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James C. Parks
James Clair Parks, Ph.D. (1942–2002) was an American botanist and plant taxonomist who was a professor and herbarium curator at Millersville University in Millersville, Pennsylvania, USA from 1967 until his death in 2002. In 2004, the herbarium at Millersville University was dedicated in his honor as the James C. Parks Herbarium. Taxonomic specialties Parks's taxonomic specialty was on American Compositae ( Asteraceae) and American ferns. Dr. Parks conducted his doctoral dissertation on a taxonomic revision of the North American and Caribbean genus '' Melanthera'' Rohr (Compositae; Parks 1968). Some taxonomic names for which Parks is an author #''Melanthera aspera'' var. ''glabriuscula'' (Kuntze) J.C.Parks Publications Parks was the author of 14 journal articles and book chapters. These are listed below, from most to least recent. #Dyer AF, JC Parks, S Lindsay (2000) Historical review of the uncertain taxonomic status of ''Cystopteris dickieana'' R.Sim (Dickie's bladder f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Botanist
Botany, also called , plant biology or phytology, is the science of plant life and a branch of biology. A botanist, plant scientist or phytologist is a scientist who specialises in this field. The term "botany" comes from the Ancient Greek word (''botanē'') meaning "pasture", " herbs" "grass", or " fodder"; is in turn derived from (), "to feed" or "to graze". Traditionally, botany has also included the study of fungi and algae by mycologists and phycologists respectively, with the study of these three groups of organisms remaining within the sphere of interest of the International Botanical Congress. Nowadays, botanists (in the strict sense) study approximately 410,000 species of land plants of which some 391,000 species are vascular plants (including approximately 369,000 species of flowering plants), and approximately 20,000 are bryophytes. Botany originated in prehistory as herbalism with the efforts of early humans to identify – and later cultivate – edible, med ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cystopteris Dickieana
''Cystopteris dickieana'', commonly known as Dickie's bladder-fern, is a fern with a wide distribution in the Northern Hemisphere. There is debate amongst botanists as to whether it is a species in its own right or a variant of '' C. fragilis''. Distribution ''C. dickieana'' is native to Canada and the United States, a variety of European countries including Russia and also north Africa and the Andes. It is typically found in montane habitats below the tree-line, although it is also grows at lower altitudes in locations with cool summers. Discovery and Victorian collectors The first recorded discovery of the plant was made by William Knight, Professor of Natural Philosophy at Marischal College, Aberdeen in Scotland. Knight came across a small population growing on base-rich rocks in a sea cave (known locally as a "yawn") on the coast of Kincardineshire. The first publication to record it was the 1838 ''Flora Aberdonenis'' which included a note of its occurrence written by a pup ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1942 Births
Year 194 ( CXCIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Septimius and Septimius (or, less frequently, year 947 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 194 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * Emperor Septimius Severus and Decimus Clodius Septimius Albinus Caesar become Roman Consuls. * Battle of Issus: Septimius Severus marches with his army (12 legions) to Cilicia, and defeats Pescennius Niger, Roman governor of Syria. Pescennius retreats to Antioch, and is executed by Severus' troops. * Septimius Severus besieges Byzantium (194–196); the city walls suffer extensive damage. Asia * Battle of Yan Province: Warlords Cao Cao and Lü Bu fight for control over Yan Province; the battle lasts for over 100 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tradescantia
''Tradescantia'' () is a genus of 85 species of herbaceous perennial plant, perennial wildflowers in the family Commelinaceae, native to the Americas from southern Canada to northern Argentina, including the West Indies. Members of the genus are known by many common names, including inchplant, wandering jew, spiderwort, and dayflower. ''Tradescantia'' grow , and are commonly found individually or in clumps in wooded areas and open fields. They were introduced into Europe as ornamental plants in the 17th century and are now grown in many parts of the world. Some species have become naturalized in regions of Europe, Asia, Africa, and Australia, and on some oceanic islands. The genus's many species are of interest to cytogenetics because of evolutionary changes in the structure and number of their chromosomes. They have also been used as bioindicators for the detection of natural environment, environmental mutagens. Some species have become pest (organism), pests to cultivated crop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erigenia Bulbosa
''Erigenia bulbosa'', also known as harbinger of spring or pepper and salt, is a flowering perennial plant in the family Apiaceae. ''E. bulbosa'' is the only species in the genus ''Erigenia'' and tribe Erigenieae. This plant is known as harbinger of spring because it is one of the earliest blooming native wildflowers of rich forests in the mid-latitude United States. Throughout most of its range it blooms from late February through early April. Description It is a small spring ephemeral reaching only 5–15 cm tall when in flower, and slightly larger afterwards. Each spherical bulb gives rise to a single purplish stem, which terminates in an umbel. The flowers have white petals and large dark-reddish anthers. The teardrop shaped petals are 3-4 millimeters long, widely spaced and do not touch each other. As is characteristic of the carrot family, the leaves of this plant are sheathed at the base and pinnately divided into many small sections. Distribution and habitat H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trichomanes
''Trichomanes'' is a genus of ferns in the family Hymenophyllaceae, termed bristle ferns. The circumscription of the genus is disputed. All ferns in the genus are filmy ferns, with leaf tissue typically 2 cells thick. This thinness generally necessitates a permanently humid habitat, and makes the fronds somewhat translucent. Because of this membrane-like frond tissue, the plant is prone to drying out. “Filmy ferns” in the taxa Hymenophyllaceae grow in constantly wet environments. Many are found in cloud forests such as “Choco” in Colombia. There are also members of the taxa that can grow submersed in water. The name bristle fern refers to the small bristle that protrudes from the indusia of these ferns. Taxonomy The genus ''Trichomanes'' was first described by Carl Linnaeus in 1753. Its status, like other genera in the subfamily Trichomanoideae, remains disputed. The Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I) accepts the genus as one of eight in the sub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vittaria
''Vittaria'', the shoestring ferns, is a genus of ferns in the Vittarioideae subfamily of the family Pteridaceae. It had previously been placed in the family Vittariaceae,Karl U. Kramer. 1990. "Vittariaceae". pages 272-277. In: Klaus Kubitzki (general editor); Karl U. Kramer and Peter S. Green (volume editors) ''The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants'' volume I. Springer-Verlag: Berlin;Heidelberg, Germany. but that family is no longer recognized.Alan R. Smith, Kathleen M. Pryer, Eric Schuettpelz, Petra Korall, Harald Schneider, and Paul G. Wolf. 2008. "Davalliaceae". pages 443-444. In: "Fern Classification". pages 417-467. In: Tom A. Ranker and Christopher H. Haufler (editors). ''Biology and Evolution of Ferns and Lycophytes''. Cambridge University Press. ''Vittaria'' consists of epiphytes, with simple, entire, narrowly linear fronds.David J. Mabberley. 2008. ''Mabberley's Plant-Book'' third edition (2008). Cambridge University Press: UK. It comprises six species, five o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dennstaedtiaceae
Dennstaedtiaceae is one of fifteen families in the order Polypodiales, the most derived families within monilophytes (ferns). It comprises 10 genera with ca 240 known species, including one of the world's most abundant ferns, ''Pteridium aquilinum'' (bracken). Members of the order generally have large, highly divided leaves and have either small, round intramarginal sori with cup-shaped indusia (e.g. ''Dennstaedtia'') or linear marginal sori with a false indusium formed from the reflexed leaf margin (e.g. ''Pteridium''). The morphological diversity among members of the order has confused past taxonomy, but recent molecular studies have supported the monophyly of the order and the family.Smith, A. R., K. M. Pryer, et al. (2006). "A classification for extant ferns." Taxon 55(3): 705-731 The reclassification of Dennstaedtiaceae and the rest of the monilophytes was published in 2006, so most of the available literature is not updated. Characteristics * Terrestrial or scrambling (sca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pteridium Aquilinum
''Pteridium aquilinum'' (bracken, brake or common bracken), also known as eagle fern, is a species of fern occurring in temperate and subtropical regions in both hemispheres. Originally native to Eurasia and North America, the extreme lightness of its spores has led to it achieving a cosmopolitan distribution. Etymology Common bracken was first described as ''Pteris aquilina'' by Carl Linnaeus, in Volume 2 of his ''Species Plantarum'' in 1753. The origin of the specific epithet derived from the Latin ''aquila'' "eagle". In the reprint of the ''Flora Suecica'' in 1755, Linnaeus explains that the name refers to the image of an eagle seen in the transverse section of the root. In spite of this, the opinion has been forwarded that the name pertains to the shape of the mature fronds appearing akin to an eagle's wing. However, medieval scholars, including Erasmus, thought the pattern of the fibres seen in a transverse section of the stipe resembled a double-headed eagle or oak tree. Ta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dryopteridaceae
The Dryopteridaceae are a Family (biology), family of leptosporangiate ferns in the Order (biology), order Polypodiales. They are known Common name, colloquially as the wood ferns. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), the family is placed in the suborder Polypodiineae. Alternatively, it may be treated as the subfamily Dryopteridoideae of a very broadly defined family Polypodiaceae ''Sensu, sensu lato''. The family contains about 1700 species and has a cosmopolitan distribution. Species may be terrestrial plant, terrestrial, epipetric, hemiepiphyte, hemiepiphytic, or epiphytic. Many are Gardening, cultivated as ornamental plants. The largest genera are ''Elaphoglossum'' (600+), ''Polystichum'' (260), ''Dryopteris'' (225), and ''Ctenitis'' (150). These four genera contain about 70% of the species. Dryopteridaceae Evolutionary radiation, diverged from the other families in eupolypods I about 100 million years ago. Description The rhizomes are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cystopteris Fragilis
''Cystopteris fragilis'' is a species of fern known by the common names brittle bladder-fern and common fragile fern. It can be found worldwide, generally in shady, moist areas. The leaves are up to 30 or 40 centimeters long and are borne on fleshy Petiole (botany), petioles with few or no long hairs. Each leaf is divided into many pairs of leaflets, each of which is subdivided into lobed segments. The underside of the leaf has many rounded sorus, sori containing the sporangium, sporangia. References External linksJepson Manual Treatment: ''Cystopteris fragilis'' [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
