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Jellyella Tuberculata
''Jellyella'' is a genus of bryozoans in the family Membraniporidae. Etymology The genus is named in honour of the Eliza Catherine Jelly (1829–1914), of Cornwall, England in honour of her contributions to the study of bryozoans. Morphology ''Jellyella'' closely resemble ''Membranipora'', and in common with other members of the family Membraniporidae has twinned ancestrular zooids. However, ''Jellyella'' can be distinguished by the presence of intricately branched processes (called spinules) projecting into the zooidal chambers. ''Jellyella'' also have a calcitic skeletal ultrastructure made up of transversely arranged, elongate spindles. Ecology ''Jellyella'' is unusual in being a pseudoplanktonic bryozoan found encrusting floating objects, both natural and artificial. ''Jellyella eburnea'' is common on shells of the squid ''Spirula'' (which become detached from the soft body of the squid after death) and on the shells of the planktonic gastropod ''Janthina''. ''Jellyella ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spirula
''Spirula spirula'' is a species of deep-water squid-like cephalopod mollusc, mollusk. It is the only extant taxon, extant member of the genus ''Spirula'', the Family (biology), family Spirulidae, and the order (biology), order Spirulida. Because of the shape of its internal shell, it is commonly known as the ram's horn squid or the little post horn squid. Because the live animal has a light-emitting organ, it is also sometimes known as the tail-light squid. Live specimens of this cephalopod are very rarely seen because it is a deep-ocean dweller. The small internal shell of the species is, however, quite a familiar object to many beachcombing, beachcombers. The shell of ''Spirula'' is extremely light in weight, very buoyant, and surprisingly durable; it very commonly floats ashore onto tropical beaches (and sometimes even temperate beaches) all over the world. This seashell is known to Conchology, shell collectors as the ram's horn shell or simply as ''Spirula''. Description ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gastropod
The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. There are many thousands of species of sea snails and slugs, as well as freshwater snails, freshwater limpets, and land snails and slugs. The class Gastropoda contains a vast total of named species, second only to the insects in overall number. The fossil history of this class goes back to the Late Cambrian. , 721 families of gastropods are known, of which 245 are extinct and appear only in the fossil record, while 476 are currently extant with or without a fossil record. Gastropoda (previously known as univalves and sometimes spelled "Gasteropoda") are a major part of the phylum Mollusca, and are the most highly diversified class in the phylum, with 65,000 to 80,000 living snail and slug species. The anatomy, behavior, feeding, and re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jellyella Tuberculata
''Jellyella'' is a genus of bryozoans in the family Membraniporidae. Etymology The genus is named in honour of the Eliza Catherine Jelly (1829–1914), of Cornwall, England in honour of her contributions to the study of bryozoans. Morphology ''Jellyella'' closely resemble ''Membranipora'', and in common with other members of the family Membraniporidae has twinned ancestrular zooids. However, ''Jellyella'' can be distinguished by the presence of intricately branched processes (called spinules) projecting into the zooidal chambers. ''Jellyella'' also have a calcitic skeletal ultrastructure made up of transversely arranged, elongate spindles. Ecology ''Jellyella'' is unusual in being a pseudoplanktonic bryozoan found encrusting floating objects, both natural and artificial. ''Jellyella eburnea'' is common on shells of the squid ''Spirula'' (which become detached from the soft body of the squid after death) and on the shells of the planktonic gastropod ''Janthina''. ''Jellyella ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jellyella Eburnea
''Jellyella'' is a genus of bryozoans in the family Membraniporidae. Etymology The genus is named in honour of the Eliza Catherine Jelly (1829–1914), of Cornwall, England in honour of her contributions to the study of bryozoans. Morphology ''Jellyella'' closely resemble ''Membranipora'', and in common with other members of the family Membraniporidae has twinned ancestrular zooids. However, ''Jellyella'' can be distinguished by the presence of intricately branched processes (called spinules) projecting into the zooidal chambers. ''Jellyella'' also have a calcitic skeletal ultrastructure made up of transversely arranged, elongate spindles. Ecology ''Jellyella'' is unusual in being a pseudoplanktonic bryozoan found encrusting floating objects, both natural and artificial. ''Jellyella eburnea'' is common on shells of the squid ''Spirula'' (which become detached from the soft body of the squid after death) and on the shells of the planktonic gastropod ''Janthina''. ''Jellyella ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kelp
Kelps are large brown algae seaweeds that make up the order Laminariales. There are about 30 different genera. Despite its appearance, kelp is not a plant - it is a heterokont, a completely unrelated group of organisms. Kelp grows in "underwater forests" (kelp forests) in shallow oceans, and is thought to have appeared in the Miocene, 5 to 23 million years ago. The organisms require nutrient-rich water with temperatures between . They are known for their high growth rate—the genera ''Macrocystis'' and '' Nereocystis'' can grow as fast as half a metre a day, ultimately reaching .Thomas, D. 2002. ''Seaweeds.'' The Natural History Museum, London, p. 15. Through the 19th century, the word "kelp" was closely associated with seaweeds that could be burned to obtain soda ash (primarily sodium carbonate). The seaweeds used included species from both the orders Laminariales and Fucales. The word "kelp" was also used directly to refer to these processed ashes. Description In most kelp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benthic
The benthic zone is the ecological region at the lowest level of a body of water such as an ocean, lake, or stream, including the sediment surface and some sub-surface layers. The name comes from ancient Greek, βÎνθος (bĂ©nthos), meaning "the depths." Organisms living in this zone are called benthos and include microorganisms (e.g., bacteria and fungi) as well as larger invertebrates, such as crustaceans and polychaetes. Organisms here generally live in close relationship with the substrate and many are permanently attached to the bottom. The benthic boundary layer, which includes the bottom layer of water and the uppermost layer of sediment directly influenced by the overlying water, is an integral part of the benthic zone, as it greatly influences the biological activity that takes place there. Examples of contact soil layers include sand bottoms, rocky outcrops, coral, and bay mud. Description Oceans The benthic region of the ocean begins at the shore line (intertidal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Corambe
''Corambe'' is a genus of sea slugs, dorid nudibranchs, marine gastropod molluscs in family Corambidae within the superfamily Onchidoridoidea.Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2016). Corambe Bergh, 1869. In: MolluscaBase (2016). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=137839 on 2016-05-21 Species in this genus show a characteristic posterior notch in the notum The notum (plural nota) is the dorsal portion of an insect's thoracic segment, or the dorsal surface of the body of nudibranch gastropods. The word "notum" is always applied to dorsal structures; in other words structures that are part of the back ... (which is lacking in some taxa) and a characteristic gill morphology, especially the presence of ventral gills. Habitat These nudibranchs occur in littoral and sublittoral temperate waters of the northern and southern hemispheres. General description They are mostly small (between 5 and 10 mm) and rather ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crazed Nudibranch
The crazed nudibranch, ''Corambe'' sp., as designated by Gosliner, 1987, is a species of sea slug, a dorid nudibranch, a marine gastropod mollusc in the superfamily Onchidoridoidea. It is also known as the moss animal nudibranch because its usual prey is a bryozoan, or moss animal. As at November 2009, it remained undescribed by science. Distribution This species is probably endemic to the South African coast and is found off the western shore of False Bay in 10–20 m of water. Description The crazed nudibranch is a very small (less than 10mm) round nudibranch, which is extremely well camouflaged to match the bryozoan it preys on. Its rhinophores and gills are hardly visible and its body is covered with opaque lines.Zsilavecz, G. (2007). ''Nudibranchs of the Cape Peninsula and False Bay''. Ecology The crazed nudibranch feeds on the rectangular membranous lace animal In Euclidean geometry, Euclidean plane geometry, a rectangle is a quadrilateral with four right angles. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sargassum
''Sargassum'' is a genus of brown (class Phaeophyceae) macroalgae (seaweed) in the order Fucales. Numerous species are distributed throughout the temperate and tropical oceans of the world, where they generally inhabit shallow water and coral reefs, and the genus is widely known for its planktonic (free-floating) species. Most species within the class Phaeophyceae are predominantly cold-water organisms that benefit from nutrients upwelling, but the genus ''Sargassum'' appears to be an exception. Any number of the normally benthic species may take on a planktonic, often pelagic existence after being removed from reefs during rough weather; however, two species (''S. natans'' and ''S. fluitans'') have become holopelagic—reproducing vegetatively and never attaching to the seafloor during their lifecycles. The Atlantic Ocean's Sargasso Sea was named after the algae, as it hosts a large amount of ''Sargassum''. History ''Sargassum'' was named by the Portuguese sailors who found it i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alga
Algae (; singular alga ) is an informal term for a large and diverse group of photosynthetic eukaryotic organisms. It is a polyphyletic grouping that includes species from multiple distinct clades. Included organisms range from unicellular microalgae, such as ''Chlorella,'' ''Prototheca'' and the diatoms, to multicellular forms, such as the giant kelp, a large brown alga which may grow up to in length. Most are aquatic and autotrophic (they generate food internally) and lack many of the distinct cell and tissue types, such as stomata, xylem and phloem that are found in land plants. The largest and most complex marine algae are called seaweeds, while the most complex freshwater forms are the ''Charophyta'', a division of green algae which includes, for example, ''Spirogyra'' and stoneworts. No definition of algae is generally accepted. One definition is that algae "have chlorophyll ''a'' as their primary photosynthetic pigment and lack a sterile covering of cells around t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Janthina
''Janthina'' is a genus of small to medium-sized pelagic or planktonic sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Epitoniidae.Gofas, S. (2011). Janthina Röding, 1798. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=138092 on 2011-11-01 Distribution Species in this genus occur worldwide in tropical, subtropical and warm seas. Description These snails are pelagic and live at the surface of the ocean. Adult snails may not be capable of swimming, and die when they are detached from their rafts; ''Janthina janthina'' larvae, however, actively swim in the water column. The adult snails prey upon (and live near to) one of several species of pelagic animals loosely known as jellyfish. More specifically they eat the medusae of free-swimming Cnidaria, in particular the genus known as "by-the-wind sailors", ''Velella''. The snails are able to float securely because they create a raft of clear chitin around air bubbles ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudoplanktonic
Pseudoplanktonic organisms are those that attach themselves to planktonic organisms or other floating objects, such as drifting wood, buoyant shells of organisms such as ''Spirula'', or man-made flotsam. Examples include goose barnacles and the bryozoan ''Jellyella''. By themselves these animals cannot float, which contrasts them with true planktonic organisms, such as ''Velella'' and the Portuguese Man o' War The Portuguese man o' war (''Physalia physalis''), also known as the man-of-war, is a marine hydrozoan found in the Atlantic Ocean and the Indian Ocean. It is considered to be the same species as the Pacific man o' war or blue bottle, which is ..., which are buoyant. Pseudoplankton are often found in the guts of filtering zooplankters. References Biological oceanography {{ocean-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
