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Java Modeling Language
The Java Modeling Language (JML) is a specification language for Java programs, using Hoare style pre- and postconditions and invariants, that follows the design by contract paradigm. Specifications are written as Java annotation comments to the source files, which hence can be compiled with any Java compiler. Various verification tools, such as a runtime assertion checker and the Extended Static Checker (ESC/Java) aid development. Overview JML is a behavioural interface specification language for Java modules. JML provides semantics to formally describe the behavior of a Java module, preventing ambiguity with regard to the module designers' intentions. JML inherits ideas from Eiffel, Larch and the Refinement Calculus, with the goal of providing rigorous formal semantics while still being accessible to any Java programmer. Various tools are available that make use of JML's behavioral specifications. Because specifications can be written as annotations in Java program files, o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Specification Language
A specification language is a formal language in computer science used during systems analysis, requirements analysis, and systems design to describe a system at a much higher level than a programming language, which is used to produce the executable code for a system.Joseph Goguen "One, None, A Hundred Thousand Specification Languages" Invited Paper, IFIP Congress 1986 pp 995-1004 Overview Specification languages are generally not directly executed. They are meant to describe the ''what'', not the ''how''. Indeed, it is considered as an error if a requirement specification is cluttered with unnecessary implementation detail. A common fundamental assumption of many specification approaches is that programs are modelled as algebraic or model-theoretic structures that include a collection of sets of data values together with functions over those sets. This level of abstraction coincides with the view that the correctness of the input/output behaviour of a program takes precedenc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Class Invariant
In computer programming, specifically object-oriented programming, a class invariant (or type invariant) is an invariant used for constraining objects of a class. Methods of the class should preserve the invariant. The class invariant constrains the state stored in the object. Class invariants are established during construction and constantly maintained between calls to public methods. Code within functions may break invariants as long as the invariants are restored before a public function ends. With concurrency, maintaining the invariant in methods typically requires a critical section to be established by locking the state using a mutex. An object invariant, or representation invariant, is a computer programming construct consisting of a set of invariant properties that remain uncompromised regardless of the state of the object. This ensures that the object will always meet predefined conditions, and that methods may, therefore, always reference the object without the r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marieke Huisman
Marieke Huisman (born 3 May 1973, Utrecht, Netherlands) is a Dutch Computer Scientist and a professor of ''Software Reliability'' at the University of Twente, where she leads the ''Formal Methods and Tools'' Group. Career Huisman graduated from Utrecht University in 1996. She obtained her PhD at Radboud University Nijmegen in 2001; her dissertation, entitled ''Reasoning about Java programs in higher order logic using PVS and Isabelle'', was supervised by Henk Barendregt. From 2001 to 2008 she worked at the INRIA Sophia Antipolis Research Centre in France, before joining the University of Twente in the Netherlands. Huisman received an ERC Starting Grant in 2010 and an NWO Vici Grant in 2017. She was awarded the Netherlands Prize for ICT Research in 2013 and the Professor De Winter prize in 2014. Since July 2017, Huisman is a full professor at the University of Twente The University of Twente (Dutch: ''Universiteit Twente''; , abbr. ) is a public technical university lo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bernhard Rumpe
Bernhard Rumpe (born 1967) is a German computer scientist, professor of computer science and head of the Software Engineering Department at the RWTH Aachen University. His research focusses on "technologies, methods, tools ... necessary to create software in the necessary quality that is as efficient and sustainable as possible." Biography Born and raised in Abensberg, Germany, Rumpe from 1973 to 1977 attended the Aventinus Primary School Abensberg and from 1977 to 1986 the Donau Gymnasium Kelheim. From 1987 to 1992 he studied computer science and mathematics at the Technical University of Munich (TUM). In 1992 he became research assistant at the Chair for Software and Systems Engineering at the Technical University of Munich, were in 1996 he received his PhD and in 2003 his habilitation in computer science. From 2003 to 2008 Rumpe headed the Institute for Software Systems Engineering at the Braunschweig University of Technology (TUBS). Here in 2007 he headed the participation o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gary T
Gary may refer to: * Gary (given name), a common masculine given name, including a list of people and fictional characters with the name * Gary, Indiana, the largest city named Gary Places ;Iran * Gary, Iran, Sistan and Baluchestan Province ;United States * Gary (Tampa), Florida *Gary, Maryland * Gary, Minnesota * Gary, South Dakota * Gary, West Virginia *Gary – New Duluth, a neighborhood in Duluth, Minnesota * Gary Air Force Base, San Marcos, Texas *Gary City, Texas Ships * USS ''Gary'' (DE-61), a destroyer escort launched in 1943 * USS ''Gary'' (CL-147), scheduled to be a light cruiser, but canceled prior to construction in 1945 * USS ''Gary'' (FFG-51), a frigate, commissioned in 1984 * USS ''Thomas J. Gary'' (DE-326), a destroyer escort commissioned in 1943 People and fictional characters *Gary (surname), including a list of people with the name * Gary (rapper), South Korean rapper and entertainer *Gary (Argentine singer) Edgar Efraín Fuentes, better known as Gary ( Am ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Syntax Highlighting
Syntax highlighting is a feature of text editors that are used for programming, scripting, or markup languages, such as HTML. The feature displays text, especially source code, in different colours and fonts according to the category of terms. This feature facilitates writing in a structured language such as a programming language or a markup language as both structures and syntax errors are visually distinct. This feature is also employed in many programming related contexts (such as programming manuals), either in the form of colorful books or online websites to make understanding code snippets easier for readers. Highlighting does not affect the meaning of the text itself; it is intended only for human readers. Syntax highlighting is a form of secondary notation, since the highlights are not part of the text meaning, but serve to reinforce it. Some editors also integrate syntax highlighting with other features, such as spell checking or code folding, as aids to editing wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eclipse (software)
Eclipse is an integrated development environment (IDE) used in computer programming. It contains a base workspace and an extensible plug-in system for customizing the environment. It is the second-most-popular IDE for Java development, and, until 2016, was the most popular. Eclipse is written mostly in Java and its primary use is for developing Java applications, but it may also be used to develop applications in other programming languages via plug-ins, including Ada, ABAP, C, C++, C#, Clojure, COBOL, D, Erlang, Fortran, Groovy, Haskell, JavaScript, Julia, Lasso, Lua, NATURAL, Perl, PHP, Prolog, Python, R, Ruby (including Ruby on Rails framework), Rust, Scala, and Scheme. It can also be used to develop documents with LaTeX (via a TeXlipse plug-in) and packages for the software Mathematica. Development environments include the Eclipse Java development tools (JDT) for Java and Scala, Eclipse CDT for C/C++, and Eclipse PDT for PHP, among others. The initial code ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ESC/Java2
ESC/Java (and more recently ESC/Java2), the "Extended Static Checker for Java," is a programming tool that attempts to find common run-time errors in Java programs at compile time. The underlying approach used in ESC/Java is referred to as extended static checking, which is a collective name referring to a range of techniques for statically checking the correctness of various program constraints. For example, that an integer variable is greater-than-zero, or lies between the bounds of an array. This technique was pioneered in ESC/Java (and its predecessor, ESC/Modula-3) and can be thought of as an extended form of type checking. Extended static checking usually involves the use of an automated theorem prover and, in ESC/Java, the Simplify theorem prover was used. ESC/Java is neither sound nor complete. This was intentional and aims to reduce the number of errors and/or warnings reported to the programmer, in order to make the tool more useful in practice. However, it does me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
JUnit
JUnit is a unit testing framework for the Java programming language. JUnit has been important in the development of test-driven development, and is one of a family of unit testing frameworks which is collectively known as xUnit that originated with SUnit. JUnit is linked as a JAR at compile-time. The latest version of the framework, JUnit 5, resides under package org.junit.jupiter. Previous versions JUnit 4 and JUnit 3 were under packages org.junit and junit.framework, respectively. A research survey performed in 2013 across 10,000 Java projects hosted on GitHub found that JUnit (in a tie with slf4j-api) was the most commonly included external library. Each library was used by 30.7% of projects. Example of a JUnit test fixture A JUnit test fixture is a Java object. Test methods must be annotated by the @Test annotation. If the situation requires it, it is also possible to define a method to execute before (or after) each (or all) of the test methods with the @BeforeEach (or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Javadoc
Javadoc (originally cased JavaDoc) is a documentation generator created by Sun Microsystems for the Java language (now owned by Oracle Corporation) for generating API documentation in HTML format from Java source code. The HTML format is used for adding the convenience of being able to hyperlink related documents together. The "doc comments" format used by Javadoc is the de facto industry standard for documenting Java classes. Some IDEs, like IntelliJ IDEA, NetBeans and Eclipse, automatically generate Javadoc templates. Many file editors assist the user in producing Javadoc source and use the Javadoc info as internal references for the programmer. Javadoc also provides an API for creating doclets and taglets, which allows users to analyze the structure of a Java application. This is how JDiff can generate reports of what changed between two versions of an API. Javadoc does not affect performance in Java as all comments are removed at compilation time. Writing comments a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Java Syntax
The syntax of Java refers to the set of rules defining how a Java program is written and interpreted. The syntax is mostly derived from C and C++. Unlike in C++, in Java there are no global functions or variables, but there are data members which are also regarded as global variables. All code belongs to classes and all values are objects. The only exception is the primitive types, which are not represented by a class instance for performance reasons (though can be automatically converted to objects and vice versa via autoboxing). Some features like operator overloading or unsigned integer types are omitted to simplify the language and to avoid possible programming mistakes. The Java syntax has been gradually extended in the course of numerous major JDK releases, and now supports capabilities such as generic programming and function literals (called lambda expressions in Java). Since 2017, a new JDK version is released twice a year, with each release bringing incremen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Existential Quantifier
In predicate logic, an existential quantification is a type of quantifier, a logical constant which is interpreted as "there exists", "there is at least one", or "for some". It is usually denoted by the logical operator symbol ∃, which, when used together with a predicate variable, is called an existential quantifier ("" or "" or "). Existential quantification is distinct from universal quantification ("for all"), which asserts that the property or relation holds for ''all'' members of the domain. Some sources use the term existentialization to refer to existential quantification. Basics Consider a formula that states that some natural number multiplied by itself is 25. : 0·0 = 25, or 1·1 = 25, or 2·2 = 25, or 3·3 = 25, ... This would seem to be a logical disjunction because of the repeated use of "or". However, the ellipses make this impossible to integrate and to interpret it as a disjunction in formal logic. Instead, the statement could be rephrased more formally ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
