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Jean-Louis Léonard
Jean-Louis Léonard (; born 24 July 1950 in Besançon (Doubs) is a French politician and a member of the Union for a Popular Movement (UMP). A Mayor (France), mayor of Châtelaillon-Plage from 1984 to 1995 and again since 1996, he has been a 16th vice-president of the Agglomeration community of La Rochelle since March 2008. A former municipal councillor of La Rochelle (1995-1996), he represented two constituencies in the National Assembly of France : Charente-Maritime's 1st constituency (1993−1997) and Charente-Maritime's 2nd constituency (2002−2012). Political career (1983−present) Local elections Successful implantation: Châtelaillon-Plage and canton of Aytré Engineer by profession, Jean-Louis Léonard began his political career on the occasion of the 1983 French municipal elections, 1983 municipal elections. A member of the Rally for the Republic (RPR), he became a deputy mayor of Châtelaillon-Plage. In 1984, he succeeded the then Mayor (France), mayor Paul Michau ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Assembly Of France
The National Assembly (french: link=no, italics=set, Assemblée nationale; ) is the lower house of the bicameral French Parliament under the Fifth Republic, the upper house being the Senate (). The National Assembly's legislators are known as (), meaning "delegate" or "envoy" in English; etymologically, it is a cognate of the English word ''deputy'', which is the standard term for legislators in many parliamentary systems). There are 577 , each elected by a single-member constituency (at least one per department) through a two-round system; thus, 289 seats are required for a majority. The president of the National Assembly, Yaël Braun-Pivet, presides over the body. The officeholder is usually a member of the largest party represented, assisted by vice presidents from across the represented political spectrum. The National Assembly's term is five years; however, the President of France may dissolve the Assembly, thereby calling for new elections, unless it has been dissolv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1983 French Municipal Elections
Municipal elections were held in France on 6 and 13 March 1983. President François Mitterrand and leader of the Socialist Party held power since May 1981. The left-wing coalition of the Socialists and Communists, in power for only two years, was defeated in the 1983 local elections by the RPR- UDF right-wing opposition. Voter disillusionment with Pierre Mauroy government's ''tournant de la rigueur'' ("austerity turn") played a key role in the defeat. The Communists lost Saint-Étienne and Reims, while the PS lost Tourcoing, Grenoble, and Roubaix. They narrowly held Marseille (with Gaston Defferre) against Jean-Claude Gaudin (UDF). In Paris, RPR Leader Jacques Chirac was easily re-elected, sweeping all arrondissements. Sources * Locals 1983E-P Locals {{French local elections 1983 The year 1983 saw both the official beginning of the Internet and the first mobile cellular telephone call. Events January * January 1 – The migration of the ARPANET to Internet protocol sui ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1997 French Legislative Election
A French legislative election took place on 25 May and 1 June 1997 to elect the 11th National Assembly of the French Fifth Republic. It was the consequence of President Jacques Chirac's decision to call the legislative election one year before the deadline. In March 1993, the right won a large victory in the legislative election and a comfortable parliamentary majority. Two years later, the RPR leader Jacques Chirac was elected President of France promising to reduce the "social fracture". However, the programme of welfare reforms ("Plan Juppé") proposed by his Prime Minister Alain Juppé caused a social crisis in November and December 1995. The popularity of the executive duo decreased. In spring 1997, President Chirac tried to take the left-wing opposition by surprise by dissolving the National Assembly. The first opinion polls indicated a re-election of the right-wing majority. The "Plural Left" coalition, composed of the Socialists, the Communists, the Greens, the Citi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constituency (France)
France is divided into 577 constituencies (''circonscriptions'') for the election of deputies to the lower legislative House, the National Assembly (539 in Metropolitan France, 27 in the overseas departments and territories, and 11 for French residents overseas). Deputies are elected in a two round system to a term fixed to a maximum of five years. In 2010, a new set of constituency boundaries was adopted, with the dual purpose of ensuring a more equal number of voters per constituency, and of providing seats in the National Assembly to representatives of French citizens resident outside France. 33 constituencies were abolished, and 33 new ones created. Of the latter, 17 are in metropolitan France, five are in overseas France, while the rest of the world was divided into 11 constituencies for French residents overseas. These new constituencies were contested for the first time in the National Assembly elections of June 2012. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1995 French Municipal Elections
Municipal elections were held in France on 11 and 18 June 1995, more or less than one month after Jacques Chirac's election. The far-right National Front (France), National Front elected 3 mayors in Provence: Toulon, Orange, Vaucluse, Orange, Marignane. It was the first time the far-right led an executive alone. In other races, Jean Tiberi (Rally for the Republic, RPR) succeeded Jacques Chirac as Mayor of Paris. In Marseille, the Republican Party (France), UDF-Republican Jean-Claude Gaudin succeeded the socialist Gaston Defferre. In Lyon, former Union for French Democracy, UDF Prime Minister Raymond Barre succeeded to another right-wing incumbent mayor. Results Sources *:fr:Élections municipales françaises de 1995, Locals 1995 {{French local elections Municipal elections in France, 1995 1995 elections in France ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1993 French Legislative Election
French legislative elections took place on 21 and 28 March 1993 to elect the tenth National Assembly of the Fifth Republic. Since 1988, President François Mitterrand and his Socialist cabinets had relied on a relative parliamentary majority. In an attempt to avoid having to work with the Communists, Prime Minister Michel Rocard tried to gain support from the UDF by appointing four UDF ministers. After the UDF withdrew its support for the government in 1991, Rocard and the UDF ministers resigned. The UDF then became allied with the Gaullist Rally for the Republic (RPR). The Socialist Party (PS) was further weakened by scandals (involving illicit financing, contaminated blood and other affairs) and an intense rivalry between François Mitterrand's potential successors (Lionel Jospin and Laurent Fabius). In March 1992, the Socialists were punished at the local elections. Prime Minister Édith Cresson was replaced by Pierre Bérégovoy. The latter promised to fight against econom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cumul Des Mandats
A dual mandate is the practice in which elected officials serve in more than one elected or other public position simultaneously. This practice is sometimes known as double jobbing in Britain and ''cumul des mandats'' in France; not to be confused with ''double dipping'' in the United States (e.g. being employed by and receiving a retirement pension from the same public authority at the same time). Thus, if someone who is already mayor of a town or city councillor becomes elected as MP or senator at the national or state legislature and retains both positions, this is a dual mandate. Political and legal approaches toward dual mandate-holding vary widely. In some countries, dual mandates are a well-established part of the political culture; in others they may be prohibited by law. For example, in federal states, federal office holders are often not permitted to hold state office. In most states, membership of an independent judiciary or civil service generally disqualifies a per ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2001 French Cantonal Elections
Cantonal elections to elect half the membership of the general councils of France's 100 departments were held on 11 and 18 March 2001. While the left did poorly in the municipal elections held on the same dates, it emerged as the overall winner in the cantonal elections, gaining control of six departments and losing that of just one. Electoral system The cantonal elections use a two-round system similar to that employed in the country's legislative elections. * Councillors are elected from single-member constituencies (the cantons). * A candidate securing the votes of at least 25% of the canton's registered voters and more than 50% of the total number of votes actually cast in the first round of voting is thereby elected. If no candidate satisfies these conditions, then a second round of voting is held one week later. * Entitled to present themselves in the second round are the two candidates who received the highest number of votes in the first round, plus any other candidate or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1994 French Cantonal Elections
''Cantonale'' elections to renew canton general councillors were held in France on 20 and 24 March 1994. Electoral system The cantonales elections use the same system as the regional or legislative elections. There is a 10% threshold (10% of ''registered'' voters) needed to proceed to the second round. Change in control From right to left * Gironde * Dordogne * Réunion From left to right * Creuse National results SourcesE-P {{French local elections 1994 File:1994 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The 1994 Winter Olympics are held in Lillehammer, Norway; The Kaiser Permanente building after the 1994 Northridge earthquake; A model of the MS Estonia, which Sinking of the MS Estonia, sank in ... 1994 elections in France ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Communist Party
The French Communist Party (french: Parti communiste français, ''PCF'' ; ) is a political party in France which advocates the principles of communism. The PCF is a member of the Party of the European Left, and its MEPs sit in the European United Left–Nordic Green Left group. Founded in 1920, it participated in three governments: the provisional government of the Liberation (1944–1947), at the beginning of François Mitterrand's presidency (1981–1984), and in the Plural Left cabinet led by Lionel Jospin (1997–2002). It was also the largest party on the left in France in a number of national elections, from 1945 to 1960, before falling behind the Socialist Party in the 1970s. The PCF has lost further ground to the Socialists since that time. From 2009, the PCF was a leading member of the Left Front (''Front de gauche''), alongside Jean-Luc Mélenchon's Left Party (PG). During the 2017 presidential election, the PCF supported Mélenchon's candidature; however, tensio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1988 French Cantonal Elections
''Cantonale'' elections to renew canton general councillors were held in France on 25 September and 2 October 1988. Abstention exploded to 50.9% in the first round and 53% in the runoff, likely due to the election being the third held that here after the presidential and legislative elections. The right narrowly won, with 50.3% to 49.6% to the left. However, the status quo prevailed. Electoral system The cantonales elections use the same system as the regional or legislative elections. There is a 10% threshold (10% of ''registered'' voters) needed to proceed to the second round. Change in control From right to left *Gironde From left to right *Alpes-de-Haute-Provence National results unavailable Sources Alain Lancelot, ''Les élections sous la Ve République'', PUF, Paris, 1988 {{French local elections 1988 File:1988 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The oil platform Piper Alpha explodes and collapses in the North Sea, killing 165 workers; The USS Vincennes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2008 French Municipal Elections
The French municipal elections of 2008 were held on 9 and 16 March to elect the municipal councils of France's 36,782 communes. The first task of each newly constituted municipal council was to elect a mayor. Municipal councilors, and the mayors they elect, ordinarily serve a term of six years. However those who took office following the last municipal elections, held on 11 and 18 March 2001, had their terms extended to seven years by an Act of the French parliament designed to avoid an overloading of the electoral calendar in 2007. Results The left gained back grounds lost in 2001 and in previous elections and sent a message of warning to President Nicolas Sarkozy, in power since 2007. The PS gained cities like Toulouse, Strasbourg, Amiens, Saint-Étienne and Reims. The left also held on easily to most of its cities, including Paris and Lyon. The close election in Marseille, however, was won by the UMP incumbent. The right did poorly but held on to some of its cities like Bo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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