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Jehan Suzay
Jo annesSusay or Jehan Suzay (sometimes written Suzoy or Susoy) (''fl.'' c. 1380; d. after 1411) was a French composer of the Middle Ages. He is the composer of three ballades in the style, all found in the Chantilly Codex: ''A l'albre sec'', ''Prophilias, un des nobles'', and '' Pictagoras, Jabol et Orpheus''. The last ballade is also found in the Boverio Codex, Turin T.III.2, with the more accurate incipit "Pytagoras, Jobal, et Orpheus" . A a three-voice Gloria "in fauxbourdon-like style" found in the Apt codex (ff. 25v/26r) is also attributed to Susay. Susay's secular works have been edited in Willi Apel, ''French Secular Music of the Fourteenth Century'' and Gordon Greene, ''Polyphonic Music of the Fourteenth Century,'' volumes 18 and 19, and his Gloria by Stäblein-Harder and Cattin/Facchin. According to the anonymous, early-fifteenth century treatise, '' Règles de la seconde rhétorique'', the poet Jehan de Suzay (named along with Tapissier Johannes Tapissier (also J ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Froissart
Jean Froissart (Old and Middle French: ''Jehan'', – ) (also John Froissart) was a French-speaking medieval author and court historian from the Low Countries who wrote several works, including ''Chronicles'' and ''Meliador'', a long Arthurian romance, and a large body of poetry, both short lyrical forms as well as longer narrative poems. For centuries, Froissart's ''Chronicles'' have been recognised as the chief expression of the chivalric revival of the 14th-century kingdoms of England, France and Scotland. His history is also an important source for the first half of the Hundred Years' War.Michael Jones (2004).Froissart, Jean (1337? – c. 1404). ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography''. Life What little is known of Froissart's life comes mainly from his historical writings and from archival sources which mention him in the service of aristocrats or receiving gifts from them. Although his poems have also been used in the past to reconstruct aspects of his biography, this ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Composer
A composer is a person who writes music. The term is especially used to indicate composers of Western classical music, or those who are composers by occupation. Many composers are, or were, also skilled performers of music. Etymology and Definition The term is descended from Latin, ''compōnō''; literally "one who puts together". The earliest use of the term in a musical context given by the ''Oxford English Dictionary'' is from Thomas Morley's 1597 ''A Plain and Easy Introduction to Practical Music'', where he says "Some wil be good descanters ..and yet wil be but bad composers". 'Composer' is a loose term that generally refers to any person who writes music. More specifically, it is often used to denote people who are composers by occupation, or those who in the tradition of Western classical music. Writers of exclusively or primarily songs may be called composers, but since the 20th century the terms 'songwriter' or ' singer-songwriter' are more often used, particularl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Middle Ages
In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the late 5th to the late 15th centuries, similar to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire and transitioned into the Renaissance and the Age of Discovery. The Middle Ages is the middle period of the three traditional divisions of Western history: classical antiquity, the medieval period, and the modern period. The medieval period is itself subdivided into the Early, High, and Late Middle Ages. Population decline, counterurbanisation, the collapse of centralized authority, invasions, and mass migrations of tribes, which had begun in late antiquity, continued into the Early Middle Ages. The large-scale movements of the Migration Period, including various Germanic peoples, formed new kingdoms in what remained of the Western Roman Empire. In the 7th century, North Africa and the Middle East—most recently part of the Eastern Ro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ursula Günther
Ursula Günther (15 June 1927 – 20 or 21 November 2006) was a German musicologist specializing in the fourteenth and early fifteenth centuries and the music of Giuseppe Verdi. She coined the term , to categorize the rhythmically complex music that followed . Life Ursula Günther was born Ursula Rösse in Hamburg.*Hans Heinrich Eggebrecht, "Günther, Ursula". In The ''New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians,'' second edition, edited by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell (London: Macmillan Publishers, 2001). After studying piano with D. Kraus and H. E. Riebensahm and music theory with H. Stahmer in Hamburg, she graduated with a music teacher's degree in 1947. From 1948 she studied music with Heinrich Husmann at the University of Hamburg along with other subjects such as art history, German and Romance Literature, philosophy, psychology, and phonetics. In 1957 at Hamburg she wrote a thesis under the tutelage of Heinrich Besseler on the change in style of the French ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ars Subtilior
''Ars subtilior'' (Latin for 'subtler art') is a musical style characterized by rhythmic and notational complexity, centered on Paris, Avignon in southern France, and also in northern Spain at the end of the fourteenth century.Hoppin 1978, 472–73. The style also is found in the French Cypriot repertory. Often the term is used in contrast with ars nova, which applies to the musical style of the preceding period from about 1310 to about 1370; though some scholars prefer to consider ''ars subtilior'' a subcategory of the earlier style. Primary sources for ''ars subtilior'' are the Chantilly Codex, the Modena Codex (Mod A M 5.24), and the Turin Manuscript (Torino J.II.9). Overview and history Musically, the productions of the ''ars subtilior'' are highly refined, complex, and difficult to sing, and probably were produced, sung, and enjoyed by a small audience of specialists and connoisseurs. Musicologist Richard Hoppin suggests the superlative ''ars subtilissima'', saying, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chantilly Codex
The Chantilly Codex (''Chantilly, Musée Condé MS 564'') is a manuscript of medieval music containing pieces from the style known as the ''Ars subtilior''. It is held in the museum at the Château de Chantilly in Chantilly, Oise. Most of the compositions in the Chantilly Codex date from c. 1350–1400. There are 112 pieces total, mostly by French composers, and all of them polyphonic. The codex contains examples of many of the most popular courtly dance styles of its time, such as ballades, rondeaus, virelais, and isorhythmic motets. Some of the motets are rhythmically extremely complex, and are written in intricately exact musical notation. Two pieces by Baude Cordier were added at a slightly later date at the front of the manuscript, and use unusual shapes to reflect their musical contents. The piece "Belle, Bonne, Sage, Plaisant" (image right) was written to a special lady for the New Year, and reflects the shape of the notation with the text (Lovely, good, wise, and pleasant ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pythagoras
Pythagoras of Samos ( grc, Πυθαγόρας ὁ Σάμιος, Pythagóras ho Sámios, Pythagoras the Samos, Samian, or simply ; in Ionian Greek; ) was an ancient Ionians, Ionian Ancient Greek philosophy, Greek philosopher and the eponymous founder of Pythagoreanism. His political and religious teachings were well known in Magna Graecia and influenced the philosophies of Plato, Aristotle, and, through them, the Western philosophy, West in general. Knowledge of his life is clouded by legend, but he appears to have been the son of Mnesarchus, a gem-engraver on the island of Samos. Modern scholars disagree regarding Pythagoras's education and influences, but they do agree that, around 530 BC, he travelled to Crotone, Croton in southern Italy, where he founded a school in which initiates were sworn to secrecy and lived a communal, asceticism, ascetic lifestyle. This lifestyle entailed a number of dietary prohibitions, traditionally said to have included vegetarianism, although m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jubal (Bible)
Jubal (also Yuval, Yubal or Tubal; – ''Yūḇāl'') is a Biblical figure in of the Hebrew Bible and Old Testament. Mentioned only once, he is sometimes regarded by Christians, particularly by medieval commentators, as the 'inventor of music'. A descendant of Cain, his father is Lamech and his brother is Jabal. Biblical narrative Jubal is only known from his appearance in of the Hebrew Bible and Old Testament. The account describes him as a descendant of Cain and the son of Lamech and Adah. He is also a brother of Jabal, and half-brother of Tubal-cain and Naamah. Genesis credits him as the forefather of certain instruments: the ( he, כנור) and (). The translations of these vary depending on the edition: Family tree In Islamic sources According to an unnamed Jewish source mentioned in Muhammad Al-Tabari's work History of the Prophets and Kings (915 CE), Jubal invented musical instruments during the time of Mahalalel Mahalalel (, ) is an Antediluv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orpheus
Orpheus (; Ancient Greek: Ὀρφεύς, classical pronunciation: ; french: Orphée) is a Thracian bard, legendary musician and prophet in ancient Greek religion. He was also a renowned poet and, according to the legend, travelled with Jason and the Argonauts in search of the Golden Fleece, and even descended into the Underworld of Hades, to recover his lost wife Eurydice. Ancient Greek authors as Strabo and Plutarch note Orpheus's Thracian origins. The major stories about him are centered on his ability to charm all living things and even stones with his music (the usual scene in Orpheus mosaics), his attempt to retrieve his wife Eurydice from the underworld, and his death at the hands of the maenads of Dionysus, who tired of his mourning for his late wife Eurydice. As an archetype of the inspired singer, Orpheus is one of the most significant figures in the reception of classical mythology in Western culture, portrayed or alluded to in countless forms of art and popular ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arts De Seconde Rhétorique
The term ''la seconde rhétorique'' (French for "second rhetoric") came into use in the fifteenth century as a description of secular, vernacular verse in France. The term embodied these three characteristics in opposition to (i) ''la première rhétorique'', that is, prose; (ii) to writing in medieval Latin; and (iii) to the writings of the clergy (''clercs''). The earliest vernacular treatise on poetry in France was the prologue written by Guillaume de Machaut for publication of his complete works (1370s), but the earliest that is one of the traditional ''Arts de seconde rhétorique'' is ''L'art de dictier'' by Eustache Deschamps (1392). Several examples of ''Arts de la seconde rhétorique'' followed: *''Des rimes'' by Jacques Legrand Jacques Legrand may refer to: * (c. 1350–1422), French writer of the ''Arts de seconde rhétorique'', also known as Jacobus Magnus * Jacques Legrand (philatelist) (1820–1912), French philatelist * Jacques Legrand (resistance leader), French ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tapissier
Johannes Tapissier (also Jean Tapissier, Jean de Noyers) ( 1370 – 1408 to 1410) was a French composer and teacher of the late Middle Ages, in the period transitional to the Renaissance style. He was one of the first members of the Burgundian School, the group of composers associated with the Dukes of Burgundy, and from which the Franco-Flemish style developed. Life The first record of his life is from 1391, when he was hired as a " valet de chambre" and composer for the court of Philip the Bold. He went with the duke on his travels, going to Avignon at least twice (1391, and again in 1395), where he doubtless encountered the composers and music of the Avignon repertory; Avignon then was the center of composition on the manneristic ''ars subtilior'' style. He was perhaps one of the contributors to the repertory, but if he left any secular music, or any music in the complex, mannered style, it has either been lost or remains anonymous. The anonymous '' Règles de la seconde r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ernest Langlois
Ernest Langlois ( Heippes, 4 September 1857 – Lille, 15 July 1924) was a French medievalist, professor at the University of Lille. He is best known for his 1910 work ''Les manuscrits du Roman de la Rose, description et classement'', on the manuscripts of the '' Roman de la Rose'' and subsequent five-volume edition ''Le Roman de la Rose par Guillaume de Loris et Jean de Meun''. This latter work was for the Société des anciens textes français, and was a reconstruction into the supposed dialect of Orléans of the time; the work is regarded as uneven, with judicious choice of readings but arbitrary corrections of orthography.Daniel Poiron, p. 33 of 1974 Garnier-Flammarion edition of the ''Roman''. Works *''Le Couronnement Looys'' (1888) * ''Origines et sources du Roman de la Rose'' (1890) * ''Le jeu de Robin et Marion'' (1896) * ''Anciens proverbes français'' (1899) * ''Recueil d’arts de seconde rhétorique The term ''la seconde rhétorique'' (French for "second rhetoric") ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
