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Johann Cornies
Johann(es) Cornies (20 June 1789 – 13 March 1848) was a Prussian Mennonite settler in the Russian Empire, who became an important agricultural and architectural reformer for the Mennonites, Hutterites and other minorities in the Russian Empire. Personal life Cornies was born in the Vistula delta Mennonite settlement of Bärwalde ''(Niedźwiedzica)'', near Danzig (Gdańsk) in West Prussia. He was a son of Johann Cornies (born in Mühlhausen, East Prussia) and Aganetha Cornies. He had 3 brothers; Peter Cornies (1791-1840s), David Cornies (1794-1850s), and Heinrich Cornies (1806-?). In 1804, his family moved to Molotschna, a Mennonite settlement in what is now Ukraine, but then was part of the Russian Empire. He married Agnes Klassen (1792-1840s), and they had a son and a daughter named after each of them. He died at Orloff, a village in the Molotschna colony. Agricultural reformer Cornies was the first president of ''The Agricultural Improvement Society'', an Odessa-based ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prussian
Prussia, , Old Prussian: ''Prūsa'' or ''Prūsija'' was a German state on the southeast coast of the Baltic Sea. It formed the German Empire under Prussian rule when it united the German states in 1871. It was ''de facto'' dissolved by an emergency decree transferring powers of the Prussian government to German Chancellor Franz von Papen in 1932 and ''de jure'' by an Allied decree in 1947. For centuries, the House of Hohenzollern ruled Prussia, expanding its size with the Prussian Army. Prussia, with its capital at Königsberg and then, when it became the Kingdom of Prussia in 1701, Berlin, decisively shaped the history of Germany. In 1871, Prussian Minister-President Otto von Bismarck united most German principalities into the German Empire under his leadership, although this was considered to be a "Lesser Germany" because Austria and Switzerland were not included. In November 1918, the monarchies were abolished and the nobility lost its political power during the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crop Rotation
Crop rotation is the practice of growing a series of different types of crops in the same area across a sequence of growing seasons. It reduces reliance on one set of nutrients, pest and weed pressure, and the probability of developing resistant pests and weeds. Growing the same crop in the same place for many years in a row, known as monocropping, gradually depletes the soil of certain nutrients and selects for a highly competitive pest and weed community. Without balancing nutrient use and diversifying pest and weed communities, the productivity of monocultures is highly dependent on external inputs. Conversely, a well-designed crop rotation can reduce the need for synthetic fertilizers and herbicides by better using ecosystem services from a diverse set of crops. Additionally, crop rotations can improve soil structure and organic matter, which reduces erosion and increases farm system resilience. History Agriculturalists have long recognized that suitable rotations — such ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cornelius Krahn
Cornelius may refer to: People * Cornelius (name), Roman family name and a masculine given name * Pope Cornelius, pope from AD 251 to 253 * St. Cornelius (other), multiple saints * Cornelius (musician), stage name of Keigo Oyamada * Metropolitan Cornelius (other), several people * Cornelius the Centurion, Roman centurion considered by Christians to be the first Gentile to convert to the Christian faith Places in the United States * Cornelius, Indiana * Cornelius, Kentucky * Cornelius, North Carolina * Cornelius, Oregon Other uses * Cornelius keg, a metal container originally used by the soft drink industry * ''Adam E. Cornelius'' (ship, 1973), a lake freighter built for the American Steamship Company * ''Cornelius'', a play by John Boynton Priestley See also * * * Cornelius House (other) * Cornelia (other) * Corneliu (other) * Cornelis (other) Cornelis is a Dutch form of the male given name Cornelius. Some common shor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dukhobors
The Doukhobours or Dukhobors (russian: духоборы / духоборцы, dukhobory / dukhobortsy; ) are a Spiritual Christian ethnoreligious group of Russian origin. They are one of many non-Orthodox ethno-confessional faiths in Russia and are often categorized as "folk-Protestants", Spiritual Christians, sectarians, and heretics. Doukhobours are pacifist Christians who lived in their own villages, rejected personal materialism, worked together, and developed a tradition of oral history, memorizing, hymn-singing, and verse. Before 1886, the Doukhobors had a series of single leaders. The origin of the Doukhobors is uncertain; they first appear in first written records from 1701, although some scholars suspect the group has earlier origins. Doukhobors reject the Russian Orthodox priesthood, the use of icons, and all associated church rituals. Doukhobors believe the Bible alone is not enough to reach divine revelation and that doctrinal conflicts can interfere with their f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Molokans
The Molokans ( rus, молокан, p=məlɐˈkan or , "dairy-eater") are a Spiritual Christian sect that evolved from Eastern Orthodoxy in the East Slavic lands. Their traditions—especially dairy consumption during Christian fasts—did not conform to those of the Russian Orthodox Church, and they were regarded as heretics (''sektanty''). The term ''Molokan'' is an exonym used by their Orthodox neighbors; they tend to identify themselves as Spiritual Christians (духовные христиане: ''dukhovnye khristiane''). There are almost as many different ways among Molokans as there are Molokans. Some built chapels for worship, kept sacraments, and revered saints and icons, while others (like Ikonobortsy, "icon-wrestlers") discarded these practices in the pursuit of individual approaches to scripture. In general, they rejected the institutionalized formalism of Orthodoxy and denominations with similar doctrines in favor of more emphasis on "Original Christianity" as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johannesruh
Dolynske is a village in Melitopol Raion, Zaporizhia Oblast, Ukraine, some 20 km west of Melitopol. It was originally a Hutterite village and until 1945 was known as Johannesruh or Johannesruhe. The village was founded in 1852/3 by 17 Hutterites families from Hutterthal, some 4 km south of the new village. It was named after Johann Cornies, who had helped the Hutterites to relocate from Radichev. In 1857 some 35 Hutterite families under the leadership of Georg Waldner (1794–1857) left Johannesruh and moved to Hutterdorf, where they had purchased 1,500 desiatinas of land to reestablish communal living. In 1877 the German inhabitants of Johannesruh migrated to the United States.John A. Hostetler John A. Hostetler (October 29, 1918 – August 8, 2001) was an American author, educator, and scholar of Amish and Hutterite societies. Some of his works are still in print. Life John Andrew Hostetler was born to an Old Order Amish family in the ...: ''Hutterite Society'', ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hutterthal
Kyrpychne is a village in Melitopol Raion, Zaporizhia Oblast, Ukraine, 20 km from Melitopol. Until 1945 it was known as Hutterthal also spelled Huttertal. It was founded in 1842/3 as a Hutterite village. Johann Cornies, who had leased the tract of steppe-land on which Hutterthal was founded, helped the Hutterites to get a credit of 15,000 rubles and the grain necessary for the winter from the Russian crown. Every family got a piece of land of 65 desiatinas. The settlement prospered from the beginning and by 1846 the entire credit had been paid off. In the 1870s the Hutterites left Russia for the United States and the village was resettled by Lutheran Lutheranism is one of the largest branches of Protestantism, identifying primarily with the theology of Martin Luther, the 16th-century German monk and reformer whose efforts to reform the theology and practice of the Catholic Church launched th ... Germans. When the Hutterites settled at Hutterthal in 1842 they numbered 384 p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Radychiv
Radychiv (Ukrainian Радичів; German: Raditschew; English, connected with the Hutterites: Radichev) is a small village in Novhorod-Siverskyi Raion, Chernihiv Oblast, Ukraine. The population is about 800 people. The village is located on the right bank of the Desna River. It belongs to Ponornytsia urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. The village played an important role in the history of the Hutterites, because all Hutterite, leaving Vishenka, lived there from 1802 to 1842. Until 18 July 2020, Radychiv belonged to Korop Raion Korop Raion ( uk, Коропський район) was a raion (district) of Chernihiv Oblast, northern Ukraine. Its administrative centre was located at the urban-type settlement of Korop. The raion was abolished on 18 July 2020 as part of the .... The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Chernihiv Oblast to five. The area of Korop Raion was merged into No ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hutterites
Hutterites (german: link=no, Hutterer), also called Hutterian Brethren (German: ), are a communal ethnoreligious group, ethnoreligious branch of Anabaptism, Anabaptists, who, like the Amish and Mennonites, trace their roots to the Radical Reformation of the early 16th century and have formed intentional communities. The founder of the Hutterites, Jacob Hutter, "established the Hutterite colonies on the basis of the Schleitheim Confession, a classic Anabaptist statement of faith" of 1527, and the first communes were formed in 1528. Since the death of Hutter in 1536, the beliefs of the Hutterites, especially those espousing a community of goods and nonresistance, have resulted in hundreds of years of diaspora in many countries. The Hutterites embarked on a series of migrations through central and eastern Europe. Nearly extinct by the 18th century, they migrated to Russian Empire, Russia in 1770 and about a hundred years later to North America. Over the course of 140 years, their p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Merino
The Merino is a breed or group of breeds of domestic sheep, characterised by very fine soft wool. It was established in Spain near the end of the Middle Ages, and was for several centuries kept as a strict Spanish monopoly; exports of the breed were not allowed, and those who tried risked the death penalty. During the eighteenth century, flocks were sent to the courts of a number of European countries, including France (where they developed into the Rambouillet), Hungary, the Netherlands, Prussia, Saxony, Estonia, Livonia and Sweden. The Merino subsequently spread to many parts of the world, including South Africa, Australia, and New Zealand. Numerous recognised breeds, strains and variants have developed from the original type; these include, among others, the American Merino and Delaine Merino in the Americas, the Australian Merino, Booroola Merino and Peppin Merino in Oceania, the Gentile di Puglia, Merinolandschaf and Rambouillet in Europe. The Australian Poll Merino is a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander II Of Russia
Alexander II ( rus, Алекса́ндр II Никола́евич, Aleksándr II Nikoláyevich, p=ɐlʲɪˈksandr ftɐˈroj nʲɪkɐˈlajɪvʲɪtɕ; 29 April 181813 March 1881) was Emperor of Russia, Congress Poland, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Finland from 2 March 1855 until Assassination of Alexander II of Russia, his assassination in 1881. Alexander's most significant reform as emperor was the emancipation reform of 1861, emancipation of Serfdom in Russia, Russia's serfs in 1861, for which he is known as Alexander the Liberator ( rus, Алекса́ндр Освободи́тель, r=Aleksándr Osvobodytel, p=ɐlʲɪˈksandr ɐsvəbɐˈdʲitʲɪlʲ). The tsar was responsible for other reforms, including reorganizing the judicial system, setting up elected local judges, abolishing corporal punishment, promoting local self-government through the ''zemstvo'' system, imposing universal military service, ending some privileges of the nobility, and promoting university e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander I Of Russia
Alexander I (; – ) was Emperor of Russia from 1801, the first King of Congress Poland from 1815, and the Grand Duke of Finland from 1809 to his death. He was the eldest son of Emperor Paul I and Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg. The son of Grand Duke Paul Petrovich, later Paul I, Alexander succeeded to the throne after his father was murdered. He ruled Russia during the chaotic period of the Napoleonic Wars. As prince and during the early years of his reign, Alexander often used liberal rhetoric, but continued Russia's absolutist policies in practice. In the first years of his reign, he initiated some minor social reforms and (in 1803–04) major liberal educational reforms, such as building more universities. Alexander appointed Mikhail Speransky, the son of a village priest, as one of his closest advisors. The Collegia were abolished and replaced by the State Council, which was created to improve legislation. Plans were also made to set up a parliament and sign a constitu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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