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Java Persistence API
Jakarta Persistence, also known as JPA (abbreviated from the former name Java Persistence API) is a Jakarta EE application programming interface specification that describes the management of relational data in enterprise Java applications. Persistence in this context covers three areas: * The API itself, defined in the package ( for Jakarta EE 8 and below) * The Jakarta Persistence Query Language (JPQL; formerly Java Persistence Query Language) * Object/relational metadata History The final release date of the JPA 1.0 specification was 11 May 2006 as part of Java Community Process JSR 220. The JPA 2.0 specification was released 10 December 2009 (the Java EE 6 platform requires JPA 2.0). The JPA 2.1 specification was released 22 April 2013 (the Java EE 7 platform requires JPA 2.1). The JPA 2.2 specification was released in the summer of 2017. The reference implementation for JPA 1 and 2 was EclipseLink. Jakarta Persistence 3.1 was released in the spring of 2022 as part of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jakarta EE
Jakarta EE, formerly Java Platform, Enterprise Edition (Java EE) and Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition (J2EE), is a set of specifications, extending Java SE with specifications for enterprise features such as distributed computing and web services. Jakarta EE applications are run on reference runtimes, which can be microservices or application servers, which handle transactions, security, scalability, concurrency and management of the components they are deploying. Jakarta EE is defined by its specification. The specification defines APIs (application programming interface) and their interactions. As with other Java Community Process specifications, providers must meet certain conformance requirements in order to declare their products as ''Jakarta EE compliant''. Examples of contexts in which Jakarta EE referencing runtimes are used are: e-commerce, accounting, banking information systems. History The platform created by Sun Microsystems was known as ''Java 2 Platform, E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Java Annotation
In the Java computer programming language, an annotation is a form of syntactic metadata that can be added to Java source code. Class (computer programming), Classes, Method (computer programming), methods, Variable (computer science), variables, Parameter (computer programming), parameters and Java packages may be annotated. Like Javadoc tags, Java annotations can be read from source files. Unlike Javadoc tags, Java annotations can also be embedded in and read from Java class files generated by the Java compiler. This allows annotations to be retained by the Java virtual machine at Run time (program lifecycle phase), run-time and read via reflection (computer science), reflection. It is possible to create meta-annotations out of the existing ones in Java. History The Java (software platform), Java platform has various ''ad-hoc'' annotation mechanisms—for example, the ''transient'' modifier, or the ''@Deprecated'' javadoc tag. The Java Specification Request JSR-175 introduc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
NoSQL
NoSQL (originally meaning "Not only SQL" or "non-relational") refers to a type of database design that stores and retrieves data differently from the traditional table-based structure of relational databases. Unlike relational databases, which organize data into rows and columns like a spreadsheet, NoSQL databases use a single data structure—such as key–value pairs, wide columns, graphs, or documents—to hold information. Since this non-relational design does not require a fixed schema, it scales easily to manage large, often unstructured datasets. NoSQL systems are sometimes called ''"Not only SQL"'' because they can support SQL-like query languages or work alongside SQL databases in polyglot-persistent setups, where multiple database types are combined. Non-relational databases date back to the late 1960s, but the term "NoSQL" emerged in the early 2000s, spurred by the needs of Web 2.0 companies like social media platforms. NoSQL databases are popular in big data ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flat File Database
A flat-file database is a database stored in a file called a flat file. Records follow a uniform format, and there are no structures for indexing or recognizing relationships between records. The file is simple. A flat file can be a plain text file (e.g. Comma-separated values, csv, Text file, txt or Tab-separated values, tsv), or a binary file. Relationships can be inferred from the data in the database, but the database format itself does not make those relationships explicit. The term has generally implied a small database, but very large databases can also be flat. Overview Plain text files usually contain one Record (computer science), record per line. Examples of flat files include /etc/passwd and /etc/group on Unix-like operating systems. Another example of a flat file is a name-and-address list with the fields ''Name'', ''Address'' and ''Phone Number''. Flat files are typically either delimiter-separated or fixed-width. Delimiter-separated values In delimite ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Java Data Objects
Java Data Objects (JDO) is a specification of Java object persistence. One of its features is a transparency of the persistence services to the domain model. JDO persistent objects are ordinary Java programming language classes ( POJOs); there is no requirement for them to implement certain interfaces or extend from special classes. JDO 1.0 was developed under the Java Community Process aJSR 12 JDO 2.0 was developed undeJSR 243and was released on May 10, 2006. JDO 2.1 was completed in Feb 2008, developed by thApache JDOproject. JDO 2.2 was released in October 2008. JDO 3.0 was released in April 2010. Object persistence is defined in the external XML metafiles, which may have vendor-specific extensions. JDO vendors provide developers with ''enhancers'', which modify compiled Java class files so they can be transparently persisted. (Note that byte-code enhancement is not mandated by the JDO specification, although it is the commonly used mechanism for implementing the JDO specifica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Database Model
A database model is a type of data model that determines the logical structure of a database. It fundamentally determines in which manner data can be stored, organized and manipulated. The most popular example of a database model is the relational model, which uses a table-based format. Types Common logical data models for databases include: * Hierarchical database model :This is the oldest form of database model. It was developed by IBM for IMS (information Management System), and is a set of organized data in tree structure. DB record is a tree consisting of many groups called segments. It uses One-to-many (data model), one-to-many relationships, and the data access is also predictable. * Network model * Relational model * Entity–relationship model ** Enhanced entity–relationship model * Object database, Object model * Document-oriented database, Document model * Entity–attribute–value model * Star schema An object–relational database combines the two related struc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Relational Database Management System
A relational database (RDB) is a database based on the relational model of data, as proposed by E. F. Codd in 1970. A Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) is a type of database management system that stores data in a structured format using rows and columns. Many relational database systems are equipped with the option of using SQL (Structured Query Language) for querying and updating the database. History The concept of relational database was defined by E. F. Codd at IBM in 1970. Codd introduced the term ''relational'' in his research paper "A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks". In this paper and later papers, he defined what he meant by ''relation''. One well-known definition of what constitutes a relational database system is composed of Codd's 12 rules. However, no commercial implementations of the relational model conform to all of Codd's rules, so the term has gradually come to describe a broader class of database systems, which at a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Enterprise JavaBean
Jakarta Enterprise Beans (EJB; formerly Enterprise JavaBeans) is one of several List of Java APIs, Java APIs for modular construction of enterprise software. EJB is a server-side component (software), software component that Encapsulation (object-oriented programming), encapsulates business logic of an application. An EJB web container provides a runtime environment for web related software components, including computer security, Java Servlet#Life cycle of a servlet, Java servlet lifecycle management, transaction processing, and other web services. The EJB specification is a subset of the Jakarta EE specification. Specification The EJB specification was originally developed in 1997 by International Business Machines, IBM and later adopted by Sun Microsystems (EJB 1.0 and 1.1) in 1999 and enhanced under the Java Community Process aJSR 19(EJB 2.0)JSR 153(EJB 2.1)JSR 220(EJB 3.0)JSR 318(EJB 3.1) anJSR 345(EJB 3.2). The EJB specification provides a standard way to implement the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
TopLink
Oracle TopLink is a mapping and persistence framework for Java developers. TopLink is produced by Oracle and is a part of Oracle's OracleAS, WebLogic, and OC4J servers. It is an object-persistence and object-transformation framework. TopLink provides development tools and run-time functionalities that ease the development process and help increase functionality. Persistent object-oriented data is stored in relational databases which helps build high-performance applications. Storing data in either XML (Extensible Markup Language) or relational databases is made possible by transforming it from object-oriented data. A rich user-interface is possible on TopLink with the help of TopLink Mapping Workbench. This Mapping Workbench makes it possible to carry out the following with ease. * Graphical mapping of an object model to data model. * Generation of data model from its object model and vice versa. * Auto-mapping of any existing data models and object models. Oracle's JDeveloper ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Application Server
An application server is a server that hosts applications or software that delivers a business application through a communication protocol. For a typical web application, the application server sits behind the web servers. An application server framework is a service layer model. It includes software components available to a software developer through an application programming interface. An application server may have features such as clustering, fail-over, and load-balancing. The goal is for developers to focus on the business logic. Java application servers Jakarta EE (formerly Java EE or J2EE) defines the core set of API and features of Java application servers. The Jakarta EE infrastructure is partitioned into logical containers. *EJB container: Enterprise Beans are used to manage transactions. According to the Java BluePrints, the business logic of an application resides in Enterprise Beans—a modular server component providing many features, including dec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Entity Bean
An "Entity Bean" is a type of Enterprise JavaBean, a server-side Java EE component, that represents persistent data maintained in a database. An entity bean can manage its own persistence (Bean managed persistence) or can delegate this function to its EJB Container (Container managed persistence). An entity bean is identified by a primary key. If the container in which an entity bean is hosted crashes, the entity bean, its primary key, and any remote references survive the crash. In EJB 3.0, entity beans were superseded by the Java Persistence API (which was subsequently completely separated to its own spec as of EJB 3.1). Entity Beans have been marked as a candidate for pruning as of Java EE 6 and are therefore considered a deprecated technology. Entity Beans before EJB 2.0 should not be used in great numbers because each entity bean was in fact a RMI stub with its own RMI connection to the EJB server. Obtaining 1000 entity beans as a single operation would result in 1000 sim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
