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John I, Count Of Penthièvre
John I (5 February 1345 – 16 January 1404), was Count of Penthièvre and Viscount of Limoges from 1364 to 1404, and the War of the Breton Succession, Penthièvre claimant to the Duchy of Brittany. Biography John was born in Jurgon-les-Lacs in Brittany while his parents, Joan, Duchess of Brittany, Joan of Penthièvre and Charles of Blois,Hereford Brooke George, ''Genealogical Tables Illustrative of Modern History'', (Oxford Clarendon Press, 1875), table XXVI ruled over the duchy of Brittany. Joan arranged to marry John to Margaret, Countess of Pembroke, Margaret, daughter of Edward III of England, but Henry of Grosmont, 1st Duke of Lancaster, an ally of the Montfort of Brittany, Montforts, broke off the negotiations. Edward offered instead Philippa of Lancaster as a wife, but Joan declined. In 1356, John was given to the English as a hostage and he was held at Gloucester Castle under the care of Robert de Vere, Duke of Ireland, Robert de Vere, Duke of Ireland and Earl of Oxfor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Count Of Penthièvre
Count (feminine: countess) is a historical title of nobility in certain European countries, varying in relative status, generally of middling rank in the hierarchy of nobility. Pine, L. G. ''Titles: How the King Became His Majesty''. New York: Barnes & Noble, 1992. p. 73. . The etymologically related English term "county" denoted the territories associated with the countship. Definition The word ''count'' came into English from the French ''comte'', itself from Latin ''comes''—in its accusative ''comitem''—meaning “companion”, and later “companion of the emperor, delegate of the emperor”. The adjective form of the word is "comital". The British and Irish equivalent is an earl (whose wife is a "countess", for lack of an English term). In the late Roman Empire, the Latin title ''comes'' denoted the high rank of various courtiers and provincial officials, either military or administrative: before Anthemius became emperor in the West in 467, he was a military ''come ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert De Vere, Duke Of Ireland
Robert de Vere, Duke of Ireland, KG (16 January 1362 – 22 November 1392) was a favourite and court companion of King Richard II of England. He was the ninth Earl of Oxford and the first and only Duke of Ireland and Marquess of Dublin. He was also the first person to be created a Marquess. Early life Robert de Vere was the only son of Thomas de Vere, 8th Earl of Oxford and Maud de Ufford. He succeeded his father as earl in 1371, and was created Marquess of Dublin in 1385. The next year he was created Duke of Ireland. He was thus the first marquess, and only the second non-princely duke (after Henry of Grosmont, 1st Duke of Lancaster in 1337), in England. King Richard's close friendship with de Vere was disagreeable to the political establishment. This displeasure was exacerbated by the earl's elevation to the new title of Duke of Ireland in 1386. His relationship with King Richard was very close and rumoured by Thomas Walsingham to be homosexual. Robert, Duke of Irela ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles VI Of France
Charles VI (3 December 136821 October 1422), nicknamed the Beloved (french: le Bien-Aimé) and later the Mad (french: le Fol or ''le Fou''), was King of France from 1380 until his death in 1422. He is known for his mental illness and psychotic episodes that plagued him throughout his life. He ascended the throne at the young age of eleven, his father leaving behind a favorable military situation, marked by the reconquest of most of the English possessions in France. First placed under the regency of his uncles, the Dukes of Burgundy, Anjou, Berry, and Bourbon, Charles decided in 1388, aged 20, to emancipate himself. In 1392, while leading a military expedition against the Duchy of Brittany, the king had his first attack of delirium, during which he attacked his own men in the forest of Le Mans. A few months later, following the Bal des Ardents (January 1393) where he narrowly escaped death from burning, Charles was again placed under the regency of his uncles, the dukes of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marguerite, Bâtarde De France
Marguerite de Valois, ''la demoiselle de Belleville'', also known as Marguerite, bâtarde de France (1407 – January 1458), was the illegitimate daughter of King Charles the Mad and his beloved mistress Odette de Champdivers. Marguerite was legitimated in January 1428 by Charles VII of France, her half-brother. He gave her a very ample dowry and married her on 3 May 1428 in Poitou to Jean III de Harpedenne (also spelled ''Harpedanne'', ''Harpedane'', ''Harpedène'', etc.), Seigneur of Belleville and Montaigu, son of Jean II de Harpedenne and his wife Jeanne de Mussidan. Some sources claim that she was married under the name of ''Marguerite de Falots''. Descendants Claude de Belleville, the last known of their descendants, was killed in the Battle of Coutras on 20 October 1587 during the reign of Henry III of France. The poet Jacques Bereau wrote his epitaph An epitaph (; ) is a short text honoring a deceased person. Strictly speaking, it refers to text that is inscri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicole, Countess Of Penthièvre
Nicole (c. 1424after 3 January 1480) was Countess of Penthièvre from 1454 until her death. Biography Nicole was the daughter of Charles, Seigneur d'Avaugour, and Isabeau de Vivonne. Her father was the third son of John I, Count of Penthièvre, son of Charles of Blois and Joan, Duchess of Brittany, but he died in 1434. When her elder uncles, Olivier and John II died, she succeeded to the county of Penthièvre as primogeniture heir. With her succession, she also inherited the Penthièvre claim to the Breton ducal throne. On 3 January 1480, she sold her rights to Brittany to Louis XI of France for 50,000 ''livres''. Family Nicole married on 18 June 1437 Jean II de Brosse (1423 – 1482), with whom she had: * Jean III de Brosse (died 1502), her successor * Antoine, married Jeanne de La Praye * Pauline de Brosse, married John II, Count of Nevers * Claudine de Brosse (1450–1513), married Philip II, Duke of Savoy * Bernarde of Brosse, married William VIII, Marquess of Montf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constable Of France
The Constable of France (french: Connétable de France, from Latin for 'count of the stables') was lieutenant to the King of France, the first of the original five Great Officers of the Crown (along with seneschal, chamberlain, butler, and chancellor) and the commander-in-chief of the Royal Army. He was, at least on paper, the highest-ranking member of the French nobility. The was also responsible for military justice and served to regulate the Chivalry. His jurisdiction was called the Constabulary (; or in modern French orthography which sticks closer to the correct pronunciation: ). The office was established by King Philip I in 1060 AD, with Alberic becoming the first Constable. The office was abolished in 1627, with an edict, by Cardinal Richelieu, upon the death of , in order to strengthen the immediate authority of the King over his army. The position was officially replaced by the purely ceremonial title "Dean of Marshals" (), who was in fact the most senior " ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marguerite De Clisson
Marguerite may refer to: People * Marguerite (given name), including a list of people with the name Places *Marguerite, Pennsylvania, an unincorporated community *Marguerite Bay, Antarctic Peninsula * Marguerite Island, Adélie Land, Antarctica Entertainment * ''Marguerite'' (musical), a 2008 West End musical by Michel Legrand *"Margueritte", a song by Oregon from the album ''Winter Light'' * ''Marguerite'' (2015 film), a French film * ''Marguerite'' (2017 film), a Canadian film Ships *, a United States Navy patrol vessel in commission from 1917 to 1919 *, another United States Navy patrol vessel in commission from 1917 and 1919; renamed ''SP-892'' in 1918 to avoid confusion *, a Royal Navy sloop transferred to the Royal Australian Navy in 1920 * ''Marguerite'' (ship), a French cargo ship launched in 1912, sunk by a U-boat in 1917 Plants *'' Argyranthemum'', a genus of plants in the daisy family, especially '' A. frutescens'' *Garden marguerites, a group of hybrids derive ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guy II, Count Of Blois
Guy II of Châtillon, Count of Blois (died 22 December 1397), the youngest son of Louis I of Châtillon and Joan of Avesnes, was Count of Blois and Soissons, and lord of Avesnes, Schoonhoven, and Gouda 1381–1397, and lord of Beaumont and Chimay. In 1360, he was one of the hostages sent to the Kingdom of England by the terms of the Treaty of Brétigny. He was eventually ransomed by the sale of Soissons and was released on 15 August 1367. He was knighted in 1370 while crusading with the Teutonic Knights in Lithuania. In 1374 he married Marie, daughter of William I, Marquis of Namur, and they had one son: * Louis III of Châtillon (d. 1391) Thereafter he joined in the wars of king Charles VI, and commanded the rearguard at the Battle of Roosebeke. The death of his only son in 1391 prompted him to sell the inheritance of the County of Blois to Louis of Valois, Duke of Orléans. He was for some time the patron of Jean Froissart Jean Froissart (Old and Middle French: ''Jeh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
County Of Flanders
The County of Flanders was a historic territory in the Low Countries. From 862 onwards, the counts of Flanders were among the original twelve peers of the Kingdom of France. For centuries, their estates around the cities of Ghent, Bruges and Ypres formed one of the most affluent regions in Europe. Up to 1477, the area under French suzerainty was west of the Scheldt and was called "Royal Flanders" (Dutch: ''Kroon-Vlaanderen'', French: ''Flandre royale''). Aside from this, the counts, from the 11th century onward, held land east of the river as a fief of the Holy Roman Empire: "Imperial Flanders" (''Rijks-Vlaanderen'' or ''Flandre impériale''). Part of the Burgundian Netherlands from 1384, which had a complex relation with France, the whole county fell to the Empire after the Peace of Madrid in 1526 and the Peace of the Ladies in 1529. Having already regained much, by 1795, the rest – within the Austrian Netherlands – was acquired likewise by France under the Fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lord Of Avesnes
The Avesnes family played an important role during the Middle Ages. The family has its roots in the small village Avesnes-sur-Helpe, in the north of France. One branch produced a number of Counts of Holland during the 13th century. The family died out in the 16th century. Origin of the House: feud between Dampierre and Avesnes Baldwin, the first emperor of the Latin Empire of Constantinople, was as Baldwin IX Count of Flanders and as Baldwin VI Count of Hainaut. Baldwin had only daughters and was in turn succeeded by his daughters Joan (reigned 1205–1244) and Margaret II (reigned 1244–1280). In 1212 Margaret II married Bouchard d'Avesnes, a prominent Hainaut nobleman. This was apparently a love match, though it was approved by Margaret's sister Joan, who had herself recently married. The two sisters subsequently had a falling-out over Margaret's share of their inheritance, which led Joan to attempt to get Margaret's marriage dissolved. She alleged that the marriage wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tours
Tours ( , ) is one of the largest cities in the region of Centre-Val de Loire, France. It is the prefecture of the department of Indre-et-Loire. The commune of Tours had 136,463 inhabitants as of 2018 while the population of the whole metropolitan area was 516,973. Tours sits on the lower reaches of the Loire, between Orléans and the Atlantic coast. Formerly named Caesarodunum by its founder, Roman Emperor Augustus, it possesses one of the largest amphitheaters of the Roman Empire, the Tours Amphitheatre. Known for the Battle of Tours in 732 AD, it is a National Sanctuary with connections to the Merovingians and the Carolingians, with the Capetians making the kingdom's currency the Livre tournois. Saint Martin, Gregory of Tours and Alcuin were all from Tours. Tours was once part of Touraine, a former province of France. Tours was the first city of the silk industry. It was wanted by Louis XI, royal capital under the Valois Kings with its Loire castles and city ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John IV, Duke Of Brittany
John IV the Conqueror KG (in Breton Yann IV, in French Jean IV, and traditionally in English sources both John of Montfort and John V) (1339 – 1 November 1399), was Duke of Brittany and Count of Montfort from 1345 until his death and 7th Earl of Richmond from 1372 until his death. Ordinal number He was the son of John of Montfort and Joanna of Flanders. His father claimed the title Duke of Brittany, but was largely unable to enforce his claim for more than a brief period. Because his father's claim to the title was disputed, with only the English king recognising it, the subject of this article is often numbered in French sources as "John IV" and his father as simply "John of Montfort" (''Jean de Montfort''), while in English sources he is known as "John V". However, the epithet of "The Conqueror" makes his identity unambiguous. Conquest The first part of his rule was tainted by the Breton War of Succession, fought by his father against his cousin Joanna of Penthièvre an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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