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John Maddox Prize
The John Maddox Prize is an international prize administered by Sense about Science in partnership with ''Nature''. One or two individuals are recognised annually by the Prize for their work promoting sound science and evidence despite hostility. The prize was started in 2012 in commemoration of John Maddox, former editor-in-chief of ''Nature'', who was distinguished in his advancement of science for the public interest. His daughter, Bronwen Maddox, is the current patron of the Prize. Winners receive a monetary award and an announcement is published in ''Nature''. Recipients There have been 13 John Maddox Prize winners since its inception in 2012. 2012 In 2012, the John Maddox Prize was awarded to British psychiatrist Simon Wessely and Chinese science writer Shi-min Fang. Wessely was recognised for continuing his research on Myalgic Encaphalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome despite criticism from patient groups, and Fang was recognised for his work exposing pseudoscience and fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Susan Jebb
Susan Ann Jebb is Chair of the United Kingdom's Food Standards Agency and Professor of Diet and Population Health at the Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford. Career In 2008, Jebb was awarded an OBE for services to public health. In 2015, she was criticised in an investigation by the British Medical Journal for her closeness to the sugar industry. In 2018, she was appointed Fellow of the Medical Academy of Sciences. Jebb's research has suggested that a referral to commercial weight management weight loss programmes delivered in the community may be a cost-effective way to treat obesity in primary care. Her more recent work has studied how our perception of portion size as normal or smaller than normal can affect the amount of food we eat, and how shoppers can be influenced to choose decreased salt alternatives at the grocery store. Personal life When at Cambridge, she lived in Steeple Morden, near Royston, Hertfordshire; she now lives in Shr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mohammad Sharif Razai
Mohammad Sharif Razai is a physician, poet, author and researcher. He was awarded the 2021 John Maddox Prize as an early career researcher, by Sense about Science and ''Nature'' for his work on racial health inequalities. Early life and education Razai was born in Afghanistan and came to the UK when he was 14. He studied medicine at the University of Cambridge. Career Razai works as a medical doctor in the UK's National Health Service, and as a researcher at St George's University of London. Razai's writings deal with health inequalities in particular during the COVID-19 pandemic. Mohammad Razai is also a published poet and has written for the ''Poetry Review'', ''Brittle Stars'', '' Tears in the Fence, Under the Radar'' '','' ''Brixton Review of Books'' and other poetry magazines. He also contributes to ''the BMJ'' Opinion regularly on a wide range of topics. Awards and honours Razai was awarded the John Maddox Prize in 2021 as an early career research. In 2021, there ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elisabeth Bik
Elisabeth Margaretha Harbers-Bik (born 1966) is a Dutch microbiologist and scientific integrity consultant. Bik is known for her work detecting photo manipulation in scientific publications, and identifying over 4,000 potential cases of improper research conduct, including 400 research papers published by authors in China from a research paper mill company. Bik is the founder of Microbiome Digest, a blog with daily updates on microbiome research, and the Science Integrity Digest blog. Bik was awarded the 2021 John Maddox Prize for "outstanding work exposing widespread threats to research integrity in scientific papers". Early life and education Bik was born in the Netherlands. Since childhood, she had a good ability to spot repeating patterns. She studied at the Utrecht University, where she obtained her MSc degree and subsequently a PhD in 1996, both in microbiology. Her dissertation was about developing vaccines for new strains of ''Vibrio cholerae'' involved in cholera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carotid Stenosis
Carotid artery stenosis is a narrowing or constriction of any part of the carotid arteries, usually caused by atherosclerosis. Signs and symptoms The common carotid artery is the large artery whose pulse can be felt on both sides of the neck under the jaw. On the right side it starts from the brachiocephalic artery (a branch of the aorta), and on the left side the artery comes directly off the aortic arch. At the throat it forks into the internal carotid artery and the external carotid artery. The internal carotid artery supplies the brain, and the external carotid artery supplies the face. This fork is a common site for atherosclerosis, an inflammatory build-up of atheromatous plaque inside the common carotid artery, or the internal carotid arteries that causes them to narrow. The plaque can be stable and asymptomatic, or it can be a source of embolization. Emboli break off from the plaque and travel through the circulation to blood vessels in the brain. As the vessels get smalle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salim Abdool Karim
Salim S. Abdool Karim, MBChB, MMed, MS(Epi), FFPHM, FFPath (Virol), DipData, PhD, DSc(hc) is a South African public health physician, epidemiologist and virologist who has played a leading role in the AIDS and COVID-19 pandemic. His scientific contributions have impacted the landscape of HIV prevention and treatment, saving thousands of lives Career Karim is a professor at both the University of KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa, and Columbia University in the United States. He was involved in the study.UKZN"CAPRISA Trial Scoops USAID Award "Breakthrough Microbicide Gel Prevents HIV and Herpes in Women", ''University of KwaZulu-Natal'', Durban, 31 January 2014. Retrieved on 27 September 2014. During the COVID-19 pandemic, Karim was chosen to lead a 45-person Ministerial Advisory Committee. The committee was intended to guide the South African government's response to the pandemic, and included several other medical experts. He was elected to be the Vice President for Outreach and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anthony Fauci
Anthony Stephen Fauci (; born December 24, 1940) is an American physician-scientist and immunologist serving as the director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) and the chief medical advisor to the president. As a physician with the National Institutes of Health (NIH), Fauci has served the American public health sector in various capacities for more than fifty years and has acted as an advisor to every U.S. president since Ronald Reagan. He has been director of the NIAID since 1984 and has made contributions to HIV/AIDS research and other immunodeficiency diseases, both as a research scientist and as the head of the NIAID. From 1983 to 2002, Fauci was one of the world's most frequently cited scientists across all scientific journals. In 2008, President George W. Bush awarded him the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the highest civilian award in the United States, for his work on the AIDS relief program PEPFAR. During the COVID-19 pandemic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Terry Hughes (scientist)
Terence P. Hughes (born 1956, in Dublin, Ireland) is a professor of marine biology at James Cook University in Queensland, Australia. He is known for research on the global coral bleaching event caused by climate change. ''Nature'' dubbed him "Reef sentinel" in 2016 for the global role he plays in applying multi-disciplinary science to securing reef sustainability. He is an Australian Research Council Laureate Fellow and Director of the Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies. His research interests encompass coral reef ecology, macroecology and evolution, as well as social-ecological interactions. His recent work has focused on marine ecology, macroecology, climate change, identifying safe planetary boundaries for human development, and on transformative governance of the sea in Australia, Chile, China, the Galapagos Islands, Gulf of Maine and the Coral Triangle. His career citations in Google Scholar exceed 88,000. Education and car ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Britt Marie Hermes
Britt Marie Hermes (née Deegan; born 1984) is an American former naturopathic doctor who became a critic of naturopathy and alternative medicine. She is the author of a blog, ''Naturopathic Diaries'', where she writes about being trained and having practiced as a licensed naturopath and about the problems with naturopaths as medical practitioners. Hermes' writings deal with the education and practices of licensed naturopaths in North America, and she is a noted opponent of alternative medicine. Hermes has been dubbed a whistleblower on the naturopathic profession and a "naturopathic apostate". Early life, education and career Hermes was born and grew up in California, and in 2002 graduated from Oak Park High School in Ventura County, California. Hermes has said that she became interested in natural medicine while in high school to treat her psoriasis, and that "A bad experience with a doctor as a teen pushed her to pursue a career in naturopathic medicine". In 2006, she gradua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naturopathy
Naturopathy, or naturopathic medicine, is a form of alternative medicine. A wide array of pseudoscientific practices branded as "natural", "non-invasive", or promoting "self-healing" are employed by its practitioners, who are known as naturopaths. Difficult to generalize, these treatments range from outright quackery, like homeopathy, to widely accepted practices like certain forms of psychotherapy. The ideology and methods of naturopathy are based on vitalism and folk medicine rather than evidence-based medicine, although practitioners may use techniques supported by evidence. Naturopathic practitioners commonly recommend against following modern medical practices, including but not limited to medical testing, drugs, vaccinations, and surgery. Instead, naturopathic practice relies on unscientific notions, often leading naturopaths to diagnoses and treatments that have no factual merit. Naturopathy is considered by the medical profession to be ineffective and harmful ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Investigator
Certain scholarly funding agencies make a distinction between investigators and new investigators. New investigators would be evaluated in a different way when competing for funding with more seasoned researchers, or they would be able to access funding resources specific to them. The rationale behind is to avoid the current trend that for certain grants the average age of the researchers receiving it for the first time keeps increasing over the years (See graph). Definition The formal definition of a new investigator varies with the funding agency. For example, for the United States National Institutes of Health, a new investigator is one that does not have a story of previous funding. Other organizations, such as the Alzheimer's Association, consider a new investigator someone that is less than 10 years past their PhD degree. The Canadian Institutes of Health Research require a maximum of 60 months holding a full-time research appointment, and the Leukemia Research Foundati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
TheGuardian
''The Guardian'' is a British daily newspaper. It was founded in 1821 as ''The Manchester Guardian'', and changed its name in 1959. Along with its sister papers ''The Observer'' and ''The Guardian Weekly'', ''The Guardian'' is part of the Guardian Media Group, owned by the Scott Trust. The trust was created in 1936 to "secure the financial and editorial independence of ''The Guardian'' in perpetuity and to safeguard the journalistic freedom and liberal values of ''The Guardian'' free from commercial or political interference". The trust was converted into a limited company in 2008, with a constitution written so as to maintain for ''The Guardian'' the same protections as were built into the structure of the Scott Trust by its creators. Profits are reinvested in journalism rather than distributed to owners or shareholders. It is considered a newspaper of record in the UK. The editor-in-chief Katharine Viner succeeded Alan Rusbridger in 2015. Since 2018, the paper's main news ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
