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Istrian Demarcation
The Istrian Demarcation or Istrian Perambulation () is a legal document on the demarcation of territories between neighbouring municipalities in Istria, currently shared by Croatia, Slovenia, and Italy. More precisely, between the possessions of the Patriarchate of Aquileia, the Count of Gorica and Pazin and the representatives of the Venetian Republic. In addition to the borders that were being agreed upon only in disputed parts of Istria, the Istrian Demarcation also established the payment of fees for the use of forests, vineyards and pastures. Although the document gives a date of 1325, this is sometimes corrected to 1275 on the basis of other internal evidence.Tomaž Keresteš and Borut Holcman (2015)"The Istrian Perambulation as an Important Source on History of Autonomous Communes in Slovenian Istria" ''Lex Localis – Journal of Local Self-Government'', Vol. 13, No. 1, pp. 49–57. Authenticity The authenticity of the Istrian Demarcation is disputed. The original documen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Italian Language
Italian (''italiano'' or ) is a Romance language of the Indo-European language family that evolved from the Vulgar Latin of the Roman Empire. Together with Sardinian, Italian is the least divergent language from Latin. Spoken by about 85 million people (2022), Italian is an official language in Italy, Switzerland (Ticino and the Grisons), San Marino, and Vatican City. It has an official minority status in western Istria (Croatia and Slovenia). Italian is also spoken by large immigrant and expatriate communities in the Americas and Australia.Ethnologue report for language code:ita (Italy) – Gordon, Raymond G., Jr. (ed.), 2005. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Fifteenth edition. Dallas, Tex.: SIL International. Online version Itali ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Josip Bratulić
Josip Bratulić (born 2 February 1939) is a Croatian philologist and a historian of literature and culture. He was born in Sveti Petar u Šumi. He attended a gymnasium in Pazin, graduating in Croatian studies and comparative literature at the Faculty of Philosophy in Zagreb. At the same university he received his master's degree and a doctorate, with a thesis on Croatian Glagolism. He worked as an assistant and research associate at the Old Church Slavonic Institute in Zagreb, and since 1977 he has been teaching a course on Old Croatian literature at the Zagreb Faculty of Philosophy. He served as a dean in the period 1991-1993, and since 2000 he has been a regular member of the Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts. Bratulić participated in the preparation of a large number of cultural and scientific events, such as the exhibition ''Pisana riječ u Hrvatskoj'' ("The Written Word in Croatia"), and the development of the ethnopark Glagolitic Alley Roč–Hum together with Želi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Branko Fučić
Branko Fučić (8 September 1920 – 30 January 1999) was a Croatian art historian, archeologist and paleographer. He was born in Malinska-Dubašnica on the island of Krk. After graduating at the Faculty of Philosophy in Zagreb in 1944, he received his PhD in Ljubljana in 1964. He worked in various conservation institutes and institutions at the Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts. He was an associate member of the Yugoslav Academy of Sciences and Arts since 1975, extraordinary member since 1983, and a full member of the Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts since 1991. He was actively engaged in field research of the medieval cultural and historical monuments, especially murals and Glagolitic epigraphy in Istria, northern Croatian Littoral and Kvarner islands. He discovered and analyzed medieval frescoes in sixty locales in Istria (''Istarske freske'', 1963; ''Vincent iz Kastva'', 1992). He led archaeological excavations of the Church of St. Lucy, Jurandvor on the island of K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Luka Kirac
Luka Kirac (September 27, 1860 – January 3, 1931), was a Croatian Catholic priest, revivalist of Croatian nationalism and right-wing politician. Kirac was a defender of the rights of Croats and Slovenes in Istria, and played an important part in their struggle for their rights. He emphasized the connection of Istrian Croats with the national motherland, and, as early as during his schooling, was "fascinated by the ideas of national revival and Starčević's orthodoxy." Kirac is said to have equally respected Starčević and Dobrila. Biography He was born in Medulin, into a peasant family. Kirac finished elementary school in his native Medulin. He went to high school in Senj and Rijeka, financially supported by Juraj Dobrila, who had first noticed his brightness. After being ordained a priest, he worked in Poreč. After that, the church authorities moved him to places in southern Istria: to Krnica and Rakalj. He was pastor in Barban for eight years, from 1887 to 1895. There h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
March Of Istria
The March of Istria (or Margraviate of Istria ) was originally a Carolingian frontier march covering the Istrian peninsula and surrounding territory conquered by Charlemagne's son Pepin of Italy in 789. After 1364, it was the name of the Istrian province of the Habsburg monarchy, the Austrian Empire and Austria-Hungary. History The settlement area of the ancient Histri tribes had been conquered by the Roman Empire in 178 BC and was incorporated into the northeastern ''Venetia et Histria'' region under Emperor Augustus. Upon the Decline of the Roman Empire and the Migration Period, the Lombards under King Alboin from 568 onwards conquered ''Venetia'', where they established the Duchy of Friuli, part of their Kingdom of Italy. The Istrian peninsula remained under Byzantine (Eastern Roman) influence, while South Slavic tribes (Croatians and Slovenes) settled in the east and north. Aistulf, King of the Lombards from 749, attacked the remaining Byzantine territories in Italy and e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Milko Kos
Milko Kos (12 December 1892 – 24 March 1972) was a Slovenian historian, considered the father of the Ljubljana school of historiography. He was born in the town of Gorizia (then part of Austro-Hungarian Empire, now in Italy), where his father, the renowned medievalist Franc Kos, taught at the state high school. His mother was a Friulian from Gorizia and Gradisca. His younger brother Anton Gojmir Kos later became a prominent painter. He studied history at the University of Vienna, specializing in the social history of the middle ages. He was an expert on medieval settlement patterns in the Slovene Lands. He also wrote about the social history of medieval towns and issues related to early Slovenian history, including the Slavic principality of Carantania and the Freising manuscripts. In 1928, he started teaching at the University of Ljubljana, where he replaced Ljudmil Hauptmann as the head of the chair for Slovene history. In this position, he influenced almost all S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Latin
Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of the Roman Republic it became the dominant language in the Italian region and subsequently throughout the Roman Empire. Even after the fall of Western Rome, Latin remained the common language of international communication, science, scholarship and academia in Europe until well into the 18th century, when other regional vernaculars (including its own descendants, the Romance languages) supplanted it in common academic and political usage, and it eventually became a dead language in the modern linguistic definition. Latin is a highly inflected language, with three distinct genders (masculine, feminine, and neuter), six or seven noun cases (nominative, accusative, genitive, dative, ablative, and vocative), five declensions, four verb conjuga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glagolitic
The Glagolitic script (, , ''glagolitsa'') is the oldest known Slavic alphabet. It is generally agreed to have been created in the 9th century by Saint Cyril, a monk from Thessalonica. He and his brother Saint Methodius were sent by the Byzantine Emperor Michael III in 863 to Great Moravia to spread Christianity among the West Slavs in the area. The brothers decided to translate liturgical books into the contemporary Slavic language understandable to the general population (now known as Old Church Slavonic). As the words of that language could not be easily written by using either the Greek or Latin alphabets, Cyril decided to invent a new script, Glagolitic, which he based on the local dialect of the Slavic tribes from the Byzantine theme of Thessalonica. After the deaths of Cyril and Methodius, the Glagolitic alphabet ceased to be used in Moravia for political or religious needs. In 885, Pope Stephen V issued a papal bull to restrict spreading and reading Christian services ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Istria
Istria ( ; Croatian language, Croatian and Slovene language, Slovene: ; ist, Eîstria; Istro-Romanian language, Istro-Romanian, Italian language, Italian and Venetian language, Venetian: ; formerly in Latin and in Ancient Greek) is the largest peninsula within the Adriatic Sea. The peninsula is located at the head of the Adriatic between the Gulf of Trieste and the Kvarner Gulf. It is shared by three countries: Croatia, Slovenia, and Italy.Marcel Cornis-Pope, John Neubauer''History of the literary cultures of East-Central Europe: junctures and disjunctures in the 19th And 20th Centuries'' John Benjamins Publishing Co. (2006), Alan John Day, Roger East, Richard Thomas''A political and economic dictionary of Eastern Europe'' Routledge, 1sr ed. (2002), Croatia encapsulates most of the Istrian peninsula with its Istria County. Geography The geographical features of Istria include the Učka/Monte Maggiore mountain range, which is the highest portion of the Ćićarija/Cicceria ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Croatian Language
Croatian (; ' ) is the standardized variety of the Serbo-Croatian pluricentric language used by Croats, principally in Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Serbian province of Vojvodina, and other neighboring countries. It is the official and literary standard of Croatia and one of the official languages of the European Union. Croatian is also one of the official languages of Bosnia and Herzegovina and a recognized minority language in Serbia and neighboring countries. Standard Croatian is based on the most widespread dialect of Serbo-Croatian, Shtokavian, more specifically on Eastern Herzegovinian, which is also the basis of Standard Serbian, Bosnian, and Montenegrin. In the mid-18th century, the first attempts to provide a Croatian literary standard began on the basis of the Neo-Shtokavian dialect that served as a supraregional ''lingua franca'' pushing back regional Chakavian, Kajkavian, and Shtokavian vernaculars. The decisive role was played by Croatian Vukovians, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Venetian Republic
The Republic of Venice ( vec, Repùblega de Venèsia) or Venetian Republic ( vec, Repùblega Vèneta, links=no), traditionally known as La Serenissima ( en, Most Serene Republic of Venice, italics=yes; vec, Serenìsima Repùblega de Venèsia, links=no), was a sovereign state and Maritime republics, maritime republic in parts of present-day Italy (mainly Northern Italy, northeastern Italy) that existed for 1100 years from AD 697 until AD 1797. Centered on the Venetian Lagoon, lagoon communities of the prosperous city of Venice, it incorporated numerous Stato da Màr, overseas possessions in modern Croatia, Slovenia, Montenegro, Greece, Albania and Cyprus. The republic grew into a Economic history of Venice, trading power during the Middle Ages and strengthened this position during the Renaissance. Citizens spoke the still-surviving Venetian language, although publishing in (Florentine) Italian became the norm during the Renaissance. In its early years, it prospered on the salt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
