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József Fischer
József Fischer (15 December 1887 – 1952) was a Hungarian and Romanian lawyer and politician of Jewish ethnicity. He was a prominent leader of the Jewish National Party in interwar Romania. In this capacity, he was a member of the Assembly of Deputies from 1928 to 1933. He served as head of the Judenrat in Kolozsvár Ghetto during the Holocaust. Early life József Fischer was born into a wealthy Orthodox Jewish family in Tiszaújhely, Austria-Hungary (present-day Nove Selo, Ukraine) on 15 December 1887. According to one account, one of his brothers was Tivadar Fischer, co-founder of the Jewish Party. Allegedly they were sons of a rabbi from Alba Iulia, stranded in Romania upon the end of World War I. Historian Attila Gidó writes that they were unrelated by blood, but united by their common defense of Orthodox Judaism; initially, József Fischer had been a critic of Zionism, before being drawn into it by other Transylvanian activists, to become "one of Transylvanian Zionism's m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Michel Landau
Michel may refer to: * Michel (name), a given name or surname of French origin (and list of people with the name) * Míchel (nickname), a nickname (a list of people with the nickname, mainly Spanish footballers) * Míchel (footballer, born 1963), Spanish former footballer and manager * ''Michel'' (TV series), a Korean animated series * German auxiliary cruiser ''Michel'' * Michel catalog, a German-language stamp catalog * St. Michael's Church, Hamburg or Michel * S:t Michel, a Finnish town in Southern Savonia, Finland People * Alain Michel (other), several people * Ambroise Michel (born 1982), French actor, director and writer. * André Michel (director), French film director and screenwriter * André Michel (lawyer), human rights and anti-corruption lawyer and opposition leader in Haiti * Anette Michel (born 1971), Mexican actress * Anneliese Michel (1952 - 1976), German Catholic woman undergone exorcism * Annett Wagner-Michel (born 1955), German Woman International ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vilmos Vázsonyi
Vilmos Vázsonyi (born as Vilmos Weiszfeld; 1868–1926) was a Hungarian publicist and politician of Jewish heritage. Vázsonyi was born at Sümeg. He was educated at Budapest, where his remarkable eloquence made him the leader of all student movements during his university career. After he had completed his studies, the most vital social questions found in him an earnest investigator. He aroused a national sentiment against dueling, his success being proved by the numerous anti-dueling clubs in Hungary. Later, he began a social and journalistic agitation on behalf of the official recognition of the Jewish religion, and kept the matter before the public until the law granting recognition was sanctioned in 1895. In 1894, Vázsonyi founded the first democratic club in Budapest, and became a common councilor. In 1900, he established the political weekly "Új Század" ("The New Century") for the dissemination of democratic ideas throughout the country. At the same time, he organi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1928 Romanian General Election
General elections were held in Romania in December 1928. Immediately after acceding to power, the National Peasants' Party (NPP) prepared the next elections. The lists were filed before the local Courts before 26 November, while voting took place for the Chamber on 12 December, the Universal College of the Senate on 15 December, the local/county councils (Senate) on 17 December, and the Chamber of Industries and Commerce (Senate) on 19 December. The elections were strongly contested by the National Liberal Party (NLP). The liberal papers ran articles like "Organised gangs led by those that are supposed to 'organise' the elections, attack people both in towns as in the country, without any fear of authority, on the contrary...". On the other hand, the NPP press claimed that "Such elections have not yet been organised in our country. For the first time ever we can see with our own eyes truly ''free elections''. Not a single quarrel, not a single pressure, not a single involvement of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Peasants' Party
The National Peasants' Party (also known as the National Peasant Party or National Farmers' Party; ro, Partidul Național Țărănesc, or ''Partidul Național-Țărănist'', PNȚ) was an agrarian political party in the Kingdom of Romania. It was formed in 1926 through the fusion of the Romanian National Party (PNR), a conservative-regionalist group centred on Transylvania, and the Peasants' Party (PȚ), which had coalesced the left-leaning agrarian movement in the Old Kingdom and Bessarabia. The definitive PNR–PȚ merger came after a decade-long rapprochement, producing a credible contender to the dominant National Liberal Party (PNL). National Peasantists agreed on the concept of a "peasant state", which defended smallholding against state capitalism or state socialism, proposing voluntary cooperative farming as the basis for economic policy. Peasants were seen as the first defence of Romanian nationalism and of the country's monarchic regime, sometimes within a system of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of Hungary
The Kingdom of Hungary was a monarchy in Central Europe that existed for nearly a millennium, from the Middle Ages into the 20th century. The Principality of Hungary emerged as a Christian kingdom upon the coronation of the first king Stephen I at Esztergom around the year 1000;Kristó Gyula – Barta János – Gergely Jenő: Magyarország története előidőktől 2000-ig (History of Hungary from the prehistory to 2000), Pannonica Kiadó, Budapest, 2002, , p. 687, pp. 37, pp. 113 ("Magyarország a 12. század második felére jelentős európai tényezővé, középhatalommá vált."/"By the 12th century Hungary became an important European factor, became a middle power.", "A Nyugat részévé vált Magyarország.../Hungary became part of the West"), pp. 616–644 his family (the Árpád dynasty) led the monarchy for 300 years. By the 12th century, the kingdom became a European middle power within the Western world. Due to the Ottoman occupation of the central and south ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Randolph L
Randolph may refer to: Places In the United States * Randolph, Alabama, an unincorporated community * Randolph, Arizona, a populated place * Randolph, California, a village merged into the city of Brea * Randolph, Illinois, an unincorporated community * Randolph, Indiana, an unincorporated community * Randolph, Iowa, a city * Randolph, Kansas, a city * Randolph, Maine, a town and a census-designated place * Randolph, Massachusetts, a city * Randolph, Minnesota, a city * Randolph, Mississippi, an unincorporated community * Randolph, Missouri, a city * Randolph, Nebraska, a city * Randolph, New Hampshire, a town * Randolph, New Jersey, a township * Randolph, New York, a town ** Randolph (CDP), New York * Randolph, Oregon, an unincorporated community * Randolph, Pennsylvania, an unincorporated community * Randolph, South Dakota, an unincorporated community * Randolph, Tennessee, an unincorporated community * Randolph, Texas, an unincorporated community * Randolph, Utah, a town * Ran ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communitarianism
Communitarianism is a philosophy that emphasizes the connection between the individual and the community. Its overriding philosophy is based upon the belief that a person's social identity and personality are largely molded by community relationships, with a smaller degree of development being placed on individualism. Although the community might be a family, communitarianism usually is understood, in the wider, philosophical sense, as a collection of interactions, among a community of people in a given place (geographical location), or among a community who share an interest or who share a history. Communitarianism usually opposes extreme individualism and rejects extreme ''laissez-faire'' policies that deprioritize the stability of the overall community. Terminology The philosophy of communitarianism originated in the 20th century, but the term "communitarian" was coined in 1841, by John Goodwyn Barmby, a leader of the British Chartist movement, who used it in referring t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adolphe Stern
Adolphe Stern (November 17, 1848 – October 18, 1931) was a Jewish-Romanian lawyer and politician. Life Stern was born on November 17, 1848 in Bucharest, Romania. The son of a jeweler, Stern went to study law in Berlin after finishing high school in Bucharest. He then received his law degree from the Leipzig University in 1869, making him Romania's first Jewish lawyer. He then returned to Romania and became secretary to the American Consul to Romania, Benjamin F. Peixotto. With Peixotto's encouragement, he and his brother Leopold published the ''Rumänische Post'', a newspaper that focused on issues relevant to the Romanian Jewish community. He also contributed to Jewish and secular Romanian publications, including ''Adevărul literar și artistic'' (The Artistic and Literary Truth) and the German-language review ''Bukarester Salon''. He published translations of 19th-century Romanian writers in the latter publication, and his work in translating Schiller, Goethe, Heine, D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neolog Judaism
Neologs ( hu, neológ irányzat, "Neolog faction") are one of the two large communal organizations among Hungarian Jews, Hungarian Jewry. Socially, the liberal and modernist Neologs had been more inclined toward integration into Hungarian society since the Jewish emancipation, Era of Emancipation in the 19th century. This was their main feature, and they were largely the representative body of urban, assimilated middle- and upper-class Jews. Religiously, the Neolog rabbinate was influenced primarily by Zecharias Frankel's Positive-Historical School, from which Conservative Judaism evolved as well, although the formal rabbinical leadership had little sway over the largely assimilationist communal establishment and congregants. Their rift with the traditionalist and conservative Orthodox Judaism, Orthodox Jews was Schism in Hungarian Jewry, institutionalized following the 1868–1869 Hungarian Jewish Congress, and they became a ''de facto'' separate Jewish denominations, denomination ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Új Kelet
''Új Kelet'' ( Hungarian translation: "New East") is a Hungarian-language Zionist Jewish newspaper published first in Kolozsvár (Cluj) in Transylvania, Romania, and reestablished after a 10-year break in Tel Aviv, Israel in 1948. Under the initiative of Chaim Weiszburg, a leader of the Zionist movement, ''Uj Kelet'' was launched as a weekly on December 19, 1918. It became a daily in 1920. The first editor was Béla Székely, who was succeeded in 1919 by Ernő Marton. From 1927 until the end of its Transylvanian period, the editor was Ferenc Jámbor. After the Hungarian annexation of Cluj in 1940, the Horthy regime banned the paper because of its strong Zionist leanings. Márton emigrated to Palestine (Eretz Israel) after World War II, and in 1948, the paper reemerged under his editorship with David Schon in Tel Aviv. Among the writers at the newspaper after its reestablishment in Israel were Alexander Sauber, Rudolf Kastner, Yossef Lapid, Ephraim Kishon, , Elemer Diamant ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of Romania
The Kingdom of Romania ( ro, Regatul României) was a constitutional monarchy that existed in Romania from 13 March ( O.S.) / 25 March 1881 with the crowning of prince Karl of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen as King Carol I (thus beginning the Romanian royal family), until 1947 with the abdication of King Michael I of Romania and the Romanian parliament's proclamation of the Romanian People's Republic. From 1859 to 1877, Romania evolved from a personal union of two vassal principalities (Moldavia and Wallachia) under a single prince to an autonomous principality with a Hohenzollern monarchy. The country gained its independence from the Ottoman Empire during the 1877–1878 Russo-Turkish War (known locally as the Romanian War of Independence), when it also received Northern Dobruja in exchange for the southern part of Bessarabia. The kingdom's territory during the reign of King Carol I, between 13 ( O.S.) / 25 March 1881 and 27 September ( O.S.) / 10 October 1914 is sometimes referred ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dissolution Of Austria-Hungary
The dissolution of Austria-Hungary was a major geopolitical event that occurred as a result of the growth of internal social contradictions and the separation of different parts of Austria-Hungary. The reason for the collapse of the state was World War I, the 1918 crop failure and the economic crisis. The 1917 October Revolution and the Wilsonian peace Fourteen Points, pronouncements from January 1918 onward encouraged socialism on the one hand, and nationalism on the other, or alternatively a combination of both tendencies, among all Ethnic and religious composition of Austria-Hungary, peoples of the Habsburg monarchy. The remaining territories inhabited by divided peoples fell into the composition of existing or newly formed states. Legally, the collapse of the empire was formalized in the September 1919 Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1919), Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye with Austria, which also acted as a peace treaty after the First World War, and in the June 1920 Treaty of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
