|
Joukowsky Karman Vortex Street Video
Nikolay Yegorovich Zhukovsky ( rus, Никола́й Его́рович Жуко́вский, p=ʐʊˈkofskʲɪj; – 17 March 1921) was a Russian scientist, mathematician and engineer, and a founding father of modern aero- and hydrodynamics. Whereas contemporary scientists scoffed at the idea of human flight, Zhukovsky was the first to undertake the study of airflow. He is often called the ''Father of Russian Aviation''. The Joukowsky transform is named after him, while the fundamental aerodynamical theorem, the Kutta–Joukowski theorem, is named after both him and German mathematician Martin Kutta. Life Zhukovsky was born in the village of Orekhovo, Vladimir Governorate, Russian Empire. In 1868 he graduated from Moscow University where he studied under August Davidov. From 1872 he was a professor at the Imperial Technical School. In 1904, he established the world's first Aerodynamic Institute in Kachino near Moscow. He was influenced by both Ernst Mach and his son Ludwig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vladimir Governorate
Vladimir Governorate () was an administrative-territorial unit ('' guberniya'') of the Russian Empire, the Russian Republic and the Russian SFSR, which existed in 1796–1929. History Until 1719 – Vladimirsky Uyezd of the Zamoskovny Krai within the Tsardom of Russia. In 1719, the Vladimir Province was formed as part of Moscow Governorate. In 1778, an independent Vladimir Viceroyalty was formed, divided into 14 uyezds. In 1796, the viceroyalty was transformed into a governorate. From 1881 to 1917, Vladimir Governorate consisted of 13 uyezds and didn't change its borders. By the Decree of the Presidium of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee “On the formation on the territory of the Russian SFSR of administrative-territorial associations of krai and oblast significance” of 14 January 1929, from 1 October 1929, Vladimir Governorate (within borders significantly smaller than Vladimir Governorate of the Russian Empire) was abolished. The Ivanovo Industrial Oblast was f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order Of Saint Anna
The Imperial Order of Saint Anna (; also "Order of Saint Anne" or "Order of Saint Ann") was a Holstein ducal and then Russian imperial order of chivalry. It was established by Karl Friedrich, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp, on 14 February 1735, in honour of his wife Anna Petrovna, daughter of Peter the Great of Russia. Originally, the Order of Saint Anna was a dynastic order of knighthood; but between 1797 and 1917 it had dual status as a dynastic order and as a state order. The Order of St. Anna continued to be awarded after the revolution by Grand Duke Kirill Vladimirovich, Grand Duke Vladimir Kirillovich, and Grand Duchess Maria Vladimirovna. Today, the Russian Imperial Order of St. Anna, awarded by Grand Duchess Maria Vladimirovna is recognized as an order of chivalry by the privately operated ICOC as a continuation of the pre-Revolutionary order, and has been approved for wear with military uniform by the Russian Federation, but not by some members of the Romanov Family Association ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nikolay Zhukovsky
{{hndis, Zhukovsky, Nikolay ...
Nikolay Zhukovsky may refer to: * Nikolay Zhukovsky (revolutionary) (1833–1895), Russian revolutionary *Nikolay Zhukovsky (scientist) (1847–1921), Russian scientist See also * Zhukovsky (other) __NOTOC__ Zhukovsky (masculine), Zhukovskaya (feminine), or Zhukovskoye (neuter) may refer to: People *Zhukovsky (surname) Zhukovsky or Zhukovski (, , ) is an East Slavic masculine surname. Its feminine counterpart is Zhukovskaya (Russian) or Zhuko ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
TsAGI
The Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute (also (Zhukovsky) Central Institute of Aerodynamics, , TsAGI) is a Russian national research centre for aviation. It was founded in Moscow by Russian aviation pioneer Nikolai Yegorovich Zhukovsky on December 1, 1918. History From 1925 and up to the 1930s, TsAGI developed and hosted Tupolev's AGOS (''Aviatziya, Gidroaviatziya i Opytnoye Stroitelstvo'', the "Aviation, Hydroaviation, and Experimental Construction"), the first aircraft design bureau in Soviet Union, and at the time the main one. In 1930, two other major aircraft design bureaus in the country were the Ilyushin's TsKB (''Tsentralnoye Konstruksionnoye Byuro'' means "Central Design Bureau") and an independent, short-lived Kalinin's team in Kharkiv. In 1935 TsAGI was partly relocated to the former dacha settlement ''Otdykh'' (literally, "Relaxation") converted to the new urban-type settlement ''Stakhanovo''. It was named after Alexey Stakhanov, a famous Soviet miner. On April&nbs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ludwig Mach
Ludwig Mach (8 November 1868 Prague – September 1951) was an Austrian physician and chemist. Building on the work of Ludwig Zehnder in 1891, Mach added refinements to an instrument which became known as the Mach–Zehnder interferometer. He went on to employ photography for collecting visual data streamlines in the field of aerodynamics. Ludwig is the son of the physicist Ernst Mach Ernst Waldfried Josef Wenzel Mach ( ; ; 18 February 1838 – 19 February 1916) was an Austrian physicist and philosopher, who contributed to the understanding of the physics of shock waves. The ratio of the speed of a flow or object to that of .... In 1894 he registered the patent for Magnalium, an aluminum alloy with 2 to 30% magnesium, which was to be the precursor of the entire 5000 series of aluminum alloys. Its commercialization brought him significant profits. See also * Velocimetry References {{DEFAULTSORT:Mach, Ludwig 1868 births 1951 deaths Austrian physicists Austrian chemi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ernst Mach
Ernst Waldfried Josef Wenzel Mach ( ; ; 18 February 1838 – 19 February 1916) was an Austrian physicist and philosopher, who contributed to the understanding of the physics of shock waves. The ratio of the speed of a flow or object to that of sound is named the Mach number in his honour. As a philosopher of science, he was a major influence on logical positivism and American pragmatism. Through his criticism of Isaac Newton's theories of space and time, he foreshadowed Albert Einstein's theory of relativity. Biography Early life Mach was born in Chrlice (), Moravia, Austrian Empire (now part of Brno in the Czech Republic). His father Jan Nepomuk Mach, who had graduated from Charles-Ferdinand University in Prague, acted as tutor to the noble Brethon family in Zlín in eastern Moravia. His grandfather, Wenzl Lanhaus, an administrator of the Chirlitz estate, was also master builder of the streets there. His activities in that field later influenced Ernst Mach's theoretical ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moscow State Technical University
The Bauman Moscow State Technical University (BMSTU; ), sometimes colloquially referred as the ''Bauman School'' or ''Baumanka'' (), is a public technical university (polytechnic) located in Moscow, Russia. Bauman University offers B.S., M.S & PhD degrees in various engineering fields and applied sciences. In 2023, ''US News & World Report'' ranked it #1,758 in the world. History Bauman University is the second oldest educational institution in Russia after Lomonosov Moscow State University (1755). In 1763, the Russian Empress Catherine II founded the Educational Imperial House. On October 5, 1826, the dowager Empress Maria Feodorovna issued a decree to establish "''great workshops for different crafts with bedrooms, a dining room, etc.''" as a part of the Moscow Foundling Home in the German Quarter. All craft pupils were moved from an Orphanage there. On July 1, 1830, Emperor Nicholas I approved the Statute of Moscow Craft School. Russia's developing industry needed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Governorate (Russia)
A governorate (, , ) was a major and principal administrative subdivision of the Russian Empire. After the October Revolution, Bolshevik Revolution in 1917, governorates remained as subdivisions in the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic, Byelorussian, Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Russian and Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, Ukrainian Soviet republics, and in the Soviet Union from its formation in 1922 until 1929. The term is also translated as ''government'' or ''province''. A governorate was headed by a governor (), a word borrowed from Latin , in turn from Greek (). Selected governorates were united under an assigned governor-general such as the Grand Duchy of Finland, Congress Poland, Russian Turkestan and others. There were also military governors such as Kronstadt, Vladivostok and others. Aside from governorates, other types of divisions were oblasts (region) and okrugs (district). First reform This subdivision type was created by the edict (ukas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Governorates Of The Russian Empire
This is a list of governorates of the Russian Empire () established between the Administrative divisions of Russia in 1708–1710, administrative reform of 1708 and the establishment of the Kholm Governorate (Russian Empire), Kholm Governorate in 1912 (inclusive). Some of these governorates persisted into the Russian SFSR, Soviet era (renamed ''oblasts'' during the 1920s), while others were subdivided further as part of the policy of "unbundling" (разукрупнение, ''razukrupneniye'') of the 1930s. During the partitions of Poland (in the 1780s), many governorates were replaced with Viceroy, viceroyalties, but later (before the 1800s) were reverted to governorates. List of governorates Grand Duchy of Finland Governorates of the Grand Duchy of Finland during 1831–1917: * Åbo och Björneborg Governorate (, , ) * Kuopio Governorate (, , ) * Nikolaistad Governorate (, , ) * Nyland Governorate (, , ) * St. Michel Governorate (, , ) * Tavastehus Governorate (, , ) * Ule� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Martin Kutta
Martin Wilhelm Kutta (; 3 November 1867 – 25 December 1944) was a German mathematician. In 1901, he co-developed the Runge–Kutta method, used to solve ordinary differential equations numerically. He is also remembered for the Zhukovsky–Kutta aerofoil, the Kutta–Zhukovsky theorem and the Kutta condition in aerodynamics. Kutta was born in Pitschen, Upper Silesia, Kingdom of Prussia (today Byczyna, Poland). He attended the University of Breslau from 1885 to 1890, and continued his studies in Munich until 1894, where he became the assistant of Walther Franz Anton von Dyck. From 1898, he spent half a year at the University of Cambridge. From 1899 to 1909, he worked again as an assistant of von Dyck in Munich; from 1909 to 1910, he was adjunct professor at the Friedrich Schiller University Jena. He was professor at the RWTH Aachen from 1910 to 1912. Kutta became professor at the University of Stuttgart in 1912, where he stayed until his retirement in 1935. Kutta died in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hydrodynamics
In physics, physical chemistry and engineering, fluid dynamics is a subdiscipline of fluid mechanics that describes the flow of fluids – liquids and gases. It has several subdisciplines, including (the study of air and other gases in motion) and (the study of water and other liquids in motion). Fluid dynamics has a wide range of applications, including calculating forces and moments on aircraft, determining the mass flow rate of petroleum through pipelines, predicting weather patterns, understanding nebulae in interstellar space, understanding large scale geophysical flows involving oceans/atmosphere and modelling fission weapon detonation. Fluid dynamics offers a systematic structure—which underlies these practical disciplines—that embraces empirical and semi-empirical laws derived from flow measurement and used to solve practical problems. The solution to a fluid dynamics problem typically involves the calculation of various properties of the fluid, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aerodynamics
Aerodynamics () is the study of the motion of atmosphere of Earth, air, particularly when affected by a solid object, such as an airplane wing. It involves topics covered in the field of fluid dynamics and its subfield of gas dynamics, and is an important domain of study in aeronautics. The term ''aerodynamics'' is often used synonymously with gas dynamics, the difference being that "gas dynamics" applies to the study of the motion of all gases, and is not limited to air. The formal study of aerodynamics began in the modern sense in the eighteenth century, although observations of fundamental concepts such as aerodynamic drag were recorded much earlier. Most of the early efforts in aerodynamics were directed toward achieving Aircraft#Heavier-than-air – aerodynes, heavier-than-air flight, which was first demonstrated by Otto Lilienthal in 1891. Since then, the use of aerodynamics through mathematical analysis, empirical approximations, wind tunnel experimentation, and computer si ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
