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July 2001 Belfast Riots
On 12 July 2001, major rioting and civil disorder broke out in Ardoyne, north Belfast, Northern Ireland. In some of the worst rioting in years, 113 police officers were injured in clashes which followed a July 12 parade. Police were attacked when trying clear the path for about 100 Orangemen returning from the parade to go through the Catholic Ardoyne area. In the seven-hour riot which involved about 250 nationalist youth, two blast bombs and 263 petrol bombs were exploded, while a dozen vehicles were hijacked and 48 plastic bullets were shot by the police. Riot police also used water cannons. There were also incidents in east Belfast, Derry and Ballycastle, but the clashes in Ardoyne were by far the most serious. It came just weeks after loyalist rioting in the area during the Holy Cross dispute. Aftermath The Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) said that the Provisional Irish Republican Army orchestrated the riots - a claim denied by Sinn Féin, who believe the RUC's heavy respon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ardoyne
Ardoyne () is a working class and mainly Catholic and Irish republican district in north Belfast, Northern Ireland. It gained notoriety due to the large number of incidents during The Troubles. Foundation The village of Ardoyne was founded in 1815 when businessman Michael Andrews moved his Damask factory from Little York Street. In addition to the factory he built a large house for himself and thirty houses for employees to live in. More mills were built around the growing village and by 1850 there were three additional mills in the area, providing jobs and houses for a growing population. The house in which Andrews lived in is no longer there. It is now the site of the Crumlin Star Social Club, located in Balholme Drive at the top of Ardoyne. The Troubles Crumlin Road Ardoyne is bordered on the west by the Crumlin Road, an area which has for the most part a majority Protestant population and forms an interface area. For many years, on the Twelfth and during the rest of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Northern Ireland Human Rights Commission
The Northern Ireland Human Rights Commission (NIHRC) is a non-departmental public body funded through the Northern Ireland Office but operating independently of government as the national human rights institution (NHRI) for Northern Ireland. It came into existence on 1 March 1999, having been created by the Parliament of the United Kingdom through section 68 of the Northern Ireland Act 1998, in compliance with a commitment made by the UK Government in the Belfast (Good Friday) Agreement of 10 April 1998. Its powers were amended by the Justice and Security (Northern Ireland) Act 2007. Functions The Commission's role is to promote awareness of the importance of human rights in Northern Ireland, to review existing law and practice and to advise the Secretary of State for Northern Ireland and the Executive Committee of the Northern Ireland Assembly on what legislative or other measures ought to be taken to protect human rights in Northern Ireland. In addition, the Commission is able t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2001 In Northern Ireland
Events during the year 2001 in Northern Ireland. Incumbents * First Minister and deputy First Minister of Northern Ireland, First Minister - David Trimble **Acting First Minister - Reg Empey (1 July - 6 November) * First Minister and deputy First Minister of Northern Ireland, deputy First Minister - Seamus Mallon (until 6 November), Mark Durkan (from 6 November) * Secretary of State for Northern Ireland, Secretary of State - Peter Mandelson Events *29 April – United Kingdom Census 2001, 2001 United Kingdom Census carried out. Northern Ireland's population is 1,685,267. *3 – 10 June – The Men's 2001 World Amateur Boxing Championships were held in Belfast, with almost 400 boxers from 67 countries taking part in the Odyssey Arena event. *12 July – July 2001 Belfast riots. *15 June – Dispute arises between local Ulster loyalism, loyalist and Irish republicanism, republican activists on the Crumlin Road Peace lines, peace line in North Belfast over the flying of loyalist param ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Belfast
Belfast is the capital of Northern Ireland, and throughout its modern history has been a major commercial and industrial centre. In the late 20th century manufacturing industries that had existed for several centuries declined, particularly shipbuilding. The city's history has occasionally seen conflict between different political factions who favour different political arrangements between Ireland and Great Britain. Since the Good Friday Agreement, the city has been relatively peaceful and major redevelopment has occurred, especially in the inner city and dock areas. Early History The Belfast area has been occupied since at least the Neolithic period. It is believed that nomadic tribes crossed over the frozen sea from present-day Scotland to eastern Ulster during the Ice age, Ice Age. These early nomads were either supplanted or assimilated by the influx of a new group, the Gaels. The first permanent settlements were built in the Iron Age. The Giant's Ring, a 5,000-year-old he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
July 2001 Events In The United Kingdom
July is the seventh month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars and is the fourth of seven months to have a length of 31 days. It was named by the Roman Senate in honour of Roman general Julius Caesar in 44 B.C., it being the month of his birth. Before then it was called Quintilis, being the fifth month of the calendar that started with March. It is on average the warmest month in most of the Northern Hemisphere, where it is the second month of summer, and the coldest month in much of the Southern Hemisphere, where it is the second month of winter. The second half of the year commences in July. In the Southern Hemisphere, July is the seasonal equivalent of January in the Northern hemisphere. "Dog days" are considered to begin in early July in the Northern Hemisphere, when the hot sultry weather of summer usually starts. Spring lambs born in late winter or early spring are usually sold before 1 July. July symbols *July's birthstone is the ruby, which symbolize ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2000s In Northern Ireland
S, or s, is the nineteenth letter in the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is ''ess'' (pronounced ), plural ''esses''. History Origin Northwest Semitic šîn represented a voiceless postalveolar fricative (as in 'ip'). It originated most likely as a pictogram of a tooth () and represented the phoneme via the acrophonic principle. Ancient Greek did not have a phoneme, so the derived Greek letter sigma () came to represent the voiceless alveolar sibilant . While the letter shape Σ continues Phoenician ''šîn'', its name ''sigma'' is taken from the letter ''samekh'', while the shape and position of ''samekh'' but name of ''šîn'' is continued in the '' xi''. Within Greek, the name of ''sigma'' was influenced by its association with the Greek word (earlier ) "to hiss". The original name of the letter "sigma" may have been ''san'', but due to the complica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Riots And Civil Disorder In Northern Ireland
A riot is a form of civil disorder commonly characterized by a group lashing out in a violent public disturbance against authority, property, or people. Riots typically involve destruction of property, public or private. The property targeted varies depending on the riot and the inclinations of those involved. Targets can include shops, cars, restaurants, state-owned institutions, and religious buildings. Riots often occur in reaction to a grievance or out of dissent. Historically, riots have occurred due to poverty, unemployment, poor living conditions, governmental oppression, taxation or conscription, conflicts between ethnic groups ( race riot) or religions (sectarian violence, pogrom), the outcome of a sporting event (sports riot, football hooliganism) or frustration with legal channels through which to air grievances. While individuals may attempt to lead or control a riot, riots typically consist of disorganized groups that are frequently "chaotic and exhibit herd ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2002 Short Strand Clashes
The 2002 Short Strand clashes, also known as the siege of Short Strand, was a series of major sectarian violence and gun battles in and around the Short Strand area of east Belfast – a mainly Irish/Catholic enclave surrounded by Protestant communities. Although violence had occurred many times throughout 2002, this article deals with the worst episode in June. Clashes The violence started as loyalists were celebrating the Golden Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II on the streets around Newtownards Road. On Friday 31 May 2002, Protestants were accused of draping unionist red-white-blue buntings on the rails of St Matthew's church in Short Strand. That evening a blast bomb was thrown at a police Land Rover car, injuring nine officers. Soldiers from three British Army regiments were called in to support the Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI). On Sunday 2 June, fire bombs were thrown as police, before three Protestants were injured in Cluan Place, a Protestant enclave separated f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2001 South Armagh Attacks
The 2001 South Armagh attacks were attacks on two watchtowers and a police station in South Armagh, Northern Ireland. History On 9 December 2001, a group of 100 Irish republicans attacked two watchtowers and a police station in South Armagh, Northern Ireland. The mob first attacked the Creevekeeran watchtower with petrol bombs, iron bars and bottles. The crowd then attacked nearby Drummackavall watchtower in a similar assault before moving to the Crossmaglen police station, where they breached the entrance and fired missiles and petrol bombs at security forces. Twenty-one Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) officers, three British Army soldiers and three police dogs were injured. The riots followed a protest by members of Sinn Féin's youth wing dissatisfied with the slow process of demilitarisation promised by the British government, a key demand of Sinn Féin in the Northern Ireland peace process. Aftermath The injured forces were airlifted to hospitals, one of whom s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Drumcree Conflict
The Drumcree conflict or Drumcree standoff is a dispute over yearly parades in the town of Portadown, Northern Ireland. The town is mainly Protestant and hosts numerous Protestant/loyalist marches each summer, but has a significant Catholic minority. The Orange Order (a Protestant, unionist organization) insists that it should be allowed to march its traditional route to and from Drumcree Church on the Sunday before the Twelfth of July. However, most of this route is through the mainly Catholic/Irish nationalist part of town. The residents, who see the march as sectarian, triumphalist and supremacist, have sought to ban it from their area. The Orangemen see this as an attack on their traditions; they had marched the route since 1807, when the area was mostly farmland. There has been intermittent violence over the march since the 1800s. The outbreak of the Troubles led to the dispute intensifying in the 1970s and 1980s. At this time, the most contentious part of the route was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1997 Northern Ireland Riots
From 6 to 11 July 1997 there were mass protests, fierce riots and gun battles in Irish nationalist districts of Northern Ireland. Irish nationalists/ republicans, in some cases supported by the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA), attacked the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) and British Army. The protests and violence were sparked by the decision to allow the Orange Order (a Protestant, unionist organization) to march through a Catholic/nationalist neighbourhood of Portadown. Irish nationalists were outraged by the decision and by the RUC's aggressive treatment of those protesting against the march. There had been a bitter dispute over the march for many years. It was the last spell of widespread violence in Northern Ireland before the signing of the Good Friday Agreement in April 1998. The security forces were attacked hundreds of times by rioters throwing stones and petrol bombs, and by IRA members with automatic rifles and grenades. They fired more than 2,500 plastic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
November 2001 Belfast Riots
Large civil disorder broke out in north Belfast, Northern Ireland on Sunday 11 November 2001. The trouble started when republicans clashed with loyalists during a Remembrance Day service. Up to 400 Protestants and Catholics were involved in rioting in the afternoon on North Queen Street. A 16-year-old Protestant teenager, Glen Hugh Branagh from Duncairn Gardens, was killed when a pipe bomb in his hand exploded prematurely. The Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) believe that the bomb was intended at the riot police. Loyalists claimed it was thrown by republicans and he was merely throwing it away, a claim denied by Sinn Féin's Gerry Adams and the PSNI. A teenager and a man caught in the blast were also wounded. It later turned out that Branagh was a member of the Ulster Young Militants, the youth wing of the loyalist Ulster Defence Association (UDA) paramilitary group. The UDA's ceasefire was considered "over" in October following other violent riots or shootings orchestrate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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