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Jigme Namgyel
''Desi'' Jigme Namgyal of Bhutan (Dzongkha: འཇིགས་མེད་རྣམ་རྒྱལ་; , 1825–1881) is a forefather of the Wangchuck Dynasty. He served as 48th Druk Desi ( Deb Raja, the secular executive) of Bhutan (1870–1873), and held the hereditary post of 10th Penlop of Trongsa. He was called the Black Ruler. Marriage Son of ''Dasho'' Pila Gonpo Wangyal and his second wife, ''Ashi'' Sonam Pelzom, ''Desi'' Jigme Namgyal was born in 1825 at Pila Nagtshang and died in 1881 at Semtokha Dzong. He was an outstanding military commander. The qualities of loyalty, bravery, integrity and risk-taking were crucial factors in the rise of Jigme Namgyal. ''Desi'' Jigme Namgyal was from Kurtoe Dungkar, from where the ancestry of Wangchuck Dynasty originates. He was a descendant of Khedrup Kuenga Wangpo (b. 1505), the son of Tertön Pema Lingpa (1450-1521) and his second wife, ''Yum'' Bumdren, and Khedrup's consort, Wangmo, from Khadro Chodung clan, who was a descend ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tibet
Tibet (; ''Böd''; ) is a region in East Asia, covering much of the Tibetan Plateau and spanning about . It is the traditional homeland of the Tibetan people. Also resident on the plateau are some other ethnic groups such as Monpa people, Monpa, Tamang people, Tamang, Qiang people, Qiang, Sherpa people, Sherpa and Lhoba peoples and now also considerable numbers of Han Chinese and Hui people, Hui settlers. Since Annexation of Tibet by the People's Republic of China, 1951, the entire plateau has been under the administration of the People's Republic of China, a major portion in the Tibet Autonomous Region, and other portions in the Qinghai and Sichuan provinces. Tibet is the highest region on Earth, with an average elevation of . Located in the Himalayas, the highest elevation in Tibet is Mount Everest, Earth's highest mountain, rising 8,848.86 m (29,032 ft) above sea level. The Tibetan Empire emerged in the 7th century. At its height in the 9th century, the Tibet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pema Lingpa
Pema Lingpa or Padma Lingpa (, 1450–1521) was a Bhutanese saint and siddha of the Nyingma school of Tibetan Buddhism. He is considered a ''terchen'' or "preeminent tertön" (, discoverer of spiritual treasures) and is considered to be foremost of the "Five Tertön Kings" (). In the history of the Nyingma school in Bhutan, Pema Lingpa is second only in importance to Padmasambhava. Biography Pema Lingpa was born in Chel presently called Baribrang in Tang valley of Bumthang, part of the central Bhutanese region of Bumthang known as the “Wheel of Dharma.” His father was Lama Döndrup Zangpo of the Nyö clan, and his mother, Drogmo Pema Drolma, was bestowed with all the signs of a dakini. Their son was born among many miraculous signs. As an incarnation of the Omniscient One Drimé Ozer (Longchenpa), Pema Lingpa was extraordinary even as a child. He learned everything from reading and writing to ironwork and carpentry without receiving any instruction. On the tenth day of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Europe, off the north-western coast of the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland, and many smaller islands within the British Isles. Northern Ireland shares a land border with the Republic of Ireland; otherwise, the United Kingdom is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel, the Celtic Sea and the Irish Sea. The total area of the United Kingdom is , with an estimated 2020 population of more than 67 million people. The United Kingdom has evolved from a series of annexations, unions and separations of constituent countries over several hundred years. The Treaty of Union between the Kingdom of England (which included Wales, annexed in 1542) and the Kingdom of Scotland in 170 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Raj
The British Raj (; from Hindi ''rāj'': kingdom, realm, state, or empire) was the rule of the British Crown on the Indian subcontinent; * * it is also called Crown rule in India, * * * * or Direct rule in India, * Quote: "Mill, who was himself employed by the British East India company from the age of seventeen until the British government assumed direct rule over India in 1858." * * and lasted from 1858 to 1947. * * The region under British control was commonly called India in contemporaneous usage and included areas directly administered by the United Kingdom, which were collectively called British India, and areas ruled by indigenous rulers, but under British paramountcy, called the princely states. The region was sometimes called the Indian Empire, though not officially. As ''India'', it was a founding member of the League of Nations, a participating nation in the Summer Olympics in 1900, 1920, 1928, 1932, and 1936, and a founding member of the United Nations in San F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raven Crown
The Raven Crown (Dzongkha: དབུ་ཞྭ་བྱ་རོག་ཅན་; Wylie: ''dbu-zhva bya-rog-can'') is worn by the Kings of Bhutan. It is a hat surmounted by the head of a raven. History The hereditary monarchy of the Wangchuck dynasty in the independent Himalayan State of Bhutan was established in 1907. The first king of the Wangchuck dynasty, ''Gongsar'' Ugyen Wangchuck (1862–1926), was a charismatic figure who came to power against a turbulent background of incessant and complex feuding in that chaotic warrior state. He adopted as the unique symbol of his authority a satin and silk crown surmounted by the head of a raven. The bird represents a form of ''Mahakala'', Bhutan's guardian deity. The prototype of the founding monarch's Raven Crown had first been devised as a battle helmet for his father, Jigme Namgyel (1825–1881). Known as the Black Ruler, he had worn it in bloody struggles against his many rivals within the country and against the British who tri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jetsun Pema (born 1990)
Jetsun Pema ( dz, རྗེ་བཙུན་པདྨ་; Wylie: rje btsun padma, born on 4 June 1990) is the Druk Gyaltsuen ( Dzongkha: Dragon Queen) of Bhutan, as the wife of King Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck. She is currently the youngest queen consort in the world. She and the King have two children: Prince Jigme Namgyel Wangchuck, the heir apparent to the Bhutanese throne, and Jigme Ugyen Wangchuck. Early life and education Jetsun Pema was born at Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital in Thimphu on 4 June 1990. Her father, Dhondup Gyaltshen, is the grandson of two ''Trashigang Dzongpons'', Thinley Topgay and Ugyen Tshering (governors of Trashigang). Her mother, ''Aum'' Sonam Choki, comes from the family of Bumthang Pangtey, one of Bhutan's oldest noble families. Sonam Choki's father was a half-brother of two queens consort of Bhutan, Phuntsho Choden (great-grandmother of the present king) and her sister Pema Dechen. Her ancestor is also the 48th Druk Desi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pema Dechen
Ashi Pema Dechen (1918–1991) was the Queen consort of Bhutan. Early life ''Ashi'' Pema Dechen was born in 1918 at Wangducholing Palace to ''Chumed Zhalgno'', ''Dasho'' Jamyang (of the Tamzhing Choji family – also known as the Myo family -) and ''Ashi'' Decho, daughter of ''Ashi'' Yeshay Choden (who was the sister of Druk Gyalpo ''Gongsar'' Ugyen Wangchuck). She had two full-brothers and two full-sisters, and another half-siblings by the second marriages of her parents: * ''Dasho'' Gonpo Dorji, ''Chumed Zhalgno''. * ''Ashi'' Phuntsho Choden (1911–2003). * ''Dasho'' Lam Nado (1920–1989). * ''Ashi'' Chimi. From an early age, ''Ashi'' Pema Dechen received a traditional education. Marriage and family She married Bhutan's second king, a cross cousin, Jigme Wangchuck, in 1932 when she was 14 years old. They were second cousins. ''Ashi'' Pema Dechen was the half-sister of the maternal grandfather of the current Queen of Bhutan, Jetsun Pema, and she was the great grandmother ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phuntsho Choden
Ashi Phuntsho Choden (1911–2003) was the Queen consort of Bhutan. Early life ''Ashi'' Phuntsho Choden was born in 1911 at Wangducholing Palace to ''Chumed Zhalgno'', ''Dasho'' Jamyang (of the Tamzhing Choji family - also known as the Myo family -) and ''Ashi'' Decho, daughter of ''Ashi'' Yeshay Choden (who was the sister of Druk Gyalpo ''Gongsar'' Ugyen Wangchuck). She had two full-brothers and two full-sisters, and another half-siblings by the second marriages of her parents: * ''Dasho'' Gonpo Dorji, ''Chumed Zhalgno''. * ''Ashi'' Pema Dechen (1918–1991). * ''Dasho'' Lam Nado (1920–1989). * ''Ashi'' Chimi. From an early age, ''Ashi'' Phuntsho Choden received a traditional education, including lessons on Buddhism. She received teachings, empowerment, and reading transmissions in the Drukpa Kargyu, Karma Kargyu, Dujom, Peling, and Nyingthig traditions from renowned Buddhist lamas. Marriage and family She married Bhutan's second king, a cross cousin, Jigme Wangchuck, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Druk Gyaltsuen
The Druk Gyaltsuen (lit. Dragon Queen) is the Queen consort of the Kingdom of Bhutan. In the Dzongkha language, Bhutan is known as ''Drukyul'' which translates as "The Land of the Thunder Dragon". Thus, while Queens of Bhutan are known as ''Druk Gyaltsuen'' ("Dragon Queen"), the Bhutanese people call themselves the ''Drukpa'', meaning "Dragon people". The current Queen consort of Bhutan is Jetsun Pema Wangchuck, the 5th ''Druk Gyaltsuen''. She wears the hand-sewn silk Phoenix Crown, which is the official crown worn by the Queens of Bhutan. She also has a carved jade gold Tiara. Queen ''Ashi'' Jetsun Pema Wangchuck is the youngest consort in the world. List of Druk Gyaltsuens See also * Constitution of Bhutan * Druk * Druk Gyalpo * Dual system of government * History of Bhutan * House of Wangchuck * Politics of Bhutan The Government of Bhutan has been a constitutional monarchy since 18 July 2008. The King of Bhutan is the head of state. The executive power is e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dzongpen
Dzongpen ( Dzongkha: རྗོང་དཔོན་; Wylie: ''rjong-dpon''; also spelled "Dzongpon," "Dzongpön," "Jongpen," "Jongpon," "Jongpön") is a Dzongkha term roughly translated as governor or dzong lord. Bhutanese dzongpens, prior to unification, controlled certain areas of the country, but now hold no administrative office. Rather, dzongpens are now entirely subservient to the House of Wangchuck. Traditionally, Bhutan comprised nine provinces: Trongsa, Paro, Punakha, Wangdue Phodrang, Daga (also Taka, Tarka, or Taga), Bumthang, Thimphu, Kurtoed (also Kurtoi, Kuru-tod), and Kurmaed (or Kurme, Kuru-mad). The Provinces of Kurtoed and Kurmaed were combined into one local administration, leaving the traditional number of governors at eight. While some lords ruled from dzongs (dzongpens), others held the title of penlop ( Dzongkha: དཔོན་སློབ་; Wylie: ''dpon-slob''; also "Ponlop"), a title also translated as "governor," though penlops tended to be m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paro District
Paro District (Dzongkha: སྤ་རོ་རྫོང་ཁག་; Wylie: ''Spa-ro rdzong-khag'') is a district (''dzongkhag''), valley, river and town (population 20,000) in Bhutan. It is one of the most historic valleys in Bhutan. Both trade goods and invading Tibetans came over the pass at the head of the valley, giving Paro the closest cultural connection with Tibet of any Bhutanese district. The dominant language in Paro is Dzongkha, the national language. Paro contains the only international airport in Bhutan, Paro Airport. Geography Paro District is bordered by Haa District to the west, Tibet to the north, Thimphu District to the east, and Chukha District to the south. Administrative divisions Paro Districts comprises ten village blocks (or '' gewogs''): * Doga Gewog * Dopshari Gewog * Doteng Gewog * Hungrel Gewog * Lamgong Gewog * Lungnyi Gewog * Naja Gewog * Shapa Gewog *Tsento Gewog * Wangchang Gewog Environment Northern Paro District (the ''gewogs'' of Dot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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