Jonka, Jonek I Kleks
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Jonka, Jonek I Kleks
Jonka, Jonek and Kleks are characters from the Polish comic series for children and youth created by Szarlota Pawel. They first appeared in 1974, in the issue 39 (May 14) of the magazine ''Świat Młodych''. Jonka and Jonek and a girl and a boy, while Kleks (literally meaning " inkblot") is a fantastic creature that was born out of an inkwell and drinks ink. Szarlota Pawel followed the advice of the Polish comic authority Henryk Chmielewski to create a trio of two child and one fantastic characters.Olga WiniarczykFantastic Comics/ref> The 50th anniversary collection describes the series thusly: " Jonka and Jonek, brought up among the panel houses of Polish People's Republic, break away from their daily routine thanks to Kleks and enter the land of fantasy and dreams." Szarlota Pawel based her plots on books and fairy tales, sayings, and superstitions familiar to Polish children. The comics were published in the magazine, initially in black and white, and later in color, and since ...
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Comic
a medium used to express ideas with images, often combined with text or other visual information. It typically the form of a sequence of panels of images. Textual devices such as speech balloons, captions, and onomatopoeia can indicate dialogue, narration, sound effects, or other information. There is no consensus among theorists and historians on a definition of comics; some emphasize the combination of images and text, some sequentiality or other image relations, and others historical aspects such as mass reproduction or the use of recurring characters. Cartooning and other forms of illustration are the most common means of image-making in comics. Photo comics is a form that uses photographic images. Common forms include comic strips, editorial and gag cartoons, and comic books. Since the late 20th century, bound volumes such as graphic novels, and comic albums, have become increasingly common, along with webcomics as well as scientific/medical comics. The histo ...
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Szarlota Pawel
Szarlota Pawel; actual name, Eugenia Joanna Pawel-Kroll (4 November 1947 – 7 September 2018) was a Polish comic book artist A cartoonist is a visual artist who specializes in both drawing and writing cartoons (individual images) or comics (sequential images). Cartoonists differ from comics writers or comics illustrators/artists in that they produce both the literary ..., creator of the popular series about Jonka, Jonek and Kleks, among other comics. Łukasz ChmielewskiSzarlota Pawel ''culture.pl'', References 1947 births 2018 deaths Polish comics artists Polish female comics artists Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw alumni Recipients of the Bronze Medal for Merit to Culture – Gloria Artis {{comics-artist-stub ...
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Świat Młodych
''Świat Młodych'' (Youth's World) was a youth magazine in Poland, published from 1949 to 1993. Part of the magazine was dedicated to scouting, but it is most remembered for its last page comics, where many leading Polish comic books artists and titles debuted (ex. Henryk Jerzy Chmielewski with Tytus, Romek i A'Tomek, Szarlota Pawel with Kleks series) or significant parts of them were published there (works of Janusz Christa, Tadeusz Baranowski and Grzegorz Rosiński Grzegorz Rosiński (Polish: ; born 3 August 1941) is a Polish comic book artist, illustrator and painter. He is best known for providing the artwork for the series '' Thorgal''. His other notable work includes art drawn in the '' Hans'' and '' C ...). It was one of the two major Polish youth magazines of its era. The magazine was subject to a documentary in 2012. References * * * * 1949 establishments in Poland 1993 disestablishments in Poland Defunct magazines published in Poland Magazines establish ...
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Inkblot
Ink is a gel, Sol (colloid), sol, or Solution (chemistry), solution that contains at least one colorant, such as a dye or pigment, and is used to color a surface to produce an image, writing, text, or design. Ink is used for drawing or writing with a pen, brush, reed pen, or quill. Thicker inks, in paste form, are used extensively in letterpress and lithographic printing. Ink can be a complex medium, composed of solvents, pigments, dyes, resins, lubricants, solubilizers, surfactants, Suspended solids, particulate matter, Fluorescence, fluorescents, and other materials. The components of inks serve many purposes; the ink's carrier, colorants, and other additives affect the flow and thickness of the ink and its dry appearance. History Many ancient cultures around the world have independently discovered and formulated inks due to the need to write and draw. The recipes and techniques for the production of ink are derived from archaeological analyses or from written texts itself. ...
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Inkwell
An inkwell is a small jar or container, often made of glass, porcelain, silver, brass, or pewter, used for holding ink in a place convenient for the person who is writing. The artist or writer dips the brush, quill, or dip pen into the inkwell as needed or uses the inkwell as the source for filling the reservoir of a fountain pen. An inkwell usually has a lid to prevent contamination, evaporation, accidental spillage, and excessive exposure to air. A type known as the travelling inkwell was fitted with a secure screw lid so a traveller could carry a supply of ink in their luggage without the risk of leakage. Origins The inkwell's origins may be traced back to Ancient Egypt where scribes would write on papyrus. Knowledge of hieroglyphs was at the time highly restricted. Only scribes knew the full array of hieroglyphs and would write on the behalf of their employers, usually the pharaoh. After Rome invaded Egypt, inkwells became more popular in Italy as a larger percentage of t ...
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Henryk Chmielewski (comics)
Henryk Jerzy Chmielewski (7 June 1923 – 22 January 2021), also known under his pseudonym Papcio Chmiel, was a Polish comic book artist and journalist. During World War II, Chmielewski served in the Home Army and took part in the Warsaw Uprising. After the war, he started working as a graphic artist in the ''Świat Młodych'' magazine, where he also published comics. Since the debut of his first ''Tytus, Romek i A'Tomek'' comic book in 1966, he focused his career almost entirely on this series, telling the story of Tytus de Zoo, an anthropomorphic, talking chimpanzee who wants to become a human. The last, thirty first book of the main series was published in 2008, but Chmielewski continued to create other works, such as artbooks, with his characters. Chmielewski's comics are known for the use of absurdist humour, puns and word plays. Aimed at children and teenagers, with the goal of being both entertaining and educational, his works often explore history (especially history of ...
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Panel House
A large-panel-system building is a building constructed of large, prefabricated concrete slabs. Such buildings are often found in housing developments. Although large-panel-system buildings are often considered to be typical of Eastern Bloc countries in the second half of the 20th century, this prefabricated construction method was also used extensively in Western Europe and elsewhere, particularly in public housing (see tower block). This construction method, known as ''Plattenbau'' in German, involves assembling buildings from story-high precast concrete elements that are manufactured in a factory and then transported to the construction site for assembly. It emerged from efforts to develop serial and industrialized housing construction, evolving through techniques such as block construction, large-block construction, concrete strip construction, and cast-in-place concrete panels from the early 20th century onward. For large-panel construction to be effective, it requires ...
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Polish People's Republic
The Polish People's Republic (1952–1989), formerly the Republic of Poland (1947–1952), and also often simply known as Poland, was a country in Central Europe that existed as the predecessor of the modern-day democratic Republic of Poland. With a population of approximately 37.9 million near the end of its existence, it was the second most-populous communist government, communist and Eastern Bloc country in Europe. It was also where the Warsaw Pact was founded. The largest city and capital was Warsaw, followed by the industrial city of Łódź and cultural city of Kraków. The country was bordered by the Baltic Sea to the north, the Soviet Union to the east, Czechoslovak Socialist Republic, Czechoslovakia to the south, and East Germany to the west. The Polish People's Republic was a unitary state with a Marxist–Leninist government established in the country after the Red Army's takeover of Polish territory from Occupation of Poland (1939–1945), German occupation in ...
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Pan Kleks
Professor Ambroży Kleks (English: Ambrose Inkblot), commonly referred to as Pan Kleks (English: Mr. Inkblot or Mr. Blot), is a fictional character in the ''Pan Kleks'' series, a trilogy of books written by Polish author Jan Brzechwa. He is depicted as the founder and headmaster of a magical academy for wizards that is attended by boys whose names begin with the letter "A". Kleks is depicted as a tall and eccentric man with a bushy beard, who wears a velvet frock coat over a waistcoat with numerous pockets. Among his magical abilities is his ability to change his size. The character was partly based on Franciszek Fiszer, a Polish metaphysician and alchemist known to the literary circles of pre-World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ... Warsaw. Kleks was por ...
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Polish Comics
Polish comics are comics written and produced in Poland. Very few of these comics have been published in languages other than Polish. History One of the first and most famous Polish comics was ''Koziołek Matołek'' (Matołek the Billy-Goat), created by Kornel Makuszyński (story) and Marian Walentynowicz (art) in 1933. It became a cult classic, still popular today, and is an important part of the canon of Polish children's literature. In the People's Republic of Poland the term comic (''komiks'') was discouraged as a "demoralising Western influence," and the terms "graphic stories" (''historyjki obrazkowe'') or "color books" (''kolorowe zeszyty'') were preferred instead; they were actually illegal and forbidden from 1947 to 1957. In modern Poland those terms have largely been forgotten, and the formerly discouraged English loanword "comics" (Polish "komiks") is now the main term for the medium. One of the most notable series created in 1957 (and concluded in 2009) was ''Ty ...
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Comics Characters Introduced In 1974
a medium used to express ideas with images, often combined with text or other visual information. It typically the form of a sequence of panels of images. Textual devices such as speech balloons, captions, and onomatopoeia can indicate dialogue, narration, sound effects, or other information. There is no consensus among theorists and historians on a definition of comics; some emphasize the combination of images and text, some sequentiality or other image relations, and others historical aspects such as mass reproduction or the use of recurring characters. Cartooning and other forms of illustration are the most common means of image-making in comics. Photo comics is a form that uses photographic images. Common forms include comic strips, editorial and gag cartoons, and comic books. Since the late 20th century, bound volumes such as graphic novels, and comic albums, have become increasingly common, along with webcomics as well as scientific/medical comics. The history of ...
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