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James Macandrew
James Macandrew (1819(?) – 25 February 1887) was a New Zealand ship-owner and politician. He served as a Member of Parliament from 1853 to 1887 and as the last Superintendent of Otago Province. Early life Macandrew was born in Scotland, probably in Aberdeen, where he was baptised on 18 May 1819. He became active in the Free Church of Scotland, and from there, in the proposed colonisation of Otago (which was being advocated by the Lay Association of the Free Church of Scotland, later the Otago Association). In partnership with his brother-in-law William Reynolds, Macandrew bought a schooner, loaded it with cargo, and set sail for Otago with his family. He arrived in January 1851. Still working in partnership with his brother-in-law, Macandrew immediately became a major figure in the business community of Dunedin. Reynolds, his brother-in-law, began to build up a shipping business, while Macandrew himself established a trading firm in the city. The partners later established ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
James MacAndrew
James Macandrew (1819(?) – 25 February 1887) was a New Zealand ship-owner and politician. He served as a Member of Parliament from 1853 to 1887 and as the last Superintendent of Otago Province. Early life Macandrew was born in Scotland, probably in Aberdeen, where he was baptised on 18 May 1819. He became active in the Free Church of Scotland, and from there, in the proposed colonisation of Otago (which was being advocated by the Lay Association of the Free Church of Scotland, later the Otago Association). In partnership with his brother-in-law William Reynolds, Macandrew bought a schooner, loaded it with cargo, and set sail for Otago with his family. He arrived in January 1851. Still working in partnership with his brother-in-law, Macandrew immediately became a major figure in the business community of Dunedin. Reynolds, his brother-in-law, began to build up a shipping business, while Macandrew himself established a trading firm in the city. The partners later established ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
July 1865 Bruce By-election
The July 1865 Bruce by-election was a New Zealand by-election held in the electorate of during the 3rd New Zealand Parliament on 27 July 1865 triggered by the resignation of Edward Cargill. Three candidates were nominated but one of them withdrew during the nomination meeting. James Macandrew was the successful candidate; he defeated John Cargill, a former Member of Parliament and a brother of the incumbent. Background A large meeting was held on Saturday, 8 July, to discuss who should contest the superintendency election, and who could represent the Bruce electorate in parliament. On the latter question, John Cargill and William John Dyer were discussed as candidates. There was concern about John Cargill's suitability as their representative, and the meeting finished with passing the following resolution unanimously: That this meeting does not consider Mr. John Cargill a suitable person to represent Bruce, and request Mr. W. J. Dyer to offer himself as a candidate for th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Zealand Parliament
The New Zealand Parliament ( mi, Pāremata Aotearoa) is the unicameral legislature of New Zealand, consisting of the King of New Zealand ( King-in-Parliament) and the New Zealand House of Representatives. The King is usually represented by his governor-general. Before 1951, there was an upper chamber, the New Zealand Legislative Council. The New Zealand Parliament was established in 1854 and is one of the oldest continuously functioning legislatures in the world. It has met in Wellington, the capital of New Zealand, since 1865. The House of Representatives normally consists of 120 members of Parliament (MPs), though sometimes more due to overhang seats. There are 72 MPs elected directly in electorates while the remainder of seats are assigned to list MPs based on each party's share of the total party vote. Māori were represented in Parliament from 1867, and in 1893 women gained the vote. Although elections can be called early, each three years Parliament is dissolved and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Superintendent (New Zealand)
Superintendent was the elected head of each Provinces of New Zealand, Provincial Council in New Zealand from 1853 to 1876. History Provinces existed in New Zealand from 1841 until 1876 as a form of sub-national government. After the initial provinces pre-1853, new provinces were formed by the New Zealand Constitution Act 1852. This Act established the first six provinces of Auckland Province, Auckland, Taranaki Province, New Plymouth, Wellington Province, Wellington, Nelson Province, Nelson, Canterbury Province, Canterbury, and Otago Province, Otago. Other provinces were established later. Each province elected its own legislature known as a Provincial Council, and elected a Superintendent who was not a member of the council. The elections for council and superintendent were not necessarily held at the same time. Following abolition, the provinces became known as provincial districts. Their only visible function today is their use to determine, with the exception of the Chatham ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Otago Witness
The ''Otago Witness'' was a prominent illustrated weekly newspaper in the early years of the European settlement of New Zealand, produced in Dunedin, the provincial capital of Otago. Published weekly it existed from 1851 to 1932. The introduction of the Otago Daily Times followed by other daily newspapers in its circulation area lead it to focus on serving a rural readership in the lower South Island where poor road access prevented newspapers being delivered daily. It also provided an outlet for local fiction writers. It is notable as the first newspaper to use illustrations and photographs and was the first New Zealand newspaper to provide a correspondence column for children, which was known as "Dot's Little Folk". Together with the Auckland based ''Weekly News'' and the Wellington based ''New Zealand Free Lance'' it was one of the most significant illustrated weekly New Zealand newspapers in the 19th and early 20th centuries. History Background Nine months after the first immi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Otago Provincial Council
The Otago Province was a province of New Zealand until the abolition of provincial government in 1876. The capital of the province was Dunedin. Southland Province split from Otago in 1861, but became part of the province again in 1870. Area and history Otago Province was one of the six original provinces established in New Zealand in 1853. It covered the lower third of the South Island. Its northern neighbour was the Canterbury Province, and the boundary was the Waitaki River from the Pacific Ocean to its source in the Southern Alps, and from there a straight line to Awarua Bay (now known as Big Bay) on the west coast. The inland area of the Waitaki catchment was unexplored in 1853 and dispute later arose over which branch of the Waitaki should form the boundary. The boundary was delineated in 1861 as following the Ohau River to Lake Ohau and from there a straight line to Mount Aspiring and Awarua Bay. Southland Province split from Otago in 1861, but became part of the provin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1884 New Zealand General Election
The 1884 New Zealand general election was held on 22 July to elect a total of 95 MPs to the 9th session of the New Zealand Parliament. The Māori vote was held on 21 July. A total number of 137,686 (60.6%) voters turned out to vote. In 11 seats there was only one candidate. 1881 electoral redistribution The same 95 electorates that were defined through the 1881 electoral redistribution were used for the 1884 election. The next electoral redistribution was held in 1887 in preparation for the . Government formation Prior to the election Harry Atkinson had served as Premier since 1883. His government was unpopular at the time and the polls went against him. Only 32 of the returned Members supported him whilst 57 opposed his government as well as 6 independents. Soon after the election his government fell in August 1884 after Robert Stout successfully passed a vote of no confidence and assumed the premiership with the support of Julius Vogel Sir Julius Vogel (24 February 1835 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1881 New Zealand General Election
The 1881 New Zealand general election was held on 8 and 9 December in the Māori and European electorates, respectively, to elect 95 MPs to the 8th session of the New Zealand Parliament. 1881 was the first time a general election was held under universal male suffrage; all MPs were elected in single-member electorates; and the country quota was introduced, allowing rural electorates to have 25% fewer voters than urban electorates. Beginning with the 1881 election, all elections in European electorates were to be held on the same day, a measure not introduced for Māori electorates until 1951. 1881 electoral redistribution The previous electoral redistribution was undertaken in 1875 for the 1875–1876 election. In the six years since, New Zealand's European population had increased by 65%. In the 1881 electoral redistribution, the House of Representatives increased the number of European representatives to 91 (up from 84 since the 1875–76 election). The number of Māori electo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1879 New Zealand General Election
The 1879 New Zealand general election was held between 28 August and 15 September 1879 to elect a total of 88 MPs to the 7th session of the New Zealand Parliament. The Māori vote was held on 8 September. A total of 82,271 (66.5%) European voters turned out to vote, plus 14,553 Māori voters. Following the election, John Hall formed a new government. Background Formal political parties had not been established yet; this only happened after the 1890 election. The same 73 electorates were used as for the last election, which was held in 1875–76. In October 1875, Parliament passed the Representation Act 1875, which resolved to increase the size of Parliament to 88 representatives across the 73 electorates. Two of the electorates were represented by three members each ( and Dunedin. A further eleven electorates were represented by two members each (Auckland West, , Grey Valley, , , City of Nelson, , , , Wanganui and City of Wellington). The remaining 60 electorates were repre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1875–1876 New Zealand General Election
The 1875–1876 New Zealand general election was held between 20 December 1875 and 29 January 1876 to elect a total of 88 MPs in 73 electorates to the 6th session of the New Zealand Parliament. The Māori vote was held on 4 and 15 January 1876. A total of 56,471 voters were registered. Background Political parties had not been established yet; this only happened after the 1890 election. The previous parliament had 78 representatives from 72 electorates. In October 1875, Parliament passed the Representation Act 1875, and resolved to increase the size of Parliament to 88 representatives through the following changes: * one additional member for City of Dunedin (from two to three) * the single member electorates of Christchurch East and Christchurch West to amalgamate and form the City of Christchurch electorate with three members * one additional member for Timaru ( was formed as a new electorate) * one additional member for Waitaki (from one to two) * one additional member ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Port Chalmers (New Zealand Electorate)
Chalmers, originally Port Chalmers, was a parliamentary electorate in the Otago Region of New Zealand, from 1866 to 1938 with a break from 1896 to 1902. It was named after the town of Port Chalmers, the main port of Dunedin and Otago. Population centres In the 1865 electoral redistribution, the House of Representatives focussed its review of electorates to South Island electorates only, as the Central Otago Gold Rush had caused significant population growth, and a redistribution of the existing population. Fifteen additional South Island electorates were created, including Port Chalmers, and the number of Members of Parliament was increased by 13 to 70. History Port Chalmers was first established in 1866 for the term of the 4th New Zealand Parliament. For the , it was renamed as Chalmers. In 1896, the electorate was abolished, but it was re-created (again as Chalmers) for the . The electorate was abolished again for the last time in 1938. Due to World War II, the 1941 census w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1871 New Zealand General Election
The 1871 New Zealand general election was held between 14 January and 23 February to elect 78 MPs across 72 electorates to the fifth session of the New Zealand Parliament. 41,527 electors were registered. Background 1871 was the first general election to include the four Māori electorates, with elections held on 1 and 15 February. The first Māori Members of Parliament had been elected in 1868, but in 1871 three retired and one (Western Maori) was defeated. So in 1871 four new Māori MPs were elected. In 1866 the secret ballot was introduced for general (European) elections. The 1871 general election was the first one at which it was used. The secret ballot not used in Māori electorates until 1938, thus Māori voters continued to inform a polling officer orally of their chosen candidate. The date of election is defined here as the day on which the poll took place, or if there was no contest, the day of nomination. The earliest election day was 14 January 1871. The earliest da ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
