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Javanese Wars Of Succession
The Javanese Wars of Succession were three military confrontations between the Dutch East India Company (VOC) and the Mataram Sultanate on central Java between 1703 and 1755. The hereditary succession in Maratam was at stake, prompting the VOC to field its own candidates in an attempt to gain more influence in central and eastern Java. At the end of the Javanese Wars of Succession, Mataram was carved into three weak ''Vorstenlanden'' ("Princely Lands"), independent in name only, as a consequence of the divide and rule policy of the VOC. Overview The Trunajaya rebellion (1674–1681) lay the seed for the Javanese Wars of Succession. During this uprising, sultan Amangkurat I of Mataram died in 1677, causing a war of succession to break out between his sons Amangkurat II of Mataram, Rahmat (Amangkurat II) and Pakubuwono I, Puger (Pakubuwono I). Puger surrendered in 1681 and recognised his brother as the rightful sultan, but when the latter died in 1703, he disputed his brother's succ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dutch East India Company
The United East India Company ( nl, Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie, the VOC) was a chartered company established on the 20th March 1602 by the States General of the Netherlands amalgamating existing companies into the first joint-stock company in the world, granting it a 21-year monopoly to carry out trade activities in Asia. Shares in the company could be bought by any resident of the United Provinces and then subsequently bought and sold in open-air secondary markets (one of which became the Amsterdam Stock Exchange). It is sometimes considered to have been the first multinational corporation. It was a powerful company, possessing quasi-governmental powers, including the ability to wage war, imprison and execute convicts, negotiate treaties, strike its own coins, and establish colonies. They are also known for their international slave trade. Statistically, the VOC eclipsed all of its rivals in the Asia trade. Between 1602 and 1796 the VOC sent almost a million Eur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First Javanese War Of Succession
The First Javanese War of Succession was a struggle between Sultan Amangkurat III of Mataram and the Dutch East India Company who supported the claim of the Sultan's uncle, Pangeran Puger to the throne. Amangkurat II died in 1703 and was briefly succeeded by his son, Amangkurat III. The Dutch believed they had found a more reliable client in his uncle Pangeran Puger. Tensions increased when Amangkurat was accused of giving refuge to the rebel Surapati.Dictionary of Wars, p. 274 Pangeran Puger accused Amangkurat before the Dutch of planning an uprising in East Java. Unlike Pangeran Puger, Amangkurat III inherited blood connection with Surabayan ruler, Jangrana II, from Amangkurat II and this lent credibility to the allegation that he cooperated with the now powerful Untung Surapati in Pasuruan. Panembahan Cakraningrat II of Madura, VOC’s most trusted ally, persuaded the Dutch to support Pangeran Puger. Pangeran Puger took the title of Pakubuwana I upon his accession in Jun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Republic Of Indonesia
Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guinea. Indonesia is the world's largest archipelagic state and the 14th-largest country by area, at . With over 275 million people, Indonesia is the world's fourth-most populous country and the most populous Muslim-majority country. Java, the world's most populous island, is home to more than half of the country's population. Indonesia is a presidential republic with an elected legislature. It has 38 provinces, of which nine have special status. The country's capital, Jakarta, is the world's second-most populous urban area. Indonesia shares land borders with Papua New Guinea, East Timor, and the eastern part of Malaysia, as well as maritime borders with Singapore, Vietnam, Thailand, the Philippines, Australia, Palau, and India (Andaman and N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indonesian National Revolution
The Indonesian National Revolution, or the Indonesian War of Independence, was an armed conflict and diplomatic struggle between the Republic of Indonesia and the Dutch Empire and an internal social revolution during Aftermath of WWII, postwar and Dutch East Indies#World War II and independence, postcolonial Indonesia. It took place between Indonesian Declaration of Independence, Indonesia's declaration of independence in 1945 and the Netherlands' Dutch–Indonesian Round Table Conference, transfer of sovereignty over the Dutch East Indies to the Republic of the United States of Indonesia at the end of 1949. The four-year struggle involved sporadic but bloody armed conflict, internal Indonesian political and communal upheavals, and two major international diplomatic interventions. Dutch military forces (and, for a while, the forces of the World War II Allies, World War II allies) were able to control the major towns, cities and industrial assets in Republican heartlands on Ja ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hamengkubuwono I
Hamengkubuwono I ( Javanese script: ꦱꦸꦭ꧀ꦠꦤ꧀ꦲꦩꦼꦁꦏꦸꦧꦸꦮꦤꦆ, Bahasa Jawa: ''Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono I''), born Raden Mas Sujana (Kartasura, 16 August 1717Yogyakarta, 24 March 1792), was the first sultan of Yogyakarta. He reigned from 1755 to 1792. References Further reading * Ricklefs, M.C. (1974) ''Jogjakarta under Sultan Mangkubumi, 1749–1792: A History of the Division of Java''. London Oriental Series, vol. 30. London: Oxford University Press Oxford University Press (OUP) is the university press of the University of Oxford. It is the largest university press in the world, and its printing history dates back to the 1480s. Having been officially granted the legal right to print books ... (Revised Indonesian edition 2002). * Ricklefs MC. 2001. ''A History of Modern Indonesia: 3rd Edition''. Palgrave and Stanford University Press. * Purwadi. 2007. ''Sejarah Raja-Raja Jawa''. Yogyakarta: Media Ilmu. * Heryanto F. 2004. ''Mengenal Keraton ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Untung Surapati
Untung Suropati also Untung Surapati (1660 – December 5, 1706) was an Indonesia war fighter who led a few rebellions against the Dutch East India Company (VOC). Some of his exploits were written in Babad Tanah Jawi. Early life Surapati was born Surawiraaji, a Balinese. According to Buleleng sources he was the son of the general for kingdom of Swecalinggarsa-pura Gelgel. After some conflict, his father alongside loyal followers sought refuge in Marga Tabanan village. Surapati, at the time four years old, was separated from the entourage when crossing Ayung river. He was bought by VOC Captain van Beber in Bali market. Surapati then lived as a slave in Batavia, the headquarters of the VOC (now Jakarta). He was then sold to other VOC officials, until he was eventually bought by ''edeleer'' Moor, which gave him the nickname "Untung" ( lucky) because his career and fortune improved after acquiring him. He began a relationship with Moor's daughter Suzanne and had a son, Robert ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Third Javanese War Of Succession
The Third Javanese War of Succession was an armed conflict from 1749 to 1757 on the island of Java. It led to the partition of the Mataram Sultanate into two and later three nominally independent 'Princely States': Surakarta, Yogyakarta and Mangkunegara. Cause One of the causes of the war was Governor-General van Imhoff's humiliation of Prince Mangkubumi, who was Pakubuwana II of Surakarta's younger brother, by demanding the lease of the Javanese northern coast for an annual payment of 20,000 reales. Van Imhoff and Patih Pringgalaya then persuaded Pakubuwana II to cancel the grant of a fief in Sukawati (now Sragen) which had been promised to Mangkubumi as a reward for defeating Raden Mas Said's rebellion there in 1746. In response, Mangkubumi left Surakarta and rose up against the Dutch East India Company and Pakubuwana II and joined forces with his nephew and former enemy, Raden Mas Said. War and settlement In the midst of the Mangkubumi rebellion in 1749, Pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second Javanese War Of Succession
The Second Javanese War of Succession was a struggle between Sultan Amangkurat IV of Mataram supported by the Dutch East India Company (Dutch: ''Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie'', VOC) against the rebellion of rival Princes who contested his right for the throne.Dictionary of Wars, p. 274 In 1719, Pakubuwana I died and his son Amangkurat IV took the throne in 1719, but his brothers, Princes Blitar and Purbaya contested the succession. They attacked the palace in June 1719. When they were repulsed by the cannons in VOC’s fort, they retreated south to the land of Mataram. Their uncle, Prince Arya Mataram, ran to Japara and proclaim himself king, thus began the Second War of Succession. Before the year ended, Arya Mataram surrendered and was strangled in Japara by the Sultan's order and Blitar and Purbaya were dislodged from their stronghold in Mataram in November. In 1720, these two princes ran away to the still rebellious interior of East Java. The rebellious regents of Sura ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amangkurat III Of Mataram
Amangkurat III (Amangkurat Mas; died in Dutch Ceylon (now Sri Lanka), 1734) was a short-lived ''susuhunan'' (ruler) of the Sultanate of Mataram, who reigned 1703–1705. When his father Amangkurat II of Mataram died, he soon lost his half-uncle Prince Puger in the First Javanese War of Succession, which lasted on for five years until the Dutch managed to install Prince Puger as Pakubuwono I. Amangkurat was deposed, but not caught until 1707. He was subsequently exiled to Ceylon, where he later died. Origin Born as Raden Mas Sutikna, according to the ''Babad Tanah Jawi'', he was the only child of Amangkurat II, as his mother had used magic on another of Amangkurat II's wives to make them unable to conceive of child. Sutikna was also nicknamed Pangeran Kencet (Prince Heel), due to the deformity in his heel. It is said that Sutikna was bad-tempered, temperamental, and a jealous man, especially if he knew there was another more handsome man. When acting as ''adipati anom'' (crown p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mataram Sultanate
The Sultanate of Mataram () was the last major independent Javanese kingdom on the island of Java before it was colonised by the Dutch. It was the dominant political force radiating from the interior of Central Java from the late 16th century until the beginning of the 18th century. Mataram reached its peak of power during the reign of Sultan Agung Anyokrokusumo (), and began to decline after his death in 1645. By the mid-18th century, Mataram lost both power and territory to the Dutch East India Company (Dutch: ''Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie''; ''VOC''). It had become a vassal state of the company by 1749. Etymology The name ''Mataram'' itself was never the official name of any polity, as the Javanese often refer to their realm simply as ''Bhumi Jawa'' or ''Tanah Jawi'' ("Land of Java"). ''Mataram'' refers to the historical areas of plains south of Mount Merapi around present-day Muntilan, Sleman, Yogyakarta, and Prambanan. More precisely, it refers to the Kota Gede ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pakubuwono I
Pakubuwono I (also as Pakubuwana I, before his reign was known as Pangeran Puger), uncle of Amangkurat III of Mataram was a combatant for the succession of the Mataram dynasty, both as a co-belligerent during the Trunajaya rebellion (from 1677 to 1681), and during the First Javanese War of Succession (1703–1707). He created a new name to his line, with the title ''Pakubuwono'', the standard name for rulers of the subsequently created Surakarta. Most Javanese chronicles ( jv, babad) depicts him as a great wise ruler. He ruled from 1705 to 1719. His son succeeded him with the title Amangkurat IV. Origin Born as Raden Mas Darajat, he was the son of Amangkurat I, the last Mataram ruler based in Plered, from his second queen consort, Ratu Wetan. Ratu Wetan originated from Kajoran family, descended from Sultans of Pajang. RM. Darajat was once appointed as a crown prince ( jv, adipati anom) when a conflict between his father and Raden Mas Rahmat (later Amangkurat II of Mat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amangkurat II Of Mataram
Amangkurat II (also known as Rahmat; died 1703) was the ''susuhunan'' of the Sultanate of Mataram from 1677 to 1703. Prior to taking the throne, he was the crown prince and had the title Pangeran Adipati Anom. He was the first Javanese monarch to wear European-style uniform, thus gaining the nickname Sunan Amral, Amral rendering the meaning as "admiral" in Javanese. Background Born as Raden Mas Rahmat, he was the son of Amangkurat I of Mataram and Ratu Kulon, daughter of Pangeran Pekik of Surabaya. Amangkurat II had many wife, wives, but he only had one child, Sutikna (later Amangkurat III of Mataram, Amangkurat III). According to the ''Babad Tanah Jawi'', Sutikna's mother had used magic on another of Amangkurat II's wives to make them unable to conceive of child. Conflict within family Rahmat was raised in Surabaya. He then moved to the Plered Palace as ''adipati anom'' (crown prince). However, his relation with his brother, Prince Singasari, worsened. There was also news ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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