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Joseph Saunders (engraver)
Joseph Saunders, (in Polish Józef Saunders), sometimes also Joseph Sanders (b. 1773 in London – d. 1853 Kremenets), was an engraver, illustrator, publisher and professor of fine art, active in London, Saint Petersburg and Wilno, Vilnius. He has sometimes become conflated with the London painter and miniaturist, Joseph Saunders (b. ca.1750). Professor Anthony Cross (literary scholar), Anthony Cross suggests a further confusion with a 'John Saunders', born 1750, who also went to Russia. Career Nothing substantive is currently known about Saunders' early life in London. He appears to have travelled to the Russian Imperial court at the invitation of the Russian ambassador to the Kingdom of Great Britain, Semyon Vorontsov. He arrived in Russian Empire, Russia some time between 1794 and 1796 in the footsteps of an earlier English engraver, James Walker (engraver), James Walker already working there, and became "imperial engraver" c. 1802. Saunders was also named "Historical Court ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jan Rustem
Jan Rustem ( hy, Յան Ռուստամ; 1762 – 21 June 1835) was a painter of Armenian ethnicity who lived and worked in the territories of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Primarily a portrait painter Portrait Painting is a genre in painting, where the intent is to represent a specific human subject. The term 'portrait painting' can also describe the actual painted portrait. Portraitists may create their work by commission, for public and pr ..., he was commissioned to execute portraits of notable personalities of his epoch. For many years he was a professor at Vilnius University. Biography He was born in Constantinople, and as a young orphan boy was sponsored by Adam Kazimierz Czartoryski, who invited him to the Commonwealth around 1774. Czartoryski paid for his studies in Warsaw, where among his tutors were Jean-Pierre Norblin de La Gourdaine and Marcello Bacciarelli. Between 1788 and 1790, he moved to Germany, where he became a freemason. Two years later he re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
James Walker (engraver)
James Walker (c. 1760 – c. 1823) was a British mezzotint engraver. Early life The son of a captain in the merchant navy, Walker became a pupil of Valentine Green. Although an eminent mezzotint engraver in England, Walker emigrated to Russia in 1784, remaining there for nearly twenty years. Career He was invited to St. Petersburg by Empress Catherine II, who appointed him Engraver to Her Imperial Majesty, on a salary of 1,000 roubles a year. His role was to execute mezzotints after the Old Master paintings in the Imperial Collection, which were published in two folders entitled ''A Collection of Prints, from the Most Celebrated Pictures in the Gallery of her Imperial Majesty Catherine the Second''. Walker also engraved portraits of the Imperial family and the Russian Aristocracy. Walker's appointment as court engraver was renewed by the Emperor Alexander I, and he was a member of the Imperial Academy of Arts at St. Petersburg. He returned to England with a pension in 1802 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Milton
John Milton (9 December 1608 – 8 November 1674) was an English poet and intellectual. His 1667 epic poem ''Paradise Lost'', written in blank verse and including over ten chapters, was written in a time of immense religious flux and political upheaval. It addressed the fall of man, including the temptation of Adam and Eve by the fallen angel Satan and God's expulsion of them from the Garden of Eden. ''Paradise Lost'' is widely considered one of the greatest works of literature ever written, and it elevated Milton's widely-held reputation as one of history's greatest poets. He also served as a civil servant for the Commonwealth of England under its Council of State and later under Oliver Cromwell. Writing in English, Latin, and Italian, Milton achieved global fame and recognition during his lifetime; his celebrated ''Areopagitica'' (1644), written in condemnation of pre-publication censorship, is among history's most influential and impassioned defences of freedom of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Masonic Lodge
A Masonic lodge, often termed a private lodge or constituent lodge, is the basic organisational unit of Freemasonry. It is also commonly used as a term for a building in which such a unit meets. Every new lodge must be warranted or chartered by a Grand Lodge, but is subject to its direction only in enforcing the published constitution of the jurisdiction. By exception the three surviving lodges that formed the world's first known grand lodge in London (now merged into the United Grand Lodge of England) have the unique privilege to operate as ''time immemorial'', i.e., without such warrant; only one other lodge operates without a warrant – the Grand Stewards' Lodge in London, although it is not also entitled to the "time immemorial" title. A Freemason is generally entitled to visit any lodge in any jurisdiction (i.e., under any Grand Lodge) in amity with his own. In some jurisdictions this privilege is restricted to Master Masons (that is, Freemasons who have attained the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tales Of One Thousand And One Nights
''Pohádky tisíce a jedné noci'' (literally ''Tales of 1,001 Nights'') is a 1974 Czech Republic animated film directed by Karel Zeman. The film combines the voyages of Sindbad the Sailor Sinbad the Sailor (; ar, سندباد البحري, Sindibādu al-Bahriyy; fa, سُنباد بحری, Sonbād-e Bahri or Sindbad) is a fictional mariner and the hero of a story-cycle of Persian origin. He is described as hailing from Baghda ... with elements of other tales from the Arabian Nights. Released in America as ''Adventures of Sinbad the Sailor'', it is also known as ''A Thousand and One Nights''. The film was animated using paper cutouts and draws its visual inspiration from Persian miniatures. Synopsis The First Voyage Originally released as the short ''Dobrodružství námořníka Sindibáda'' (literally "Adventures of Sindbad the Sailor," 14 minutes, 1971). The Second Voyage Originally released as the short ''Druhá cesta námořníka Sindibáda'' (lit. "The Second Vo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adam Kazimierz Czartoryski
Prince Adam Kazimierz Czartoryski (1 December 1734 – 19 March 1823) was an influential Polish aristocrat, writer, literary and theater critic, linguist, traveller and statesman. He was a great patron of arts and a candidate for the Polish crown. He was educated in England and after his return to Poland in 1758, he became a member of the Sejm (parliament), Crown General of Podolia and Marshal of General Confederation of Kingdom of Poland. Biography Early life He was the son of Prince August Aleksander Czartoryski, voivode of the Ruthenian Voivodeship, and Maria Zofia Sieniawska. He married Izabela Fleming on 18 November 1761, in Wołczyn, Poland. Political career A member of the '' Familia'', in 1763 he declined to be a candidate for the Polish crown, preferring instead to be a patron of the arts, and withdrawing in favor of Stanisław August Poniatowski. With his wife, Izabela Czartoryska, he created at the Czartoryski Palace in Puławy a major center of Polish intellect ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jan Jakub Zamoyski
Jan Jakub Graf Zamoyski (22 July 1716 – 10 February 1790) was a Polish nobleman ( szlachcic). He was the brother-in-law of king Stanisław August Poniatowski. Jan became the 9th Ordynat (''IX ordynat'') of Zamość estate in or until 1780. He was voivode of Podole Voivodeship (''wojewoda podolski'') in 1770 and starost of Lublin (''starosta lubelski''). He was awarded the Knight of the Order of the White Eagle on 8 May 1768. Jan married in 1745 Ludwika Maria Poniatowska, by whom she had one child, the daughter Urszula Zamoyska Urszula Zamoyska (1750-1808), was a Polish noblewoman and socialite, niece of king Stanisław August Poniatowski. She is known for her public role during the reign of her uncle, when she played the ceremonial role of the hostess of his court. Li ... (c. or bef. 1750–1808). Secular senators of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth 1716 births 1790 deaths Jan Jakub Zamoyski {{Poland-noble-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Engraving
Engraving is the practice of incising a design onto a hard, usually flat surface by cutting grooves into it with a burin. The result may be a decorated object in itself, as when silver, gold, steel, or glass are engraved, or may provide an intaglio printing plate, of copper or another metal, for printing images on paper as prints or illustrations; these images are also called "engravings". Engraving is one of the oldest and most important techniques in printmaking. Wood engraving is a form of relief printing and is not covered in this article, same with rock engravings like petroglyphs. Engraving was a historically important method of producing images on paper in artistic printmaking, in mapmaking, and also for commercial reproductions and illustrations for books and magazines. It has long been replaced by various photographic processes in its commercial applications and, partly because of the difficulty of learning the technique, is much less common in printmaking, wher ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Franciszek Smuglewicz
Franciszek Smuglewicz ( lt, Pranciškus Smuglevičius; 6 October 1745 – 18 September 1807) was a Polish-Lithuanian draughtsman and painter. Smuglewicz is considered a progenitor of Lithuanian art in the modern era. He was precursor of historicism in Polish painting. He was also a founder of Vilnius school of art, his most prominent students were Jan Rustem, Jan Krzysztof Damel, Gaspar Borowski and Józef Oleszkiewicz. His father Łukasz Smuglewicz and brother Antoni were also painters. Biography Franciszek Smuglewicz was born in Warsaw as son of Łukasz Smuglewicz, who was also a painter, and Regina Olesińska. His mother, Regina Olesińska, was the niece of painter Szymon Czechowicz. Edward Rastawiecki. ''Słownik malarzów polskich, tudzież obcych w Polsce osiadłych lub czasowo w niéj przebywających''. Vol. 2. 1851. p. 171 He made his first steps as a painter in his father and Czechowicz joint workshop in Warsaw. In 1763 Franciszek journeyed to Rome, where he b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wilno University
Vilnius University ( lt, Vilniaus universitetas) is a public research university, oldest in the Baltic states and in Northern Europe outside the United Kingdom (or 6th overall following foundations of Oxford, Cambridge, St. Andrews, Glasgow and Aberdeen). Today it is Lithuania's leading academic institution, ranked among the top 400 ( QS) or top 800 ( ARWU) universities worldwide. As of 2022 QS ranks VU as 8th in CEE (ex. Russia); an ARWU equivalent would be 11th. The university was founded in 1579 as the Jesuit Academy (College) of Vilnius by Stephen Báthory, Grand Duke of Lithuania and King of Poland. It was the third oldest university (after the Cracow Academy and the Albertina) in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Due to the failure of the November Uprising (1830–1831), the university was closed down and suspended its operation until 1919. In the aftermath of World War I, the university saw failed attempts to restart it by the local Polish Society of Friends o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Professor Jan Fryderyk Niszkowski
Professor (commonly abbreviated as Prof.) is an academic rank at universities and other post-secondary education and research institutions in most countries. Literally, ''professor'' derives from Latin as a "person who professes". Professors are usually experts in their field and teachers of the highest rank. In most systems of academic ranks, "professor" as an unqualified title refers only to the most senior academic position, sometimes informally known as "full professor". In some countries and institutions, the word "professor" is also used in titles of lower ranks such as associate professor and assistant professor; this is particularly the case in the United States, where the unqualified word is also used colloquially to refer to associate and assistant professors as well. This usage would be considered incorrect among other academic communities. However, the otherwise unqualified title "Professor" designated with a capital letter nearly always refers to a full professo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Patera Na Chleb Loży Masońskiej "Gorliwy Litwin"
In the material culture of classical antiquity, a ''phiale'' ( ) or ''patera'' () is a shallow ceramic or metal libation bowl. It often has a bulbous indentation ('' omphalos'', "bellybutton") in the center underside to facilitate holding it, in which case it is sometimes called a ''mesomphalic phiale''. It typically has no handles, and no feet. Although the two terms may be used interchangeably, particularly in the context of Etruscan culture, ''phiale'' is more common in reference to Greek forms, and ''patera'' in Roman settings, not to be confused with the Greek () or Father. Use Libation was a central and vital aspect of ancient Greek religion, and one of the simplest and most common forms of religious practice. It is one of the basic religious acts that define piety in ancient Greece, dating back to the Bronze Age and even prehistoric Greece. Libations were a part of daily life, and the pious might perform them every day in the morning and evening, as well as to begin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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