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José María Esquerdo
José María Esquerdo Zaragoza (2February 184230January 1912) was a Spanish psychiatrist, physician, and Republican politician. He was the leader of the Progressive Republican Party from 1895 until his death in 1912. He is noted as a pioneer in the introduction of modern psychiatric treatments in Spain. Biography José María Esquerdo Zaragoza was born in Villajoyosa, Alicante on 2 February 1842. He was the son of farm workers. He completed his medical training at the San Carlos Hospital of Madrid, though it is unclear whether he began his education there or at the University of Valencia. After completing his studies, he relocated to Talavera de la Reina. Following the 1868 Glorious Revolution, he became the chair of pathology and director of the clinic of mental diseases at the General Hospital of Madrid. In 1872, Esquerdo volunteered to treat those wounded during the Third Carlist War. In May 1877, he founded a psychiatric hospital in Carabanchel. Esquerdo unsuccess ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Progressive Republican Party (Spain)
The Progressive Republican Party ( es, Partido Republicano Progresista, PRP) was a Spanish political party created in 1880 by Manuel Ruiz Zorrilla. Ruiz Zorrilla wrote his testament in January 1895 declaring his successor, and thus the reins of the party were passed to José María Esquerdo upon Ruiz Zorrilla's death. The latter helped to create the Republican Union in 1903. Following the death of Esquerdo, the party dissolved in June 1912, integrating into the Reformist Party of Melquíades Álvarez and Gumersindo de Azcárate. References See also *Liberalism and radicalism in Spain This article gives an overview of liberalism and radicalism in Spain. It is limited to liberal and radical parties with substantial support, mainly proved by having been represented in parliament. The sign ⇒ denotes another party in that sch ... Defunct political parties in Spain Defunct liberal political parties Political parties established in 1880 Political parties disestablished ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Congress Of Deputies
The Congress of Deputies ( es, link=no, Congreso de los Diputados, italic=unset) is the lower house of the Cortes Generales, Spain's legislative branch. The Congress meets in the Palacio de las Cortes, Madrid, Palace of the Parliament () in Madrid. It has 350 members elected by constituency, constituencies (matching fifty Provinces of Spain, Spanish provinces and two Autonomous cities of Spain, autonomous cities) by closed list proportional representation using the D'Hondt method. Deputies serve four-year terms. The presiding officer is the President of the Congress of Deputies, who is elected by the members thereof. It is the analogue to a speaker. In the Congress, MPs from the List of political parties in Spain, political parties, or groups of parties, form Parliamentary group (Spain), parliamentary groups. Groups must be formed by at least 15 deputies, but a group can also be formed with only five deputies if the parties got at least 5% of the nationwide vote, or 15% of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Melquíades Álvarez (politician)
Melquíades Álvarez Gónzalez-Posada ( Gijón, May 17, 1864 - Madrid, August 22, 1936) was a Spanish Republican politician, founder and leader of the Reformist Republican Party ''(Partido Republicano Reformista)'', commonly known just as Reformist Party and President of the Congress of Deputies between 1922 and 1923. Biography He studied Law at the University of Oviedo (Asturias) and collaborated with Asturian liberal newspapers. He was friend of the famous writer Clarín and he started working as a lawyer in Oviedo. In 1898 he was elected to the Congress as Liberal candidate and was appointed Professor of Roman Law at the University of Oviedo. In 1899, he turned into Republican and in 1906 he was elected Republican congressman. He was one of the organizers of the Liberal Block in 1908 against the Conservative Prime Minister Antonio Maura and of the Republican-Socialist Conjunction in 1909. In 1912, he founded with Gumersindo de Azcárate and José Ortega y Gasset the Refor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benito Pérez Galdós
Benito Pérez Galdós (May 10, 1843 – January 4, 1920) was a Spanish Spanish Realist literature, realist novelist. He was the leading literary figure in 19th-century Spain, and some scholars consider him second only to Miguel de Cervantes in stature as a Spanish novelist. Pérez Galdós was a prolific writer, publishing 31 novels, 46 ''Episodios Nacionales'' (''National Episodes''), 23 plays, and the equivalent of 20 volumes of shorter fiction, journalism and other writings. He remains popular in Spain, and is considered as equal to Dickens, Balzac and Tolstoy. Some of his works have been translated into English, as he has slowly become popular in the Anglophone world. While his plays are generally considered to be less successful than his novels, ''Realidad'' (1892) is important in the history of realism in the Spanish theatre. The Pérez Galdós museum in Las Palmas, Gran Canaria features a portrait of the writer by Joaquín Sorolla. He came to be nominated for the No ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1910 Spanish General Election
The 1910 Spanish general election was held on Sunday, 8 May (for the Congress of Deputies) and on Sunday, 22 May 1910 (for the Senate), to elect the 14th Cortes of the Kingdom of Spain in the Restoration period. All 404 seats in the Congress of Deputies were up for election, as well as 180 of 360 seats in the Senate. Overview Electoral system The Spanish Cortes were envisaged as "co-legislative bodies", based on a nearly perfect bicameral system. Both the Congress of Deputies and the Senate had legislative, control and budgetary functions, sharing equal powers except for laws on contributions or public credit, where the Congress had preeminence. Voting for the Cortes was on the basis of universal manhood suffrage, which comprised all national males over 25 years of age, having at least a two-year residency in a municipality and in full enjoyment of their civil rights. Amendments to the electoral law in 1907 introduced compulsory voting, though those older than 70, the clergy, fir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Republican–Socialist Conjunction
The Republican–Socialist Conjunction ( es, Conjunción Republicano–Socialista, CRS) was a Spanish electoral coalition created in 1909 and lasting until 1919. It comprised different parties during its short lifespan, but it always included the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) and at least several Republican Republican can refer to: Political ideology * An advocate of a republic, a type of government that is not a monarchy or dictatorship, and is usually associated with the rule of law. ** Republicanism, the ideology in support of republics or agains ... members. It was disbanded in December 1919 after the PSOE left the alliance. Composition Electoral performance Restoration Cortes References 1893 establishments in Spain 1903 disestablishments in Spain Defunct political party alliances in Spain Political parties disestablished in 1903 Political parties established in 1893 Republican parties in Spain Restoration (Spain) Spanish Socialist Workers' Party [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alejandro Lerroux
Alejandro Lerroux García (4 March 1864, in La Rambla, Córdoba – 25 June 1949, in Madrid) was a Spanish politician who was the leader of the Radical Republican Party. He served as Prime Minister three times from 1933 to 1935 and held several cabinet posts as well. A highly charismatic politician, he was distinguished by his demagogical and populist political style. Biography He was initiated as Freemason around 1886 in the Madrid's Vetonica lodge of the Grand Orient of Spain, but his activity was limited, among other reasons due to his disillusion with the prospects this membership offered to his immediate purposes. Lerroux agitated as a young man in the ranks of the radical republicans, as a follower of Manuel Ruiz Zorrilla. He practised a demagogic and aggressive journalistic style in the diverse publications that he directed (''El País'', ''El Progreso'', ''El Intransigente'' and ''El Radical''). From the 1890s onwards Lerroux radicalized his discourse. His populist a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manuel Ruiz Zorrilla
Manuel Ruiz Zorrilla (22 March 183313 June 1895) was a Spanish politician. He served as Prime Minister of Spain for a little over ten weeks, in the summer of 1871, and again for eight months, between June 1872 and February 1873. Biography Born in Burgo de Osma, he was educated at Valladolid and studied law at the Central University of Madrid, where he leaned towards radicalism in politics. In 1856, he was elected deputy and soon attracted notice among the most advanced Progressists and Democrats. Ruiz Zorrilla took part in the revolutionary propaganda that led to the military movement in Madrid on 22 June 1866. He had to take refuge in France for two years, like his fellow conspirators, but he returned to Spain when the revolution of 1868 took place. He was one of the members of the first cabinet after the revolution, and in 1869, under the regency of Marshal Serrano, he became Minister of Grace and Justice. In 1870, he was elected President of the Congress of Deputies and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Científicas
The Spanish National Research Council ( es, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC) is the largest public institution dedicated to research in Spain and the third largest in Europe. Its main objective is to develop and promote research that will help bring about scientific and technological progress, and it is prepared to collaborate with Spanish and foreign entities in order to achieve this aim. CSIC plays an important role in scientific and technological policy, since it encompasses an area that takes in everything from basic research to the transfer of knowledge to the productive sector. Its research is driven by its centres and institutes, which are spread across all the autonomous regions. CSIC has 6% of all the staff dedicated to research and development in Spain, and they generate approximately 20% of all scientific production in the country. It also manages a range of important facilities; the most complete and extensive network of specialist libraries, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1893 Spanish General Election
The 1893 Spanish general election was held on Sunday, 5 March (for the Congress of Deputies) and on Sunday, 19 March 1893 (for the Senate), to elect the 6th Cortes of the Kingdom of Spain in the Restoration period. All 442 seats in the Congress of Deputies (plus five special districts) were up for election, as well as 180 of 360 seats in the Senate. The ruling Liberal Party of Práxedes Mateo Sagasta secured a large majority in the Cortes, granting him the required parliamentary support for a new "turn" in power. This came following the downfall of Antonio Cánovas del Castillo's Conservative Party government in December 1892 as a result of an internal split by former minister Francisco Silvela over the issue of political regeneration. The election also saw a strong performance by pro-republican parties, which went on to win in the two main Spanish cities (Madrid and Barcelona) and secure over 10% of the seats in the Congress. Overview Electoral system The Spanish Cortes were e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heraldo De Madrid
The ''Heraldo de Madrid'' (originally ''El Heraldo de Madrid'') was a Spanish daily newspaper published from 1890 to 1939, with an evening circulation. It came to espouse a Republican leaning in its later spell. History The publication was founded on 29 October 1890 by , a former close acquaintance of Amadeo I. Following the death of Ducazcal in 1891, the publicacion was bought by Eugenio González Sangrador. In 1893, the newspaper was bought by the Canalejas brothers, José and , and a number of political supporters of the former. Since then, it would grow to become a major publication, as well as the mouthpiece of the Democratic Liberal political platform of José Canalejas. By the early 1910s, following the 1906 acquisition of the newspaper by the (the so-called "Trust"), the Heraldo came to adhere to the political platform of Segismundo Moret, rival of Canalejas (then prime minister) within the Liberal party. Owned by the Busquets brothers ( and Juan, holders of the sin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Municipal Election
In many parts of the world, local elections take place to select office-holders in local government, such as mayors and councillors. Elections to positions within a city or town are often known as "municipal elections". Their form and conduct vary widely across jurisdictions. By area Europe Adopted by the Congress of the Council of Europe, The European Charter of Local Self-Government aims to establish basic European rules in order to measure and safeguard the rights of local authorities. The Charter commits the parties to applying basic rules guaranteeing the political, administrative and financial independence of local authorities. The Congress conducts two main activities so as to evaluate the Charter's implementation: local and regional election monitoring and observation. The Congress regularly observes local and/or regional elections in member and applicant countries, which allows the Council to monitor the state of local and regional democracy in the countries concerned. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
