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JBoss Netty
Netty is a non-blocking I/O client-server framework for the development of Java network applications such as protocol servers and clients. The asynchronous event-driven network application framework and tools are used to simplify network programming such as TCP and UDP socket servers. Netty includes an implementation of the reactor pattern of programming. Originally developed by JBoss, Netty is now developed and maintained by the Netty Project Community. Besides being an asynchronous network application framework, Netty also includes built-in implementations of SSL/ TLS, HTTP, HTTP/2, HTTP/3, WebSockets, DNS, Protocol Buffers, SPDY and other protocols. Netty is not a Java web container, but is able to run inside one, and supports message compression. Netty has been actively developed since 2004. Beginning with version 4.0.0, Netty also supports the usage of NIO.2 as a backend, along with NIO and blocking Java sockets. See also * Application server * Node.js * Twisted ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HTTP
The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is an application layer protocol in the Internet protocol suite model for distributed, collaborative, hypermedia information systems. HTTP is the foundation of data communication for the World Wide Web, where hypertext documents include hyperlinks to other resources that the user can easily access, for example by a mouse click or by tapping the screen in a web browser. Development of HTTP was initiated by Tim Berners-Lee at CERN in 1989 and summarized in a simple document describing the behavior of a client and a server using the first HTTP protocol version that was named 0.9. That first version of HTTP protocol soon evolved into a more elaborated version that was the first draft toward a far future version 1.0. Development of early HTTP Requests for Comments (RFCs) started a few years later and it was a coordinated effort by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), with work later moving to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apache MINA
Apache MINA (Multipurpose Infrastructure for Network Applications) is an open source Java network application framework. MINA can be used to create scalable, high performance network applications. MINA provides unified APIs for various transports like TCP, UDP, serial communication. It also makes it easy to make an implementation of custom transport type. MINA provides both high-level and low-level network APIs. A user application interacts with MINA APIs, shielding the user application from low level I/O details. MINA internally uses I/O APIs to perform the actual I/O functions. This makes it easy for the users to concentrate on the application logic and leave the I/O handling to Apache MINA. Advantages *Unified APIs for various transports (TCP/UDP etc.) *Provides high/low level APIs *Customizable Thread Model *Easy Unit Testing using Mock Objects *Integration with DI frameworks like Spring, Google Guice, picocontainer *JMX Manageability Tooling Graphical tools such as E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Twisted (software)
Twisted is an event-driven programming, event-driven computer network programming, network programming software framework, framework written in Python (programming language), Python and licensed under the MIT License. Twisted projects variously support Transmission Control Protocol, TCP, User Datagram Protocol, UDP, Transport Layer Security, SSL/TLS, IP multicast, Unix domain Unix domain socket, sockets, many protocols (including HTTP, Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol, XMPP, Network News Transfer Protocol, NNTP, Internet Message Access Protocol, IMAP, Secure Shell, SSH, IRC, File Transfer Protocol, FTP, and others), and much more. Twisted is based on the event-driven programming paradigm, which means that users of Twisted write short callback (computer science), callbacks which are called by the framework. Core ideas Separation of protocols and transports Twisted is designed for complete separation between logical protocols (usually relying on stream-based connection s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Node
In general, a node is a localized swelling (a "knot") or a point of intersection (a vertex). Node may refer to: In mathematics *Vertex (graph theory), a vertex in a mathematical graph *Vertex (geometry), a point where two or more curves, lines, or edges meet. *Node (autonomous system), behaviour for an ordinary differential equation near a critical point *Singular point of an algebraic variety, a type of singular point of a curve In science and engineering Astronomy *Orbital node, the points where an orbit crosses a plane of reference ** Lunar node, where the orbits of the sun and moon intersect ** Longitude of the ascending node, how orbital nodes are parameterized Biology *Lymph node, an immune system organ used to store white blood cells *Node of Ranvier, periodic gaps in the insulating myelin sheaths of myelinated axons *Sinoatrial node and atrioventricular node, specialized tissues in the heart responsible for initiating and coordinating the heartbeat *Primitive knot or p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Application Server
An application server is a server that hosts applications or software that delivers a business application through a communication protocol. An application server framework is a service layer model. It includes software components available to a software developer through an application programming interface. An application server may have features such as clustering, fail-over, and load-balancing. The goal is for developers to focus on the business logic. Java application servers Jakarta EE (formerly Java EE or J2EE) defines the core set of API and features of Java application servers. The Jakarta EE infrastructure is partitioned into logical containers. *EJB container: Enterprise Beans are used to manage transactions. According to the Java BluePrints, the business logic of an application resides in Enterprise Beans—a modular server component providing many features, including declarative transaction management, and improving application scalability. * Web container: the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Front And Back Ends
In software engineering, the terms frontend and backend (or sometimes referred to as back end or back-end) refer to the separation of concerns between the presentation layer (''frontend''), and the data access layer (''backend'') of a piece of software, or the physical infrastructure or hardware. In the client–server model, the client is usually considered the frontend and the server is usually considered the backend, even when some presentation work is actually done on the server itself. Introduction In software architecture, there may be many layers between the hardware and end user. The ''front'' is an abstraction, simplifying the underlying component by providing a user-friendly interface, while the ''back'' usually handles data storage and business logic. In telecommunication, the ''front'' can be considered a device or service, while the ''back'' is the infrastructure that supports provision of service. A rule of thumb is that the client-side (or "frontend") is any comp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New I/O
java.nio (NIO stands for New Input/Output) is a collection of Java programming language APIs that offer features for intensive I/O operations. It was introduced with the J2SE 1.4 release of Java by Sun Microsystems to complement an existing standard I/O. NIO was developed under the Java Community Process as JSR 51. An extension to NIO that offers a new file system API, called NIO.2, was released with Java SE 7 ("Dolphin"). Features and organization The APIs of NIO were designed to provide access to the low-level I/O operations of modern operating systems. Although the APIs are themselves relatively high-level, the intent is to facilitate an implementation that can directly use the most efficient operations of the underlying platform. The Java NIO APIs are provided in the package and its subpackages. The documentation by Oracle identifies these features. * Buffers for data of primitive types * Character set encoders and decoders * A pattern-matching facility based on Perl-styl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Data Compression
In information theory, data compression, source coding, or bit-rate reduction is the process of encoding information using fewer bits than the original representation. Any particular compression is either lossy or lossless. Lossless compression reduces bits by identifying and eliminating statistical redundancy. No information is lost in lossless compression. Lossy compression reduces bits by removing unnecessary or less important information. Typically, a device that performs data compression is referred to as an encoder, and one that performs the reversal of the process (decompression) as a decoder. The process of reducing the size of a data file is often referred to as data compression. In the context of data transmission, it is called source coding; encoding done at the source of the data before it is stored or transmitted. Source coding should not be confused with channel coding, for error detection and correction or line coding, the means for mapping data onto a signal. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Web Container
A web container (also known as a servlet container; and compare "webcontainer" ) is the component of a web server that interacts with Jakarta Servlets. A web container is responsible for managing the lifecycle of servlets, mapping a URL to a particular servlet and ensuring that the URL requester has the correct access-rights. A web container handles requests to servlets, Jakarta Server Pages (JSP) files, and other types of files that include server-side code. The Web container creates servlet instances, loads and unloads servlets, creates and manages request and response objects, and performs other servlet-management tasks. A web container implements the web component contract of the Jakarta EE architecture. This architecture specifies a runtime environment for additional web components, including security, concurrency, lifecycle management, transaction, deployment, and other services. List of Servlet containers The following is a list of applications which implement the Jakar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SPDY
SPDY (pronounced "speedy") is an obsolete open-specification communication protocol developed for transporting web content. SPDY became the basis for HTTP/2 specification. However, HTTP/2 diverged from SPDY and eventually HTTP/2 subsumed all usecases of SPDY. After HTTP/2 was ratified as a standard, major implementers, including Google, Mozilla, and Apple, deprecated SPDY in favor of HTTP/2. Since 2021, no modern browser supports SPDY. Google announced SPDY in late 2009 and deployed in 2010. SPDY manipulates HTTP traffic, with particular goals of reducing web page load latency and improving web security. SPDY achieves reduced latency through compression, multiplexing, and prioritization, although this depends on a combination of network and website deployment conditions. The name "SPDY" is a trademark of Google and is not an acronym. History HTTP/2 was first discussed when it became apparent that SPDY was gaining traction with implementers (like Mozilla and nginx), and was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protocol Buffers
Protocol Buffers (Protobuf) is a free and open-source cross-platform data format used to serialize structured data. It is useful in developing programs to communicate with each other over a network or for storing data. The method involves an interface description language that describes the structure of some data and a program that generates source code from that description for generating or parsing a stream of bytes that represents the structured data. Overview Google developed Protocol Buffers for internal use and provided a code generator for multiple languages under an open-source license (see below). The design goals for Protocol Buffers emphasized simplicity and performance. In particular, it was designed to be smaller and faster than XML. Protocol Buffers are widely used at Google for storing and interchanging all kinds of structured information. The method serves as a basis for a custom remote procedure call (RPC) system that is used for nearly all inter-machine comm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
