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JAC Refine S5
The JAC Refine S5 is a Compact crossover, Compact CUV that was produced by JAC Motors and positioned above the slightly smaller Refine S3, JAC Refine S3. Overview Previewed by the JAC Eagle SII concept on the 2012 Beijing Auto Show and originally launched on the 2012 Guangzhou Auto Show as the JAC Eagle S5, the compact crossover was quickly rebranded to Refine S5 during the facelift shortly after to fit into the later established Refine sub-brand. Pricing of the JAC Eagle S5 ranges from 89,800 yuan to 135,800 yuan, while the pricing of the facelifted Refine S5 ranges from 89,500 yuan to 139,500 yuan. The JAC Refine S5 is available with two engines including a 1.8 liter turbo engine with 163hp and 253nm mated to a six-speed manual gearbox, and a naturally aspirated 2.0 liter engine with 136hp and 180nm, mated to a 5-speed manual gearbox at launch. Gallery References External links Official website
JAC Motors vehicles, Refine S5 Compact sport utility vehicles Front-wheel ...
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JAC Motors
JAC Motors (; officially Anhui Jianghuai Automobile Co., Ltd.) is a Chinese automobile and commercial vehicle manufacturer.U.S.-China Commercial Relations: Navistar Inc.-- JAC Truck and Engine Joint Ventures
ustr.gov, January 2011
The company is based in , Anhui Province, China. The company produced about 524,000 units in 2021, including 271,800 commercial vehicles and 252,500 passenger vehicles. It also sold 16,800 BEV ...
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Manual Transmission
A manual transmission (MT), also known as manual gearbox, standard transmission (in Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States), or stick shift (in the United States), is a multi-speed motor vehicle transmission system, where gear changes require the driver to manually select the gears by operating a gear stick and clutch (which is usually a foot pedal for cars or a hand lever for motorcycles). Early automobiles used ''sliding-mesh'' manual transmissions with up to three forward gear ratios. Since the 1950s, ''constant-mesh'' manual transmissions have become increasingly commonplace and the number of forward ratios has increased to 5-speed and 6-speed manual transmissions for current vehicles. The alternative to a manual transmission is an automatic transmission; common types of automatic transmissions are the hydraulic automatic transmission (AT), and the continuously variable transmission (CVT), whereas the automated manual transmission (AMT) and dual-clutch transmis ...
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Front-wheel-drive Vehicles
Front-wheel drive (FWD) is a form of engine and transmission layout used in motor vehicles, where the engine drives the front wheels only. Most modern front-wheel drive vehicles feature a transverse engine, rather than the conventional longitudinal engine arrangement generally found in rear-wheel drive and four-wheel drive vehicles. Location of engine and transmission By far the most common layout for a front-wheel drive car is with the engine and transmission at the front of the car, mounted transversely. Other layouts of front-wheel drive that have been occasionally produced are a front-engine mounted longitudinally, a mid-engine layout and a rear-engine layout. History Prior to 1900 Experiments with front-wheel drive cars date to the early days of the automobile. The world's first self-propelled vehicle, Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot's 1769/1770 "fardier à vapeur", was a front-wheel driven three-wheeled steam-tractor. It then took at least a century, for the firs ...
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Compact Sport Utility Vehicles
Compact as used in politics may refer broadly to a pact or treaty; in more specific cases it may refer to: * Interstate compact * Blood compact, an ancient ritual of the Philippines * Compact government, a type of colonial rule utilized in British North America * Compact of Free Association whereby the sovereign states of the Federated States of Micronesia, the Republic of the Marshall Islands and the Republic of Palau have entered into as associated states with the United States. * Mayflower Compact, the first governing document of Plymouth Colony * United Nations Global Compact * Global Compact for Migration, a UN non-binding intergovernmental agreement Mathematics * Compact element, those elements of a partially ordered set that cannot be subsumed by a supremum of any directed set that does not already contain them * Compact operator, a linear operator that takes bounded subsets to relatively compact subsets, in functional analysis * Compact space, a topological space such t ...
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JAC Motors Vehicles
JAC or Jac may refer to: Businesses *JAC Liner, a Philippine bus company *JAC Motors, a Chinese automobile manufacturer * Japan Air Commuter airline (ICAO: JAC) Organizations * JAC (football club), a football club from Libreville, Gabon * Japanese Alpine Club * Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee, a Soviet political organization *Jharkhand Academic Council *Joint Analysis Center, US intelligence agency *Joint Astronomy Centre, an observatory telescope operator * Judicial Appointments Commission, of England and Wales *'' Junta de Aviación Civil'', the civil aviation authority of the Dominican Republic * Men's Hockey Junior Africa Cup, international under-21 field hockey tournament organised by the African Hockey Federation. Other uses *''J.A.C.'', an album from Austrian band Tosca *Jac Naylor, a fictional character in ''Holby City'' * Castra of Jac, a fort in the Roman province of Dacia * Jakaltek language (ISO 639-3: jac) * John Abbott College, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada ...
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Guangzhou Auto Show
China (Guangzhou) International Automobile Exhibition (), also called Guangzhou International Motor Show () or Auto Guangzhou (), is an auto show held by Guangzhou Zhanlian Exhibition Service Co., Ltd, in November and December every year in the Guangzhou International Convention and Exhibition Center, China. It is not a recognized international show by the Organisation Internationale des Constructeurs d'Automobiles. History 2002-2018 In 2006, the Nissan Livina Geniss made its world premiere. 2010 saw the Trumpchi introduced. In 2011, it was held from November 22 until November 28. That year saw Changan Automobile, based in Chongqing, showing four new models, including its new Changan Eado compact, and a new subcompact the B501. Other entrants included the redesigned BenBen Mini, and Changan's new BlueCore brand. The 2012 Guangzhou International Motor Show opened on November 22, 2012, debuting cars such as the 2014 Subaru Forester that year. 2019 At the 17th Guangzhou ...
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Refine S3
The JAC Refine S3 is a Compact CUV produced by JAC Motors under the Refine sub-brand. Overview Originally launched on the 2013 Shanghai Auto Show as the Heyue S30 under the Heyue sub-brand, the compact crossover was quickly rebranded to Refine S3 shortly after during the 2014 Beijing Auto Show. Pricing of the Refine S3 was revealed later during the 2014 Chengdu Auto Show with prices ranging from 65,800 yuan to 84,800 yuan. The JAC Refine S3 is powered by the HFC4GB2.3E 1.5 liter naturally aspirated engine producing 113hp mated to a selection of 5-speed manual, 6-speed manual, and CVT gearboxes. The facelifted Refine S3 crossover was launched on the 2016 Chengdu Auto Show in China. 2016 facelift The 2016 facelift includes redesigned grilles, triangle shaped fog lights, new headlights, new rear lights, new bumpers, and an updated interior. It also introduces the new JAC corporate logo. 2019 facelift At the 2019 Shanghai Auto Show Auto Shanghai (), officially known as th ...
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Dual-clutch Transmission
A dual-clutch transmission (DCT) (sometimes referred to as a twin-clutch transmission) is a type of multi-speed vehicle transmission system, that uses two separate clutches for odd and even gear sets. The design is often similar to two separate manual transmissions with their respective clutches contained within one housing, and working as one unit. In car and truck applications, the DCT functions as an automatic transmission, requiring no driver input to change gears. The first DCT to reach production was the ''Easidrive'' automatic transmission introduced on the 1961 Hillman Minx mid-size car. This was followed by various eastern European tractors through the 1970s (using manual operation via a single clutch pedal), then the Porsche 962 C racing car in 1985. The first DCT of the modern era was used in the 2003 Volkswagen Golf R32. Since the late 2000s, DCTs have become increasingly widespread, and have supplanted hydraulic automatic transmissions in various models of ca ...
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Newton Metre
The newton-metre (also newton metre or newton meter; symbol N⋅m or N m) is the unit of torque (also called ) in the International System of Units (SI). One newton-metre is equal to the torque resulting from a force of one newton applied perpendicularly to the end of a moment arm that is one metre long. The nonstandard notation ''Nm'' occurs in some fields. The unit is also used less commonly as a unit of work, or energy, in which case it is equivalent to the more common and standard SI unit of energy, the joule.For example: Eshbach's handbook of engineering fundamentals - 10.4 Engineering Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer "In SI units the basic unit of energy is newton-metre". In this usage the metre term represents the distance travelled or displacement in the direction of the force, and not the perpendicular distance from a fulcrum as it does when used to express torque. This usage is generally discouraged, since it can lead to confusion as to whether a given quanti ...
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JAC Rein
The JAC Rein (瑞鹰) is a compact sport utility vehicle (SUV) produced by Chinese automaker JAC Motors since 2007. Overview The JAC Rein was originally launched as the JAC Eagle. The new name Rein in Chinese is 瑞鹰, Ruiying, meaning ‘Lucky Eagle’. JAC translated Ruiying into English as ‘Rein’ but they also use the name ‘Eagle’ in some foreign markets. The JAC Eagle name was later used to rebadge a series of crossovers from the JAC Refine product series for some foreign markets. The JAC Rein is based on the first generation Hyundai Santa Fe due to the joint venture between Hyundai and JAC Motors with JAC building Hyundai Santa Fes under license previously. The rear lights look like the ones from a 2008 Lexus RX. It was launched in 2007 with a starting price of 79,800 yuan. The JAC Rein is powered by a 2.0 liter turbo with 178hp at 5400rpm and 235nm at 4500rpm. Other engine options include an older 2.4 liter engine, a 2.0 liter engine and a 1.9 liter turbo diese ...
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Horsepower
Horsepower (hp) is a unit of measurement of power, or the rate at which work is done, usually in reference to the output of engines or motors. There are many different standards and types of horsepower. Two common definitions used today are the mechanical horsepower (or imperial horsepower), which is about 745.7 watts, and the metric horsepower, which is approximately 735.5 watts. The term was adopted in the late 18th century by Scottish engineer James Watt to compare the output of steam engines with the power of draft horses. It was later expanded to include the output power of other types of piston engines, as well as turbines, electric motors and other machinery. The definition of the unit varied among geographical regions. Most countries now use the SI unit watt for measurement of power. With the implementation of the EU Directive 80/181/EEC on 1 January 2010, the use of horsepower in the EU is permitted only as a supplementary unit. History The development of the ...
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Turbo
In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (often called a turbo) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. It uses this energy to compress the intake gas, forcing more air into the engine in order to produce more power for a given displacement.
The current categorisation is that a turbocharger is powered by the kinetic energy of the exhaust gasses, whereas a is mechanically powered (usually by a belt from the engine's crankshaft). However, up until the mid-20th century, a turbocharger was called a "turbosupercharger" and was considered a type of supercharger.


History

Prior to the invention of the turbocharger,
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