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Juan Pío Montúfar
Juan Pío de Montúfar y Larrea (Quito,29 May 1758 - Alcalá de Guadaira, Spain, 3 October 1818), II Marquis de Selva Alegre, was a statesman and political figure during the struggle for independence from Spain in Latin America. Biography He was the son of Spaniard Juan Pío de Montúfar y Frasso, first Marquis of Selva Alegre and President of the Royal Audiencia of Quito from 1753 to 1761. He married Teresa Larrea y Villavicencio and had 6 children including Carlos Montúfar and Rosa de Montúfar. He became inspired by the ideas of Enlightenment and a friend of Eugenio Espejo, Antonio Nariño, Francisco José de Caldas, and Manuela Cañizares. On 10 August 1809, a group of Criollo Revolutionary intellectuals in the city of Quito deposed the Spanish ruler Manuel Ruiz Urriés de Castilla, and formed a provisional Junta, of which he became president. This event is known in Ecuador and other countries in the region as the ''First Cry of Hispanic American Independence'', becau ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manuel Ruiz Urriés De Castilla
Manuel Ruiz Urriés de Castilla, I Count of Ruiz de Castilla ( Ortilla (Spain), 23 November 1734 – Quito (Ecuador), June 1812), was a brigadier of the Royal Army of Spain and a public official of the Spain crown in South America. He held the positions of Mayor of the Mines of Huancavelica, Governor General of Cuzco, and President of the Real Audiencia of Cusco (1793–1806) and of the Real Audiencia of Quito (1807–1812). Biography Born in Spain, he moved to the Viceroyalty of Peru, where he was mayor of Paruro and colonel of militias, during the Rebellion of Túpac Amaru II. He distinguished himself in 1781, commanding one of the columns that attacked the rebels in Tungasuca, receiving the rank of Army colonel on 15 October 1783. In 1787, he became military governor of Cuzco, in 1790 governor of the Huancavelica mines, where he remained four years, and on 28 July 1793 President of the Real Audiencia of Cusco. He occupied that government until September 1806, when he ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
19th-century Spanish Nobility
The 19th century began on 1 January 1801 (represented by the Roman numerals MDCCCI), and ended on 31 December 1900 (MCM). It was the 9th century of the 2nd millennium. It was characterized by vast social upheaval. Slavery was Abolitionism, abolished in much of Europe and the Americas. The First Industrial Revolution, though it began in the late 18th century, expanded beyond its British homeland for the first time during the 19th century, particularly remaking the economies and societies of the Low Countries, France, the Rhineland, Northern Italy, and the Northeastern United States. A few decades later, the Second Industrial Revolution led to ever more massive urbanization and much higher levels of productivity, profit, and prosperity, a pattern that continued into the 20th century. The Catholic Church, in response to the growing influence and power of modernism, secularism and materialism, formed the First Vatican Council in the late 19th century to deal with such problems an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1818 Deaths
Events January–March * January 1 ** Battle of Koregaon: Troops of the British East India Company score a decisive victory over the Maratha Confederacy, Maratha Empire. ** English author Mary Shelley publishes the novel ''Frankenstein'' anonymously. * January 3 (21:52 UTC) – Venus Occultation, occults Jupiter. It is the last occultation of one planet by another before November 22, 2065. * January 6 – The Treaty of Mandeswar brings an end to the Third Anglo-Maratha War, ending the dominance of Marathas, and enhancing the power of the British East India Company, which controls territory occupied by 180 million Demographics of India, Indians. * January 12 – The Dandy horse (''Laufmaschine'' bicycle) is patented by Karl Drais in Mannheim. * February 3 – Jeremiah Chubb is granted a British patent for the Chubb detector lock. * February 4 – Writer Walter Scott finds the Honours of Scotland in Edinburgh Castle. * February 5 – Upon his death, King Charles XIII ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1758 Births
Events January–March * January 1 – Swedish biologist Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linné) publishes in Stockholm the first volume (''Animalia'') of the 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'', the starting point of modern zoological nomenclature, introducing binomial nomenclature for animals to his established system of Linnaean taxonomy. Among the first examples of his system of identifying an organism by genus and then species, Linnaeus identifies the lamprey with the name ''Petromyzon marinus''. He introduces the term ''Homo sapiens''. (Date of January 1 assigned retrospectively.) * January 20 – At Cap-Haïtien in Haiti, former slave turned rebel François Mackandal is executed by the French colonial government by being burned at the stake. * January 22 – Russian troops under the command of William Fermor invade East Prussia and capture Königsberg with 34,000 soldiers; although the city is later abandoned by Russia after the Seven Years' War ends ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cádiz
Cádiz ( , , ) is a city in Spain and the capital of the Province of Cádiz in the Autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of Andalusia. It is located in the southwest of the Iberian Peninsula off the Atlantic Ocean separated from neighbouring San Fernando, Cádiz, San Fernando by a narrow isthmus. Cádiz, one of the List of oldest continuously inhabited cities, oldest continuously inhabited cities in Western Europe, was founded by the Phoenicians as a trading post.Strabo, ''Geographica'' 3.5.5 In the 18th century, the Port in the Bay of Cádiz consolidated as the main harbour of mainland Spain, enjoying the virtual monopoly of trade with the Americas until 1778. It is also the site of the University of Cádiz. Situated on a narrow slice of land surrounded by the sea‚ Cádiz is, in most respects, a typical Andalusian city with well-preserved historical landmarks. The older part of Cádiz, within the remnants of the defensive wall, city walls, is commonly refer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Loja, Ecuador
Loja (), formerly Loxa and fully City of the Immaculate Conception of Loja (), is the capital of Ecuador's Loja Province. It is located in the Cuxibamba valley in the south of the country, sharing borders with the provinces of Zamora-Chinchipe and other cantons of the province of Loja. Loja holds a rich tradition in the arts, and for this reason is known as the Music and Cultural Capital of Ecuador. The city is home to two major universities. The city has a population of about 203,000, and is situated 2060 m (6758 ft) above sea level. It has a mild Andean climate, ranging between 16 and 30 °C. The Pan-American Highway runs past Loja. History The city of Loja was colonized by Field Marshal Alonso de Mercadillo in 1548, and it is named for his hometown of Loja in Spain. Originally located near La Toma in the Catamayo canyon since 1546, the city was relocated to its present location (about 35 km east) after a devastating earthquake and problems with Malari ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toribio Montes
Toribio Montes y Pérez (baptised 7 May 1749. Isabel Sánchez, José Luis"Toribio Montes y Pérez". ''Diccionario Biográfico electrónico'' (''DB~e'').Real Academia de la Historia. Retrieved 6 July 2023. – 31 December 1830) was a soldier and Spanish colonial governor. He governed Puerto Rico between 1804 and 1809 and presided over the Royal Audience of Quito from 1811 to 1817. Early years Toribio Montes was born in the Cantabrian village of San Mamés, into a military family of rural ''hidalgos''. His father, Pedro Montes-Caloca, was a lieutenant councilor and trustee for the entire Polaciones valley. Career In 1766, he joined the Prince's Infantry Regiment as a captain. He spent over four years garrisoned at Oran, where he was wounded at the Invasion of Algiers of 1775. He then transferred to the America Regiment, with which he participated in the siege of Gibraltar in 1779 and in the reconquest of Menorca. In 1792 he was promoted to lieutenant colonel and returned ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
José Fernando De Abascal Y Sousa
José Fernando de Abascal y Sousa, 1st Marquess of Concordia, KOS (), (sometimes spelled ''Souza'') (June 3, 1743 in Oviedo, Asturias, Spain – June 30, 1821 in Madrid) was a Spanish military officer and colonial administrator in America. From August 20, 1806, to July 7, 1816, he was viceroy of Peru, during the Spanish American wars of independence. Background Abascal was born into a noble family. At the age of 19 he entered the army. After serving for 20 years he was promoted to colonel, and later in the war against France, to brigadier. In 1796 he took part in the defense of Havana against the British. Three years later he was named commanding general and intendant of Nueva Galicia (western Mexico). He took up that office in 1800. In 1804 he was named viceroy of Río de la Plata in Buenos Aires. He never took possession of the office, because in the same year (1804) he was named viceroy of Peru. As viceroy of Peru He was unable to occupy the position of viceroy in Lima un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quito Revolution (1809-1812)
Quito (; ), officially San Francisco de Quito, is the capital city, capital and second-largest city of Ecuador, with an estimated population of 2.8 million in its metropolitan area. It is also the capital of the province of Pichincha Province, Pichincha. Quito is in a valley on the eastern slopes of Pichincha (volcano), Pichincha, an active stratovolcano in the Andes. Quito's elevation of makes it either the List of capital cities by altitude, highest or the second highest national capital city in the world. This varied standing is because Bolivia is a List of countries with multiple capitals, country with multiple capitals; if La Paz is considered the Bolivian national capital, it tops the list of highest capitals, but if Sucre is specified as the capital, then it is the second highest, behind Quito. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
