 p. 510 In 1930, Lê Đức Thọ helped found the Indochinese Communist Party. French colonial authorities imprisoned him from 1930 to 1936 and again from 1939 to 1944. The French imprisoned him in one of the "tiger cage" cells on the prison located on the island of Poulo Condore (modern Côn Sơn Island) in the South China Sea. Pou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1973 Nobel Peace Prize
The 1973 Nobel Peace Prize was awarded jointly to United States United States Secretary of State, Secretary of State Henry Kissinger and Communist Party of Vietnam Politburo of the Communist Party of Vietnam, Politburo representative Lê Đức Thọ "for jointly having negotiated a cease fire in Vietnam in 1973." Thọ declined to accept the prize, and Kissinger accepted ''in absentia'' as he did not want to be targeted by Opposition to United States involvement in the Vietnam War, anti-war protestors at the event. Kissinger later tried to return the award, but the committee declined his offer. The 1973 Nobel Peace Prize is often cited as one of, if not the most controversial in the history of the award. Two members of the Norwegian Nobel Committee resigned in protest, ''The New York Times'' referred to it as the "Nobel War Prize", and Tom Lehrer stated that "political satire became obsolete". Award Background Henry Kissinger and Lê Đức Thọ had respectively been the Uni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nobel Peace Prize
The Nobel Peace Prize is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Swedish industrialist, inventor and armaments (military weapons and equipment) manufacturer Alfred Nobel, along with the prizes in Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Chemistry, Nobel Prize in Physics, Physics, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Physiology or Medicine and Nobel Prize in Literature, Literature. Since March 1901, it has been awarded annually (with some exceptions) to those who have "done the most or the best work for fraternity between nations, for the abolition or reduction of standing armies and for the holding and promotion of peace congresses". In accordance with Alfred Nobel's will, the recipient is selected by the Norwegian Nobel Committee, a five-member committee appointed by the Parliament of Norway. Since 2020 the prize is awarded in the University of Oslo Faculty of Law, Atrium of the University of Oslo, where it was also awarded 1947–1989; the Abel Prize is also awarded in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Samtiden
''Samtiden'' is a Norwegian political and literary magazine. History and profile ''Samtiden'' was founded by Jørgen Brunchorst and Gerhard Gran in 1890. The magazine's first publisher was ''John Griegs forlag'' (Bergen), and from 1900 Aschehoug (Oslo). Gran was the magazine's editor from 1892 to 1925. As of 2002 Thomas Hylland Eriksen was the editor-in-chief of the magazine. Cathrine Sandnes has been editor-in-chief since 2006. ''Samtiden'' is a member of the Eurozine network. Editors *1892–1925: Gerhard Gran *1925–1963: Jacob Worm-Müller (except 1940–1942) *1940–1942: Andreas Hofgaard Winsnes *1963–1969: John Sanness *1969–1979: Torkel Opsahl *1979–1988: Editorial committee (including Helge Rønning, and others) *1989–1993: Trond Berg Eriksen *1993–2001: Thomas Hylland Eriksen *2001–2006: Knut Olav Åmås Knut Olav Åmås (born 19 January 1968) is a Norwegian writer, editor and politician for the Conservative Party. He hails from Odda. He ho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Odd Højdahl
Odd Højdahl (5 January 1921 – 23 February 1994) was a Norwegian trade unionist and politician for the Labour Party. He was born in Oslo. In 1971–1972 he was the Minister of Social Affairs in the first cabinet Bratteli. As an elected politician he served as a deputy representative to the Norwegian Parliament from Oslo during the term 1961–1965. On the local level he was a member of Oslo city council from 1953 to 1957. Having studied law from 1941 to 1943, after World War II he worked one year as a police officer and then as a civil servant. He then became a professional trade unionist, holding positions in trade unions within the national trade union center Norwegian Confederation of Trade Unions from 1951. He later rose in the hierarchy of the Confederation to serve as secretary from 1960 to 1969 and then vice chairman from 1969 to 1977. From 1977 to 1988 he directed the Norwegian Labour Inspection Authority. He chaired the Norwegian People's Aid from 1975 t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Einar Gerhardsen
Einar Henry Gerhardsen (; 10 May 1897 – 19 September 1987) was a Norwegian politician from the Labour Party of Norway. He was the 22nd prime minister of Norway for three periods, 1945–1951, 1955–1963 and 1963–1965. With totally 17 years in office, he is the longest serving Prime Minister in Norway since the introduction of parliamentarism. Many Norwegians often refer to him as "Landsfaderen" (Father of the Nation); he is generally considered one of the main architects of the post-war rebuilding of Norway after World War II. He also served as the second President of the Nordic Council in 1954. Biography Early life Einar Gerhardsen was born in the municipality of Asker, in the county of Akershus. His parents were Gerhard Olsen (1867–1949) and Emma Hansen (1872–1949). His father was ''rodemester'' in Public Roads Administration and was foreman of a trade union committee, ''fanekomiteen for Veivesenets arbeiderforening'', and during Gerhardsen's childhood the trade un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Historiography
Historiography is the study of the methods of historians in developing history as an academic discipline, and by extension is any body of historical work on a particular subject. The historiography of a specific topic covers how historians have studied that topic using particular sources, techniques, and theoretical approaches. Scholars discuss historiography by topic—such as the historiography of the United Kingdom, that of WWII, the British Empire, early Islam, and China—and different approaches and genres, such as political history and social history. Beginning in the nineteenth century, with the development of academic history, there developed a body of historiographic literature. The extent to which historians are influenced by their own groups and loyalties—such as to their nation state—remains a debated question. In the ancient world, chronological annals were produced in civilizations such as ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia. However, the discipline of his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
.svg "Click for more on -> Norway")
.jpg "Click for more on -> Henry Kissinger")
.jpg "Click for more on -> Einar Gerhardsen")
