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James Madison-class Submarine
The ''James Madison'' class of submarine was an evolutionary development from the of fleet ballistic missile submarine. They were identical to the ''Lafayette''s except for being initially designed to carry the Polaris A-3 missile instead of the earlier A-2. This class, together with the , , , and classes, composed the " 41 for Freedom" that was the Navy's primary contribution to the nuclear deterrent force through the late 1980s. This class and the ''Benjamin Franklin'' class are combined with the ''Lafayette''s in some references. Design In the early 1970s all were modified for the Poseidon C-3 missile. During the late 1970s and early 1980s, six boats were further modified to carry the Trident I C-4 missile, along with six ''Benjamin Franklin''-class boats. These were ''James Madison'', ''Daniel Boone'', ''John C. Calhoun'', ''Von Steuben'', ''Casimir Pulaski'', and ''Stonewall Jackson''. Fate The ''James Madison''s were decommissioned between 1986 and 1995 due to a combin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Holy Loch
The Holy Loch ( gd, An Loch Sianta/Seunta) is a sea loch, a part of the Cowal peninsula coast of the Firth of Clyde, in Argyll and Bute, Scotland. The "Holy Loch" name is believed to date from the 6th century, when Saint Munn landed there after leaving Ireland. Kilmun Parish Church and Argyll Mausoleum is said to stand where Saint Munn's church was once located. Robertson's Yard at Sandbank, a village on the loch, was a major wooden boat building company in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. During World War II, the loch was used as a British Royal Navy submarine base. From 1961 to 1992, it was used as a United States Navy ballistic missile submarine base. In 1992, the Holy Loch base was deemed unnecessary following the demise of the Soviet Union and subsequently closed. Geography Open on the Firth of Clyde at its eastern end, the Sea Loch is approximately wide and between long, varying with the tide. The town of Dunoon on the Cowal peninsula lies on the shores of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
American 21-inch Torpedo
There have been a number of 21-inch torpedoes in service with the United States. These have been used on ships and submarines of the U.S. Navy. American 21-inch torpedoes are in diameter. Ship classes that carried 21-inch torpedoes include: * ''Allen M. Sumner''-class destroyers * ''Atlanta''-class cruisers * ''Bagley''-class destroyers * ''Balao''-class submarines * ''Barbel''-class submarines * ''Barracuda''-class submarines * ''Benham''-class destroyers * ''Benjamin Franklin''-class submarines * ''Benson''-class destroyers * ''Cachalot''-class submarines * ''Caldwell''-class destroyers * ''Cassin''-class destroyers * ''Chester''-class cruisers * ''Clemson''-class destroyers * ''Colorado''-class battleships * ''Connecticut''-class battleships * ''Dealey''-class destroyer escorts * ''Ethan Allen''-class submarines * ''Farragut''-class destroyers * ''Forrest Sherman''-class destroyers * ''Fletcher''-class destroyers * ''Gato''-class submarines * ''Gearing''-class destroyers * ''Ge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Submarine Classes
A submarine (or sub) is a watercraft capable of independent operation underwater. It differs from a submersible, which has more limited underwater capability. The term is also sometimes used historically or colloquially to refer to remotely operated vehicles and robots, as well as medium-sized or smaller vessels, such as the midget submarine and the wet sub. Submarines are referred to as ''boats'' rather than ''ships'' irrespective of their size. Although experimental submarines had been built earlier, submarine design took off during the 19th century, and they were adopted by several navies. They were first widely used during World War I (1914–1918), and are now used in many navies, large and small. Military uses include attacking enemy surface ships (merchant and military) or other submarines, and for aircraft carrier protection, blockade running, nuclear deterrence, reconnaissance, conventional land attack (for example, using a cruise missile), and covert insertion of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Submarine Classes Of The United States Navy
Submarines of the United States Navy are built in classes, using a single design for a number of boats. Minor variations occur as improvements are incorporated into the design, so later boats of a class may be more capable than earlier. Also, boats are modified, sometimes extensively, while in service, creating departures from the class standard. However, in general, all boats of a class are noticeably similar. Experimental use: an example is , which used an unprecedented hull design. In this list such single boat "classes" are marked with "(unique)". Pre–World War I World War I Interwar World War II Cold War Diesel-Electric Submarines (SSs, SSKs, and SSGs) Nuclear Attack Submarines (SSNs) Nuclear Cruise Missile Submarines (SSGNs) Nuclear Ballistic Missile Submarines (SSBNs) Deep-submergence vehicles (DSVs) Miscellaneous Submarines (SSTs, SSRs, AGSSs & SSRNs) Post–Cold War See also *Submarines in the United States Navy * List of submarines of the United S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Submarines Of The United States Navy
This is a list of submarines of the United States Navy, listed by hull number and by name. List See also * Submarines in the United States Navy * List of current ships of the United States Navy * List of lost United States submarines * List of most successful American submarines in World War II * Allied submarines in the Pacific War * List of pre-Holland submarines * List of submarine classes of the United States Navy ** List of ''Gato'' class submarines ** List of ''Sturgeon'' class submarines ** List of ''Balao'' class submarines ** List of ''Tench'' class submarines ** List of ''Los Angeles'' class submarines * List of submarines of World War II * List of US Navy ships sunk or damaged in action during World War II § Submarine (SS) * The NR-1 Deep Submergence Craft was a non-commissioned nuclear submarine operated by the United States Navy. * ''Turtle'', an American submarine of the American Revolutionary War * ''H. L. Hunley'', a human-powered submarine of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fleet Ballistic Missile
A submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM) is a ballistic missile capable of being launched from submarines. Modern variants usually deliver multiple independently targetable reentry vehicles (MIRVs), each of which carries a nuclear warhead and allows a single launched missile to strike several targets. Submarine-launched ballistic missiles operate in a different way from submarine-launched cruise missiles. Modern submarine-launched ballistic missiles are closely related to intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs), with ranges of over , and in many cases SLBMs and ICBMs may be part of the same family of weapons. History Origins The first practical design of a submarine-based launch platform was developed by the Germans near the end of World War II involving a launch tube which contained a V-2 ballistic missile variant and was towed behind a submarine, known by the code-name ''Prüfstand XII''. The war ended before it could be tested, but the engineers who had worked on i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ship-Submarine Recycling Program
The Ship-Submarine Recycling Program (SRP) is the process that the United States Navy uses to dispose of decommissioned nuclear vessels. SRP takes place only at the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard (PSNS) in Bremerton, Washington, but the preparations can begin elsewhere. Program overview Defueling and decommissioning Before SRP can begin, the vessel's nuclear fuel must be removed, and defueling usually coincides with decommissioning. Until the fuel is removed, the vessel is referred to as "USS ''Name''," but afterward, the "USS" prefix is dropped and it is referred to as "ex-''Name''." Reusable equipment is removed at the same time as the fuel. Spent fuel storage Spent nuclear fuel is shipped by rail to the Naval Reactor Facility in the Idaho National Laboratory (INL), located northwest of Idaho Falls, Idaho, where it is stored in special canisters. Hull salvage At PSNS, the SRP proper begins. The salvage workers cut the submarine into three or four pieces: the aft sect ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Newport News Shipbuilding
Newport News Shipbuilding (NNS), a division of Huntington Ingalls Industries, is the largest industrial employer in Virginia, and sole designer, builder and refueler of United States Navy aircraft carriers and one of two providers of U.S. Navy submarines. Founded as the Chesapeake Dry Dock and Construction Co. in 1886, Newport News Shipbuilding has built more than 800 ships, including both naval and commercial ships. Located in the city of Newport News, its facilities span more than , strategically positioned in one of the great harbors of the East Coast. The shipyard is a major employer, not only for the lower Virginia Peninsula, but also portions of Hampton Roads south of the James River and the harbor, portions of the Middle Peninsula region, and even some northeastern counties of North Carolina. The shipyard is building the s and . In 2013, Newport News Shipbuilding began the deactivation of the first nuclear-powered aircraft carrier, , which it also built. Newport Ne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Collapse Of The Soviet Union
The dissolution of the Soviet Union, also negatively connoted as rus, Разва́л Сове́тского Сою́за, r=Razvál Sovétskogo Soyúza, ''Ruining of the Soviet Union''. was the process of internal disintegration within the Soviet Union (USSR) which resulted in the end of the country's and its federal government's existence as a sovereign state, thereby resulting in its constituent republics gaining full sovereignty on 26 December 1991. It brought an end to General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev's (later also President) effort to reform the Soviet political and economic system in an attempt to stop a period of political stalemate and economic backslide. The Soviet Union had experienced internal stagnation and ethnic separatism. Although highly centralized until its final years, the country was made up of fifteen top-level republics that served as homelands for different ethnicities. By late 1991, amid a catastrophic political crisis, with several republics alre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SALT II
The Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT) were two rounds of bilateral conferences and corresponding international treaties involving the United States and the Soviet Union. The Cold War superpowers dealt with arms control in two rounds of talks and agreements: SALT I and SALT II. Negotiations commenced in Helsinki, in November 1969. SALT I led to the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty and an interim agreement between the two countries. Although SALT II resulted in an agreement in 1979 in Vienna, the US Senate chose not to ratify the treaty in response to the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, which took place later that year. The Supreme Soviet did not ratify it either. The agreement expired on December 31, 1985, and was not renewed, although both sides continued to respect it. The talks led to the STARTs, or ''St''rategic ''A''rms ''R''eduction ''T''reaties, which consisted of START I, a 1991 completed agreement between the United States and the Soviet Union, and START II, a 1993 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
41 For Freedom
41 for Freedom refers to the US Navy Fleet Ballistic Missile (FBM) submarines from the , , , , and es. All of these submarines were commissioned 1959–1967, as the goal was to create a credible, survivable sea-based deterrent as quickly as possible. These submarines were nicknamed "41 for Freedom" once the goal of 41 nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarines (SSBNs) was established in the early 1960s. The 1972 SALT I Treaty limited the number of American submarine-launched ballistic missile tubes to 656, based on the total missile tubes of the forty-one submarines, in line with the treaty's goal of limiting strategic nuclear weapons to the number already existing. Overview The "41 for Freedom" nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarines (SSBNs) were armed with submarine-launched ballistic missiles (SLBMs) to create a deterrent force against the threat of nuclear war with any foreign power threatening the United States during the Cold War. The United States had de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polaris A-3 Missile
The UGM-27 Polaris missile was a two-stage solid-fueled nuclear-armed submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM). As the United States Navy's first SLBM, it served from 1961 to 1980. In the mid-1950s the Navy was involved in the Jupiter missile project with the U.S. Army, and had influenced the design by making it squat so it would fit in submarines. However, they had concerns about the use of liquid fuel rockets on board ships, and some consideration was given to a solid fuel version, Jupiter S. In 1956, during an anti-submarine study known as Project Nobska, Edward Teller suggested that very small hydrogen bomb warheads were possible. A crash program to develop a missile suitable for carrying such warheads began as Polaris, launching its first shot less than four years later, in February 1960. As the Polaris missile was fired underwater from a moving platform, it was essentially invulnerable to counterattack. This led the Navy to suggest, starting around 1959, that they be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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