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Joint Academic Coding System
The Joint Academic Coding System (JACS) system is used by the Higher Education Statistics Agency (HESA) and the Universities and Colleges Admissions Service (UCAS) in the United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Europe, off the north-western coast of the European mainland, continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotlan ... to classify academic subjects. It is due to be replaced by the Higher Education Classification of Subjects (HECoS) and the Common Aggregation Hierarchy (CAH) for the 2019/20 academic year. A JACS code for a single subject consists of a letter and three numbers. The letter represents the broad subject classification, e.g. F for physical sciences. The first number represents the principal subject area, e.g. F3 for physics, and subsequent numbers represent further details, similar to the Dewey Decimal System. The principal subject of physics, for examp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Higher Education Statistics Agency
The Higher Education Statistics Agency (HESA) was the official agency for the collection, analysis and dissemination of quantitative information about higher education in the United Kingdom. HESA became a directorate of Jisc after a merger in 2022. HESA was set up by agreement between the relevant government departments, the higher education funding councils and the universities and colleges in 1993, following the White Paper "Higher Education: a new framework", which called for more coherence in HE statistics, and the 1992 Higher and Further Education Acts, which established an integrated higher education system throughout the United Kingdom. In 2018 HESA became the Designated Data Body for higher education in England under the Higher Education and Research Act 2017, with designation passing to Jisc after the 2022 merger. Data Collections HESA collected data from all publicly funded higher education institutions (HEIs) in the UK as well as a small number of private providers ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Outline Of Physics
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to physics: Physics – natural science that involves the study of matterRichard Feynman begins his ''Lectures'' with the atomic hypothesis, as his most compact statement of all scientific knowledge: "If, in some cataclysm, all of scientific knowledge were to be destroyed, and only one sentence passed on to the next generations ..., what statement would contain the most information in the fewest words? I believe it is ... that ''all things are made up of atoms – little particles that move around in perpetual motion, attracting each other when they are a little distance apart, but repelling upon being squeezed into one another. ...''" and its motion through spacetime, along with related concepts such as energy and force. More broadly, it is the general analysis of nature, conducted in order to understand how the universe behaves.Note: The term 'universe' is defined as everything that physically exists: the en ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Outline Of Aerospace
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the aerospace field: Aerospace – comprises the atmosphere of Earth and surrounding space. Typically the term is used to refer to the aerospace industry, which researches, designs, manufactures, operates, and maintains vehicles moving through air and space. The aerospace field is diverse, with a multitude of commercial, industrial, and military applications. Essence of aerospace Aerospace * Aircraft * Atmosphere * Geocentric orbit * Space * Spacecraft Aerospace industries and applications * Air transport * Aerospace manufacturing * Space exploration Subdisciplines of the aerospace field * General aviation * Aeronautics * Astronautics * Aerospace engineering Aerospace organizations Space agencies * NASA * ESA * Canadian Space Agency * Indian Space Research Organization * Russian Federal Space Agency (RKA) * China National Space Administration * Iranian Space Agency * German Aerospace Center * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Outline Of Technology
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to technology: collection of tools, including machinery, modifications, arrangements and procedures used by humans. Engineering is the discipline that seeks to study and design new technology. Technologies significantly affect human as well as other animal species' ability to control and adapt to their natural environments. Components of technology * ** ** ** ** * ** ** ** ** ** * ** ** ** ** ** ** Man-made * ** Branches of technology * Aerospace – flight or transport above the surface of the Earth. ** Space exploration – the physical investigation of the space more than 100 km above the Earth by either crewed or uncrewed spacecraft. ** General aviation ** Aeronautics ** Astronautics ** Aerospace engineering * Applied physics – physics which is intended for a particular technological or practical use. It is usually considered as a bridge or a connection between " ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Outline Of Engineering
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to engineering: Engineering is the scientific discipline and profession that applies scientific theories, mathematical methods, and empirical evidence to design, create, and analyze technological solutions cognizant of safety, human factors, physical laws, regulations, practicality, and cost. Branches of engineering * Applied engineering – application of management, design, and technical skills for the design and integration of systems, the execution of new product designs, the improvement of manufacturing processes, and the management and direction of physical and/or technical functions of a firm or organization. **Packaging engineering * Biological engineering ** Agricultural engineering ** Bionics ** Genetic engineering ** Biomedical engineering ** Metabolic engineering ** Neural engineering ** Tissue engineering * Civil engineering ** Environmental engineering ** Architectural engineering ** ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Outline Of Artificial Intelligence
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to artificial intelligence: Artificial intelligence (AI) – intelligence exhibited by machines or software. It is also the name of the scientific field which studies how to create computers and computer software that are capable of intelligent behaviour. AI algorithms and techniques Search * Discrete search algorithms ** Uninformed search *** Brute force search *** Search tree **** Breadth first search **** Depth-first search *** State space search ** Informed search *** Best-first search *** A* search algorithm *** Heuristics *** Pruning (algorithm) ** Adversarial search *** Minmax algorithm ** Logic as search *** Production system (computer science), Rule based system *** Production rule, Inference rule, Horn clause *** Forward chaining *** Backward chaining ** Planning as search *** State space search *** Means-ends analysis Optimization search * Optimization (mathematics) algorithms ** H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Outline Of Software Engineering
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to software engineering: Software engineering – application of a systematic, disciplined, quantifiable approach to the development, operation, and maintenance of software; that is the application of engineering to software. The ACM Computing Classification system is a poly-hierarchical ontology that organizes the topics of the field and can be used in semantic web applications and as a defacto standard classification system for the field. The major section "Software and its Engineering" provides an outline and ontology for software engineering. Software applications Software engineers build software (applications, operating systems, system software) that people use. Applications influence software engineering by pressuring developers to solve problems in new ways. For example, consumer software emphasizes low cost, medical software emphasizes high quality, and Internet commerce software emphasizes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Outline Of Computer Science
Computer science (also called computing science) is the study of the theoretical foundations of information and computation and their implementation and application in computer systems. One well known subject classification system for computer science is the ACM Computing Classification System devised by the Association for Computing Machinery. What is computer science? Computer science can be described as all of the following: * Academic discipline * Science ** Applied science Subfields Mathematical foundations * Coding theory – Useful in networking, programming, system development, and other areas where computers communicate with each other. * Game theory – Useful in artificial intelligence and cybernetics. * Discrete Mathematics * Graph theory – Foundations for data structures and searching algorithms. * Mathematical logic – Boolean logic and other ways of modeling logical queries; the uses and limitations of formal proof methods * Number theory – The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Outline Of Statistics
Statistics is a field of inquiry that studies the collection, analysis, interpretation, and presentation of data. It is applicable to a wide variety of academic disciplines, from the physical and social sciences to the humanities; it is also used and misused for making informed decisions in all areas of business and government. Nature of statistics Statistics can be described as all of the following: * An academic discipline: one with academic departments, curricula and degrees; national and international societies; and specialized journals. * A scientific field (a branch of science) – widely recognized category of specialized expertise within science, and typically embodies its own terminology and nomenclature. Such a field will usually be represented by one or more scientific journals, where peer reviewed research is published. * A formal science – branch of knowledge concerned with formal systems. * A mathematical science – field of science that is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Operations Research
Operations research ( en-GB, operational research) (U.S. Air Force Specialty Code: Operations Analysis), often shortened to the initialism OR, is a discipline that deals with the development and application of analytical methods to improve decision-making. It is considered to be a subfield of mathematical sciences. The term management science is occasionally used as a synonym. Employing techniques from other mathematical sciences, such as modeling, statistics, and optimization, operations research arrives at optimal or near-optimal solutions to decision-making problems. Because of its emphasis on practical applications, operations research has overlap with many other disciplines, notably industrial engineering. Operations research is often concerned with determining the extreme values of some real-world objective: the maximum (of profit, performance, or yield) or minimum (of loss, risk, or cost). Originating in military efforts before World War II, its techniques have grown to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Outline Of Mathematics
Mathematics is a field of study that investigates topics such as number, space, structure, and change. Philosophy Nature * Definitions of mathematics – Mathematics has no generally accepted definition. Different schools of thought, particularly in philosophy, have put forth radically different definitions, all of which are controversial. * Language of mathematics is the system used by mathematicians to communicate mathematical ideas among themselves, and is distinct from natural languages in that it aims to communicate abstract, logical ideas with precision and unambiguity. * Philosophy of mathematics – its aim is to provide an account of the nature and methodology of mathematics and to understand the place of mathematics in people's lives. :* Classical mathematics refers generally to the mainstream approach to mathematics, which is based on classical logic and ZFC set theory. :* Constructive mathematics asserts that it is necessary to find (or "construct") a mathematical ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Outline Of Geography
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to geography: Geography – study of earth and its people. Nature of geography Geography as * an academic discipline – a body of knowledge given to − or received by − a disciple (student); a branch or sphere of knowledge, or field of study, that an individual has chosen to specialize in. Modern geography is an all-encompassing discipline that seeks to understand the Earth and its human and natural complexities − not merely where objects are, but how they have changed and come to be. Geography has been called 'the world discipline'. * a field of science – widely recognized category of specialized expertise within science, and typically embodies its own terminology and nomenclature. This field will usually be represented by one or more scientific journals, where peer-reviewed research is published. There are many geography-related scientific journals. ** a natural science &ndash ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
