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John Mason (outlaw)
John Mason (18??–April 1866), with Jim Henry, was one of the leaders of the Mason Henry Gang organized by secessionist Judge George Gordon Belt. The group posed as Confederate partisan rangers, but acted as outlaws, committing robberies, thefts and murders in the San Joaquin Valley, Monterey County, Santa Clara County, Santa Cruz County and later in the counties of Southern California. Early life Little is known about John Mason before he joined the Mason Henry Gang. He was Southern-born and a former stage hostler who had reportedly killed several men in altercations. In the spring of 1864 the gang rode from Belt's rancho over to Santa Clara County, a center of Copperhead sympathizers, to recruit more members. They returned without success to the San Joaquin Valley. By October, 1864, with the Presidential election approaching and the Civil War in the East reaching a climax, Mason and Henry's gang quickly deteriorated into brigands but because they called themselves Confederate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tom McCauley
Tom McCauley (1??? – 1865), better known by his alias James Henry or Jim Henry, was one of the many California Gold Rush criminals later a leader of the Mason Henry Gang. Criminal career Tom McCauley, his origins unknown, was one of the criminals in Tuolumne County convicted of murder with his brother Ed McCauley in 1857. Ed was hung on December 11, 1857, and Tom was imprisoned for ten years. He was pardoned in 1861, and as "James Henry" was known to have been in San Diego, Los Angeles, and San Bernardino Counties in 1861–1862. Later he joined an outlaw gang in the San Joaquin Valley until it was broken up by the law. In 1864, now known as "Jim Henry", he was one of the leaders of the Mason Henry Gang organized by secessionist Judge George Gordon Belt, that posed as Confederate partisan rangers but acted as outlaws, committing robberies, thefts and murders in the San Joaquin Valley, Monterey County, Santa Clara County, Santa Cruz County and later in the counties of Souther ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gilroy, California
Gilroy is a city in Northern California's Santa Clara County, south of Morgan Hill and north of San Benito County. Gilroy is the southernmost city in the San Francisco Bay Area, with a population of 56,766 as of the 2019 U.S. Census Projections. Gilroy's origins lie in the village of San Ysidro that grew in the early 19th century out of Rancho San Ysidro, granted to Californio ranchero Ygnacio Ortega in 1809. Following Ygnacio's death in 1833, his daughter Clara Ortega de Gilroy and son-in-law John Gilroy inherited the largest portion of the rancho and began developing the settlement. When the town was incorporated in 1868, it was renamed in honor of John Gilroy, a Scotsman who had emigrated to California in 1814, naturalized as a Mexican citizen, adopted the Spanish language, and converted to Catholicism, taking the name of Juan Bautista Gilroy. Gilroy is known for its garlic crop and the annual Gilroy Garlic Festival, featuring various garlicky foods such as garlic ice cream ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Appomattox Court House
The Battle of Appomattox Court House, fought in Appomattox County, Virginia, on the morning of April 9, 1865, was one of the last battles of the American Civil War (1861–1865). It was the final engagement of Confederate General in Chief, Robert E. Lee, and his Army of Northern Virginia before they surrendered to the Union Army of the Potomac under the Commanding General of the United States Army, Ulysses S. Grant. Lee, having abandoned the Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia after the nine-and-a-half-month Siege of Petersburg and Richmond, retreated west, hoping to join his army with the remaining Confederate forces in North Carolina, the Army of Tennessee under Gen. Joseph E. Johnston. Union infantry and cavalry forces under General Philip Sheridan pursued and cut off the Confederates' retreat at the central Virginia village of Appomattox Court House National Historical Park, Appomattox Court House. Lee launched a last-ditch attack to break through the Union forces to h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diablo Range
The Diablo Range is a mountain range in the California Coast Ranges subdivision of the Pacific Coast Ranges in northern California, United States. It stretches from the eastern San Francisco Bay area at its northern end to the Salinas Valley area at its southern end. Geography The Diablo Range extends from the Carquinez Strait in the north to Orchard Peak and Polonio Pass in the south, near the point where State Route 46 crosses over the Coast Ranges at Cholame, as described by the United States Geological Survey (USGS). It is bordered on the northeast by the San Joaquin River, on the southeast by the San Joaquin Valley, on the southwest by the Salinas River, and on the northwest by the Santa Clara Valley. The USGS designation is somewhat ambiguous north of the Santa Clara Valley, but on USGS maps, the range is shown as the ridgeline which runs between its namesake Mount Diablo southeastward past Mount Hamilton. Geologically, the range corresponds to the California Coast R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1st Battalion Of Native Cavalry, California Volunteers
The 1st Battalion of Native Cavalry, California Volunteers was a cavalry battalion in the Union Army during the American Civil War. Recruits were largely drawn from the Californio population (colloquially known as "Native Californians"), though its ranks included Yaqui and Mission Indians as well as immigrants from Mexico, Hispano America and Europe (particularly France). In addition to its ethnic makeup, the Battalion is also considered unusual for being one of the few lancer units in the United States Army. The Battalion spent its entire term of service in California and Arizona Territory. Commanders * General Andrés Pico received a commission as Major in February 1863, but never formally accepted command of the Battalion, having declined the commission on the ground of sickness and inability to ride on horseback. * Major Salvador Vallejo commanded the Battalion from August 1864 to the following February. * Major John C. Cremony commanded the Battalion from March 24, 1865 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Californio
Californio (plural Californios) is a term used to designate a Hispanic Californian, especially those descended from Spanish and Mexican settlers of the 17th through 19th centuries. California's Spanish-speaking community has resided there since 1683 and is made up of varying Spanish and Mexican origins, including criollos, Mestizos, Indigenous Californian peoples, and small numbers of Mulatos. Alongside the Tejanos of Texas and Neomexicanos of New Mexico and Colorado, Californios are part of the larger Spanish-American/Mexican-American/ Hispano community of the United States, which has inhabited the American Southwest and the West Coast since the 16th century. Some may also identify as Chicanos, a term that came about in the 1960’s. The term ''Californio'' (historical, regional Spanish for 'Californian') was originally applied by and to the Spanish-speaking residents of ''Las Californias'' during the periods of Spanish California and Mexican California, between 1683 and 184 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Camp Low
Camp Low or San Juan Bautista Post, was a military post first established at San Juan Bautista in December 1864 by California Volunteers, in response to the attacks of the Mason Henry Gang in the surrounding area, during the American Civil War. The post was named in honor of the Governor of California Frederick F. Low In December 1864 Major John C. Cremony, marched three companies of California Volunteers under his command into the town of San Juan Bautista. Two were infantry and one was cavalry. They at first bivouacked on the plaza. But soon they made the National Hotel on the plaza their barracks.William N. Abeloe ed., Mildred B. Hoover, Hero. E. Rench, Ethel G. Rench, Historic Spots in California, Third Edition, Stanford University Press, Stanford, 1966, p.311 In February 1865, Company B of the Native Cavalry, California Volunteers arrived from San Francisco at Camp Low under Captain Porfirio Jimeno. On April 12, 1865, Lieutenant John Lafferty and a detachment of Native C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Firebaugh's Ferry
Firebaugh is a city in Fresno County, California, United States, on the west side of the San Joaquin River 38 miles (61 km) west of Fresno. State Route 33 (SR 33) and the San Joaquin Valley Railroad, West Side Subdivision, pass through downtown. A small commercial district features the ubiquitous California Central Valley water tank painted with the city's name. Firebaugh lies at an elevation of 151 feet (46 m). The population was 7,549 at the 2010 census, up from 5,743 as of 2000. Firebaugh hosts an annual Cantaloupe Round-Up Festival in Dunkle Park. The event aims at celebrating the peak harvest of the melon in late July and is an economic boost for local businesses. History The city, formerly Firebaugh's Ferry, is named for Andrew D. Firebaugh (also spelled Fierbaugh, born in Virginia in 1823), an area entrepreneur. During the Gold Rush, Firebaugh's most famous local enterprise was a ferry boat which shuttled people across the San Joaquin River. In 1857, he bui ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Visalia, California
Visalia ( ) is a city in the agricultural San Joaquin Valley of California. The population was 141,384 as per the 2020 census. Visalia is the fifth-largest city in the San Joaquin Valley, the 42nd most populous in California, and 192nd in the United States. As the county seat of Tulare County, Visalia serves as the economic and governmental center to one of the most productive agricultural counties in the country. Yosemite, Sequoia, and Kings Canyon National Parks are located in the nearby Sierra Nevada mountains, the highest mountain range within the contiguous United States. Visalia is west of Sequoia National Park, and south of Fresno. History The area around Visalia was first settled by the Yokuts and Mono Native American tribes hundreds of years ago. When the first Europeans arrived is unknown, but the first to make a written record of the area was Pedro Fages in 1722. When California achieved statehood in 1850, Tulare County did not exist. The land t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Watsonville, California
Watsonville is a city in Santa Cruz County, California, located in the Monterey Bay Area of the Central Coast (California), Central Coast of California. The population was 52,590 according to the 2020 United States Census, 2020 census. Predominantly Latino and Democratic Party (United States), Democratic, Watsonville is a self-designated sanctuary city."Watsonville-Santa Cruz JACL Holds Candlelight Vigil in Observance of Feb. 19," ''Pacific Citizen'', March 10–23, 2017, p. 9. History Watsonville's land was first inhabited by an Ohlone nation of Indigenous Californians. This tribe settled along the Pajaro Dunes since the land was fertile and useful for the cultivation of their plants and animals. Spanish era In 1769, the Portolá expedition - first European explorers of the area - came to the area from the south, where soldiers described a big bird they saw near a large river. The story survived in the river's name, ''Rio del Pajaro'' (River of the Bird). The Portolá exped ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Corralitos, California
Corralitos (Spanish for "Small pens") is a census-designated place (CDP) in Santa Cruz County, California, United States. It is a rural area known for its agriculture of apples and strawberries, and its notable Corralitos Market and Sausage Co. Moreover, its location near the Pacific Ocean optimizes viticulture. The population was 2,326 at the 2010 census. Geography Corralitos is located at (36.991303, -121.802013). It is located on Corralitos Creek, a tributary of Salsipuedes Creek which is in turn the lowest tributary of the Pajaro River. According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , of which, of it is land and 0.16% is water. Demographics 2010 The 2010 United States Census reported that Corralitos had a population of 2,326. The population density was . The racial makeup of Corralitos was 1,980 (85.1%) White, 16 (0.7%) African American, 12 (0.5%) Native American, 48 (2.1%) Asian, 190 (8.2%) from other races, and 79 (3.4%) from two or more r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pacheco Pass
Pacheco Pass, elevation , is a low mountain pass located in the Diablo Range in southeastern Santa Clara County, California. It is the main route through the hills separating the Santa Clara Valley and the Central Valley (California), Central Valley. As with most passes in the California Coast Ranges, it is not very high when compared to those in other mountain areas within the state. The road that traverses Pacheco Pass is California State Route 152, State Route 152, which runs for between Highway 1 (California), SR 1 in Watsonville, California, Watsonville and California State Route 99, SR 99. Pacheco Pass Road, the western section between Gilroy and the pass itself (a distance of approximately 14 miles), is a two-lane highway from Gilroy to the junction with California State Route 156, SR 156 and a four-lane highway over the pass; it has been the site of many accidents. Names The pass was named for Don Francisco Pérez Pacheco, noted Californio ranchero and owner of the Ranc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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