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J. R. Razoux Kühr
Jacobus Rudolph Razoux Kühr, commonly known as J. R. Razoux Kühr or Jack Razoux Kühr (born 1882 in Ternate, Dutch East Indies - died 1958 Nijmegen, Netherlands) was an Indo civil servant and businessman from the Dutch East Indies largely remembered for being one of the first editors of the popular Chinese Indonesian newspaper Sin Po. Biography Early life Razoux Kühr was born to an Indo family in Ternate, Maluku Islands, Dutch East Indies on 17 January 1882. The family descended from J.R.'s grandfather, Cornelis Kühr, who had left Delft for a civil service post in the Indies and had married an Indo woman in Semarang named Helena Johanna du Riel Razoux. His father, a civil servant in Semarang and later Ternate, was named Johan George Razoux Kühr and his mother Jeanne Elisabeth Van Essel; J.R. was the sixth out of eight children. From around 1897 to 1901, he completed Hogere Burgerschool schooling at the Koning Willem III School in Batavia. During his time at the school he c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ternate
Ternate is a city in the Indonesian province of North Maluku and an island in the Maluku Islands. It was the ''de facto'' provincial capital of North Maluku before Sofifi on the nearby coast of Halmahera became the capital in 2010. It is off the west coast of Halmahera, and is composed of eight islands: Ternate, the biggest and main island of the city, and Moti, Hiri, Tifure, Mayau, Makka, Mano, and Gurida. In total, the city has a land area of 162.17 square kilometres and had a total population of 185,705 according to the 2010 census, and 205,001 according to the 2020 census, with a density of 1,264 people per square kilometre. It is the biggest and most densely populated city in the province, is the economic, cultural, and education center of North Maluku, and acts as a hub to neighbouring regions. It was the capital of the Sultanate of Ternate in the 15th and 16th centuries, and fought against the Sultanate of Tidore over control of the spice trade in the Moluccas before becomin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Singapore
Singapore (), officially the Republic of Singapore, is a sovereign island country and city-state in maritime Southeast Asia. It lies about one degree of latitude () north of the equator, off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, bordering the Strait of Malacca to the west, the Singapore Strait to the south, the South China Sea to the east, and the Straits of Johor to the north. The country's territory is composed of one main island, 63 satellite islands and islets, and one outlying islet; the combined area of these has increased by 25% since the country's independence as a result of extensive land reclamation projects. It has the third highest population density in the world. With a multicultural population and recognising the need to respect cultural identities of the major ethnic groups within the nation, Singapore has four official languages: English, Malay, Mandarin, and Tamil. English is the lingua franca and numerous public services are available only in Eng ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ubbergen
Ubbergen () is village and former municipality in the eastern Netherlands, in the province of Gelderland. The village is part of the municipality of Berg en Dal (formerly known as Groesbeek). Notable people Notable people who were born in Ubbergen include: * Don Burgers (1932–2006), politician for the KVP and the CDA * Amber (1970), Dutch-German singer, songwriter and music producer * Yelmer Buurman (1987), professional racing driver Gallery Villa De Maartenshof in Ubbergen. rijk van Nijmegen 1875 Rijksstraatweg 48.jpg, Villa 'De Maartenshof' on the Rijkstraatweg Beeld Nescio te Ubbergen - Een groot dichter zijn en dan vallen.JPG, Statue of Nescio (1991) on the Rijksstraatweg Dutch highschool Notre Dame des Anges.jpg, The school building of Notre Dame des Anges Notre Dame des Anges, usually called the Notre Dame, is a secondary education school in the Netherlands. The school is located in Ubbergen (near the city of Nijmegen), in the province of Gelderland. It is the only ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
West New Guinea Dispute
The West New Guinea dispute (1950–1962), also known as the West Irian dispute, was a diplomatic and political conflict between the Netherlands and Indonesia over the territory of Dutch New Guinea. While the Netherlands had ceded sovereignty over most of the Dutch East Indies to Indonesia on 27 December 1949 following an independence struggle, it retained control over its colony on the western half of New Guinea. The Indonesian government claimed this territory as well, on the basis that it had belonged to the Dutch East Indies and that the new Republic of Indonesia was the legitimate successor to the former Dutch colony. During the first phase of the dispute (1950–1954), Indonesia pursued bilateral negotiations with the Netherlands. During the second phase (1954–1958), Indonesia attempted to raise support for its territorial claims in the United Nations General Assembly.Soedjati Djiwandono, ''Konfrontasi Revisited'', pp.1–2 During the third phase (1960–1962), Indonesi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chinese Officer
Kapitan Cina, also spelled Kapitan China or Capitan China ( en, Captain of the Chinese; ; nl, Kapitein der Chinezen), was a high-ranking government position in the civil administration of colonial Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Borneo and the Philippines. Office holders exercised varying degrees of power and influence: from near-sovereign political and legal jurisdiction over local Chinese communities, to ceremonial precedence for community leaders. Corresponding posts existed for other ethnic groups, such as Kapitan Arab and Kapitan Keling for the local Arab and Indian communities respectively. Pre-colonial origin The origin of the office, under various different native titles, goes back to court positions in the precolonial states of Southeast Asia, such as the Sultanates of Malacca in the Malay peninsula, the Sultanate of Banten in Java, and the Kingdom of Siam in mainland Southeast Asia.Ooi, Keat Gin. ''Southeast Asia: A Historical Encyclopedia, From Angkor Wat to East ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cheribon
Cirebon (, formerly rendered Cheribon or Chirebon in English) is a port city on the northern coast of the Indonesian island of Java. It is the only coastal city of West Java, located about 40 km west of the provincial border with Central Java, approximately east of Jakarta, at . It had a population of 296,389 at the 2010 census and 333,303 at the 2020 census. The built-up area of Cirebon reaches out from the city and into the surrounding regency of the same name; the official metropolitan area encompasses this regency as well as the city, and covers an area of , with a 2010 census population of 2,363,585; the 2020 census total was 2,603,924. Straddling the border between West and Central Java, Cirebon's history has been influenced by both Sundanese and Javanese culture as well as Arab and Chinese, and is the seat of a former Sultanate. Etymology Being on the border of Sundanese (i.e., Western Java) and Javanese (i.e., Central Java) cultural regions, many of Cirebon' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hauw Tek Kong
Hauw Tek Kong () (1887-1928) was a Peranakan Chinese newspaper editor and publisher from the Dutch East Indies associated with ''Sin Po'' and later '' Keng Po''. Biography Hauw Tek Kong was born in Batavia, Dutch East Indies in 1887. He is thought to have studied at the Anglo-Chinese School in Singapore. Around 1908 he became interested in silent film theatres and became director of a company aiming to open one in Batavia, the ''Solar Bioscope Company Ltd.''. This company purchased the equipment that same year and toured it around various temporary venues in Batavia and as far afield as Bogor before having a permanent location built for it in Meester Cornelis by 1910. The films shown at the Solar Bioscore included English productions and those produced by Pathé. Sin Po In 1913, when Oey Tjioe Yong, the former director of the popular Indies Chinese newspaper ''Sin Po'' stepped down, Hauw, who was already a major shareholder in the paper, was appointed in his place. Under his tenur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Persdelict
Censorship in the Dutch East Indies was significantly stricter than in the Netherlands, as the freedom of the press guaranteed in the Constitution of the Netherlands did not apply in the country's overseas colonies. Before the twentieth century, official censorship focused mainly on Dutch-language materials, aiming at protecting the trade and business interests of the colony and the reputation of colonial officials. In the early twentieth century, with the rise of Indonesian nationalism, censorship also encompassed materials printed in local languages such as Malay language, Malay and Javanese language, Javanese, and enacted a repressive system of arrests, surveillance and deportations to combat anti-colonial sentiment. History Dutch East India Company rule (1600s–1799) Although the Dutch started to establish a presence in Southeast Asia at the turn of the seventeenth century, there was no functioning European printing press in their settlements there for several decades, and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Perniagaan (newspaper)
Perniagaan (Malay: Commerce, known in Chinese as 商业新闻 ''Shāngyè xīnwén'') was a Malay language Peranakan Chinese newspaper in Batavia, Dutch East Indies from 1907 to 1930. The newspaper was the conservative rival of Sin Po and was closely associated with the Tiong Hoa Hwee Koan and the Chinese Officer system. History ''Perniagaans history is closely associated with the Tiong Hoa Hwee Koan, an Indonesian Chinese reformist and educational movement that opened branches in many cities in the Indies during the first decades of the twentieth century. Many members of the Batavia THHK owned shares in the company that owned the newspaper and the paper regularly covered THHK activities. Kabar Perniagaan An earlier iteration of the newspaper was called ''Kabar Perniagaan'' (Malay: Commerce News). The name may have been a simple translation of the common Dutch language name for a business newspaper, ''Handelsblad''. That paper was founded in 1903, was printed in Batavia by Tjoe To ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bandung
Bandung ( su, ᮘᮔ᮪ᮓᮥᮀ, Bandung, ; ) is the capital city of the Indonesian province of West Java. It has a population of 2,452,943 within its city limits according to the official estimates as at mid 2021, making it the fourth most populous city in Indonesia. Greater Bandung (Bandung Basin Metropolitan Area/BBMA) is the country's third-largest metropolitan area, with nearly nine million inhabitants. Located above sea level, the highest point in the North area with an altitude of 1,050 meters and the lowest in the South is 675 meters above sea level, approximately southeast of Jakarta, Bandung has cooler year-round temperatures than most other Indonesian cities. The city lies on a river basin surrounded by volcanic mountains that provides a natural defence system, which was the primary reason for the Dutch East Indies government's plan to move the capital from Batavia (modern-day Jakarta) to Bandung. The Dutch first established tea plantations around the mou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Persdelict
Censorship in the Dutch East Indies was significantly stricter than in the Netherlands, as the freedom of the press guaranteed in the Constitution of the Netherlands did not apply in the country's overseas colonies. Before the twentieth century, official censorship focused mainly on Dutch-language materials, aiming at protecting the trade and business interests of the colony and the reputation of colonial officials. In the early twentieth century, with the rise of Indonesian nationalism, censorship also encompassed materials printed in local languages such as Malay language, Malay and Javanese language, Javanese, and enacted a repressive system of arrests, surveillance and deportations to combat anti-colonial sentiment. History Dutch East India Company rule (1600s–1799) Although the Dutch started to establish a presence in Southeast Asia at the turn of the seventeenth century, there was no functioning European printing press in their settlements there for several decades, and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peranakan
The Peranakans () are an ethnic group defined by their genealogical descent from the first waves of Southern Chinese settlers to maritime Southeast Asia, known as Nanyang (), namely the British Colonial ruled ports in the Malay Peninsula, the Indonesian Archipelago as well as Singapore. Peranakan culture, especially in the dominant Peranakan centres of Malacca, Singapore, Penang and Medan, is characterized by its unique hybridization of ancient Chinese culture with the local cultures of the Nusantara region, the result of a centuries-long history of transculturation and interracial marriage. Immigrants from the southern provinces of China arrived in significant numbers in the region between the 14th and 17th centuries, taking abode in the Malay Peninsula (where their descendants in Malacca, Singapore and Penang are referred to as Baba–Nyonya); the Indonesian Archipelago (where their descendants are referred to as Kiau–Seng); and Southern Thailand, primarily in Phuket, Tr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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