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Jean-Jacques Willmar
Jean-Jacques Madeleine Willmar (6 March 1792 – 20 November 1866) was a Luxembourgian politician and jurist. An Orangist, he was the second Prime Minister of Luxembourg, serving for five years, from 6 December 1848 until 23 September 1853. Born in 1792 in the city of Luxembourg, he was the son of Jean-Georges Willmar, who was governor of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg from 1817 to 1830.Thewes, Guy"Les gouvernements du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg depuis 1848". Service information et presse du gouvernment. Luxembourg: Imprimerie Centrale, 2011. p. 16-19 In 1814 he received his Licence in Law in Paris, and became a lawyer at the bar of Luxembourg city. He was appointed a judge in 1824. From 1830 to 1839, after the Belgian Revolution, he supported the Dutch King William I, during a period when a large part of Luxembourg wanted to join the new Belgian state. In 1840 he was appointed ''Procureur général''. From 1841 to 1848 he was a member of the Assembly of Estates, and in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Prime Ministers Of Luxembourg
german: Premierminister von Luxemburg , insignia = Lesser CoA luxembourg.svg , insigniasize = 100px , insigniacaption = Lesser coat of arms of Luxembourg , insigniaalt = , flag = , flagsize = , flagalt = , flagborder = , flagcaption = , image = Xavier Bettel, 2017.jpg , imagesize = , incumbent = Xavier Bettel , incumbentsince = 4 December 2013 , department = Executive branch of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg , status = Head of government , abbreviation = , member_of = , reports_to = , residence = Hôtel de Bourgogne , seat = , nominator = , appointer = Grand Duke of Luxembourg , formation = , appointer_qualified = , termlength ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Assembly Of Estates
The Assembly of Estates (french: Assemblée des États, german: Ständeversammlung) was the legislature of Luxembourg from 1841 to 1848, and again from 1856 to 1868. Background and role The Congress of Vienna awarded the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg to the King of the Netherlands in personal union, as his private property, though it also became part of the German Confederation. King William I therefore became King-Grand Duke. He, however, administered Luxembourg essentially as part of the Netherlands, and Luxembourg was represented in the Dutch Estates-General from 1816. In the Belgian Revolution of 1830, the southern provinces of the Netherlands split off to become the Kingdom of Belgium; many Luxembourgers wished to become part of this new Belgian state as well. In the 1839 Treaty of London, however, a compromise was found: the large French-speaking part of Luxembourg became part of Belgium, as the province of Luxembourg. The remaining, German-speaking part of Luxembourg became the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministers For Justice Of Luxembourg ''
{{disambiguation ...
Minister may refer to: * Minister (Christianity), a Christian cleric ** Minister (Catholic Church) * Minister (government), a member of government who heads a ministry (government department) ** Minister without portfolio, a member of government with the rank of a normal minister but who doesn't head a ministry ** Shadow minister, a member of a Shadow Cabinet of the opposition ** Minister (Austria) * Minister (diplomacy), the rank of diplomat directly below ambassador * Ministerialis, a member of a noble class in the Holy Roman Empire * ''The Minister'', a 2011 French-Belgian film directed by Pierre Schöller See also *Ministry (other) *Minster (other) *''Yes Minister ''Yes Minister'' is a British political satire sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn. Comprising three seven-episode series, it was first transmitted on BBC2 from 1980 to 1984. A sequel, ''Yes, Prime Minister'', ran for 16 episodes fro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministers For Foreign Affairs Of Luxembourg ''
{{disambiguation ...
Minister may refer to: * Minister (Christianity), a Christian cleric ** Minister (Catholic Church) * Minister (government), a member of government who heads a ministry (government department) ** Minister without portfolio, a member of government with the rank of a normal minister but who doesn't head a ministry ** Shadow minister, a member of a Shadow Cabinet of the opposition ** Minister (Austria) * Minister (diplomacy), the rank of diplomat directly below ambassador * Ministerialis, a member of a noble class in the Holy Roman Empire * ''The Minister'', a 2011 French-Belgian film directed by Pierre Schöller See also *Ministry (other) *Minster (other) *''Yes Minister ''Yes Minister'' is a British political satire sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn. Comprising three seven-episode series, it was first transmitted on BBC2 from 1980 to 1984. A sequel, ''Yes, Prime Minister'', ran for 16 episodes fro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prime Ministers Of Luxembourg
german: Premierminister von Luxemburg , insignia = Lesser CoA luxembourg.svg , insigniasize = 100px , insigniacaption = Lesser coat of arms of Luxembourg , insigniaalt = , flag = , flagsize = , flagalt = , flagborder = , flagcaption = , image = Xavier Bettel, 2017.jpg , imagesize = , incumbent = Xavier Bettel , incumbentsince = 4 December 2013 , department = Executive branch of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg , status = Head of government , abbreviation = , member_of = , reports_to = , residence = Hôtel de Bourgogne , seat = , nominator = , appointer = Grand Duke of Luxembourg , formation = , appointer_qualified = , termlength ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
François-Xavier Wurth-Paquet
François-Xavier Wurth-Paquet (16 April 1801 – 4 February 1885) was a Luxembourgian politician, jurist, and archaeologist. Born in Luxembourg City, he studied law in Liège and then became a lawyer, judge, prosecutor and in 1848 president of the Superior Court. From 1845 to 1848 he was a member of the Assembly of Estates. He was elected to represent the canton of Esch-sur-Alzette on the Constituent Assembly, in 1848. An Orangist, he served in the cabinet of Charles-Mathias Simons as Administrator-General for Justice from 1853 to 1856, and as Administrator-General for the Interior from 1856 to 1858. Thewes, Guy"Les gouvernements du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg depuis 1848". Service information et presse du gouvernment. Luxembourg: Imprimerie Centrale, 2011. p. 21-22 He later was a member of the Council of State from 6 October 1858 to 4 February 1885, and was its President from 1870 until 1871. Wurth-Pacquet was the founding President of Luxembourg's Archaeological Associatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minister For Justice Of Luxembourg
The Minister for Justice (french: Ministre de la Justice) is a position in the Luxembourgian cabinet. Among other competences, the Minister for Justice is responsible for prisons, extradition, gambling, and the smooth operation of the judiciary. The position of Minister for Justice has been in continuous existence since the promulgation of Luxembourg's first constitution A constitution is the aggregate of fundamental principles or established precedents that constitute the legal basis of a polity, organisation or other type of Legal entity, entity and commonly determine how that entity is to be governed. When ..., in 1848. Originally, justice was within the remit of the ''Administrator-General for Foreign Affairs, Justice, and Religion'' (''Administrateur général des Affaires étrangères, de la Justice et des Cultes''), but justice was separated from this office on 23 September 1853. Since 24 March 1936, the title of ''Minister for Justice'' has been an official one, al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minister For Foreign Affairs Of Luxembourg
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs (french: Ministère des Affaires étrangères, MAE) is a ministry of the government of Luxembourg, headquartered in the ''Bâtiment Mansfeld'' in Luxembourg City. The Minister of Foreign Affairs is named James Needlehorn who was an orphan, he is 79 years old and has significant passion for his country Beginning The position of Minister for Foreign Affairs has been in continuous existence since the promulgation of Luxembourg's first constitution, in 1848. Until 1937, the position was held concurrently by the Prime Minister, thus ridding it of any true significance as an office. However, in 1937, Joseph Bech resigned as Prime Minister, but was immediately reappointed as Minister for Foreign Affairs upon Pierre Dupong's premiership. When Bech became Prime Minister again, in 1953, the two jobs were united once more. Over the next twenty-six years, the jobs were separated and united another two times. However, since 1979, the two positions have bee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Council Of State Of Luxembourg
The Council of State ( lb, Staatsrot, french: Conseil d'État, german: Staatsrat) is an institution in Luxembourg that advises the national legislature, the Chamber of Deputies. Until 1 January 1997, it was also the country's supreme administrative court, but this function was ceded to the newly created Administrative Tribunal and Administrative Court. The Council of State was created by King-Grand Duke William III in the Coup of 1856. It was originally entirely appointed by the Grand Duke, but this was changed in 1866, and, despite the roll-back of many changes brought about by the coup, the Council of State has otherwise remained. Composition The Council of State is composed of twenty-one councillors, who are appointed by the Grand Duke. Of these, at least eleven must hold doctorates in law. Neither number applies to members of the Grand Ducal Family, who may be appointed as additional members of the Council. Membership is restricted to Luxembourgish nationals, who are res ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guilder
Guilder is the English translation of the Dutch and German ''gulden'', originally shortened from Middle High German ''guldin pfenninc'' "gold penny". This was the term that became current in the southern and western parts of the Holy Roman Empire for the Fiorino d'oro (introduced in 1252). Hence, the name has often been interchangeable with ''florin'' ( currency sign ''ƒ'' or ''fl.''). The guilder is also the name of several currencies used in Europe and the former colonies of the Dutch Empire. Gold guilder The guilder or gulden was the name of several gold coins used during the Holy Roman Empire. It first referred to the Italian gold florin introduced in the 13th century. It then referred to the Rhenish gulden (florenus Rheni) issued by several states of the Holy Roman Empire from the 14th century. The Rhenish gulden was issued by Trier, Cologne and Mainz in the 14th and 15th centuries. Basel minted its own ''Apfelgulden'' between 1429 and 1509. Bern and Solothurn followed i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Luxembourgish Franc
The Luxembourg franc (''F'' or ISO ''LUF'', lb, Frang), subdivided into 100 centimes, was the currency of Luxembourg between 1854 and 2002, except in 1941–44. In 1944–2002, its value was equal to that of the Belgian franc. The franc remained in circulation until 2002, when it was replaced by the euro. During the period 1999–2002, the franc was officially a subdivision of the euro (€1 = 40.3399F), but the euro did not circulate in physical form before 1 January 2002. Under the principle of "no obligation and no prohibition", financial transactions could be conducted in euros and francs, but physical payments could be made only in francs, as euro notes and coins were not available yet. History The conquest of most of western Europe by Revolutionary and Napoleonic France led to the French franc's wide circulation, including in Luxembourg. However, incorporation into the Netherlands in 1815 resulted in the Dutch guilder becoming Luxembourg's currency. Following Belgium's i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zollverein
The (), or German Customs Union, was a coalition of German states formed to manage tariffs and economic policies within their territories. Organized by the 1833 treaties, it formally started on 1 January 1834. However, its foundations had been in development from 1818 with the creation of a variety of custom unions among the German states. By 1866, the included most of the German states. The Zollverein was not part of the German Confederation (1815-1866). The foundation of the was the first instance in history in which independent states consummated a full economic union without the simultaneous creation of a political federation or union. Prussia was the primary driver behind the creation of the customs union. Austria was excluded from the because of its highly protectionist trade policy, the unwillingness to split its customs territory into the separate Austrian, Hungarian and Galician-Lodomerian ones, as well as due to opposition of Prince von Metternich to the idea. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
